scholarly journals Alendronate in the Treatment of Primary Hyperparathyroid-Related Osteoporosis: A 2-Year Study

2002 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 4482-4489 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Parker ◽  
P. J. Blackwell ◽  
K. J. Fairbairn ◽  
D. J. Hosking
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Nonvertebral Fracture ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Short Term ◽  
X Ray ◽  
T Score ◽  
Male Patients

We investigated the effect of alendronate on calcium, PTH, and bone mineral density in 27 female and 5 male patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. The treatment group [n = 14; T score ≤ −2.5 sd at the femoral neck (FN) or T ≤ −1.0 sd plus previous nonvertebral fracture] was given alendronate 10 mg/d for 24 months. The second group (n = 18; T score > −2.5 sd at the FN) was untreated. Biochemistry was repeated at 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at 12 and 24 months. There were no significant between-group baseline differences in calcium, creatinine, or PTH. Alendronate-treated patients gained bone at all sites [lumbar spine (LS), 1 yr gain, +7.3 ± 1.7%; P < 0.001; 2 yr, +7.3 ± 3.1%; P = 0.04). Untreated patients gained bone at the LS over 2 yr (+4.0 ± 1.8%; P = 0.03) but lost bone elsewhere. Calcium fell nonsignificantly in the alendronate group between baseline (2.84 ± 0.12 mmol/liter) and 6 wk (2.76 ± 0.09 mmol/liter), with a nonsignificant rise in PTH (baseline, 103.5 ± 14.6 ng/liter; 6 wk, 116.7 ± 15.6 ng/liter). By 3 months, values had reverted to baseline. In primary hyperparathyroidism, alendronate is well tolerated and significantly improves bone mineral density at the LS (with lesser gains at FN and radius), especially within the first year of treatment. Short-term changes in calcium and PTH resolve by 3 months.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density T ‐Score and Nonvertebral Fracture Risk Over 10 Years of Denosumab Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ferrari ◽  
C Libanati ◽  
Celia Jow Fang Lin ◽  
JP Brown ◽  
F Cosman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Nonvertebral Fracture ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Denosumab Treatment

scholarly journals Relationship between body mass index and osteoporosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (suppl. 1) ◽  
pp. 85-88
Author(s):  
Radmila Matijevic ◽  
Vladimir Harhaji ◽  
Srdjan Ninkovic ◽  
Zoran Gojkovic ◽  
Predrag Rasovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
T Score ◽  
The Mean

Introduction. Osteoporosis is a metabolic skeletal disease characterized by bone mineral density reduction, which may lead to an increased risk of bone fractures. Obesity is a condition of excessive body fat that causes or aggravates many public health problems. As it is easy to be measured, body mass index is widely used as an index of the degree of obesity. Material and Methods. The study included 1.372 female orthopedic patients between the ages of 30 to 79 years who visited the Clinical Centre of Vojvodina in Novi Sad to have a dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) examination in the period from March, 2010 to June, 2013. The following anthropometric data were collected: body mass index, body weight, height, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry T-score and bone mineral density (BMD), as well as some other data. Results. The mean age was 62.08 years, the mean weight was 73.59 kg and the mean height was 1.6 m. There were 392 participants in the group of normal body mass index, 14 participants were underweight, and 966 were overweight and obese. In the overweight and obese group, 25.25% participants had osteoporosis, 35.4% had osteopenia and 39.33% had the normal T-score. In the normal body mass index group, 42.34% of the participants had osteoporosis, 29.3% had osteopenia and 28.31 had the normal T-score. In the underweight group, 57.14% of the participants had osteoporosis, 21.42% had osteopenia and 21.42% had the normal T-score. Conclusion. No strong correlation between body mass index and bone mineral density was found in our study, but it is obvious that there was a stronger correlation between body mass index and bone mineral density of the total hip than between body mass index and bone mineral density of the lumbar spine.

scholarly journals Bone mineral density measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in male patients with AIDS

1994 ◽  
Vol 75 (9) ◽  
pp. 1048
Author(s):  
William Murphy ◽  
Norma Muurahainen ◽  
Robert E. Pennington ◽  
John Turner ◽  
Francis J. Bonner
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Male Patients

scholarly journals Comparison of Bone Mineral Densitometry at 2 Sites Versus 3 Sites in Patients Suspicious for Osteoporosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 117954411984901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahad Azami ◽  
Hasan Anari ◽  
Manouchehr Iranparvar ◽  
Amin Azizi ◽  
Afshin Habibzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
T Score ◽  
Femur Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral Densitometry

Objectives: In this study, we aim to evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) results of 2 standard sites with 3 sites including wrist in diagnosing osteoporosis. Methods: We evaluated the BMD results of 1272 individuals referred for suspected osteoporosis between 2012 and 2015. Those individuals were included with BMD at lumbar spine, femur neck, and wrist. Bone mineral density was measured using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) device. Bone mineral density and T score were measured for all 3 sites. Results: There was significant correlation between wrist T score with hip T score ( r = 0.606, P < .001) and lumbar T score ( r = 0.527, P < .001). With BMD of 2 sites, patients had osteopenia in 46.3% and osteoporosis in 23.7%, while by adding wrist T-BMD, subjects had osteopenia in 46.6% and osteoporosis in 33%. Between BMD at 2 sites and 3 sites, there was concordance in 81.9%, minor discordance in 17.6%, and major discordance in 0.5%. Conclusions: We observed discordance between BMD measurements of 2 sites and 3 sites, with latter detecting more cases with osteoporosis. In fact, measurement of T scores of wrist along with lumbar and femur neck improves the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Assessment of BMD and Statistical Analysis for Osteoporosis Detection

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 1907-1914
Author(s):  
S. M. Nazia Fathima ◽  
R. Tamil Selvi ◽  
M. Parisa Beham
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Ultra Sound ◽  
Dual Photon Absorptiometry ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Photon Absorptiometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dexa Scan ◽  
T Score

Biomedical engineering is one of the promising disciplines in engineering that deals with technology advancement in human health. Osteoporosis is a common metabolic disease categorized by decreased bone mass and increased liability to fractures. Bone densitometry is a broad term comprising the art and science of measuring the bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) of particular skeletal sites or the whole body. There are various methods to measure bone mineral density which differs based on the differential absorption of ionizing radiation or the sound waves. The methods are SPA (Single Photon Absorptiometry), DPA (Dual Photon Absorptiometry), SEXA (Single Energy X ray Absorptiometry), DEXA (Dual Energy X ray Absorptiometry), QCT (Quantitative Computed Tomography), QUS (Quantitative Ultra Sound) and RA (Radiographic absorptiometry). The DEXA test can measure the whole body but usually the lower spine and hips. A major disadvantage of DEXA is that currently there is a lack of standardization in bone and soft tissue measurements. Furthermore, for a given manufacturer, results may vary by the model of the instrument, the mode of operation or the version of the software used to analyze the data. In addition to that, DEXA scan images are only for the confirmation of correct positioning of the patient and correct placement of the regions of interest (ROI). Motivated by the above issues, this paper can pave a way for analysis in the measurement of BMD, measurement of T-score, and Z-score from the DEXA scan images. This proposed methodology includes segmentation algorithms such as k means clustering & mean –shift algorithm and comparison of the accuracy of algorithms. Also in addition, a novel mathematical analysis is also proposed to measure the T–score values in DEXA images with a new parameter ‘S’ from BMD values in order to detect the osteoporosis condition accurately.

scholarly journals The Use of CT Hounsfield Unit Values to Identify The Bone Quality in Patients With Cervical Degenerative Diseases.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei He ◽  
Fei Fei Zhou ◽  
Yu Sun ◽  
Wei-Shi Li
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
T Score

Abstract Background It is well known that osteoporosis may lead to the failure of spinal surgery. As the gold standard, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is used to evaluate the overall bone mineral density (BMD). Previous studies have used CT (Computed tomography) value to evaluate local bone mineral density. The objective of this study was to investigate the application value of cervical CT value in preoperative bone quality evaluation of cervical degenerative diseases. Methods A total of 939 patients who received surgical treatment for cervical degenerative diseases in our center from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The Hounsfield unit (HU) values were measured in middle transverse CT images of the C2–C7 on the picture archiving and communication system (PACS), and the total bone mineral density T-score of L1–L4 was obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The changes in the HU values of C2–C7 were observed, the correlation between the HU value of C2–C7 and the total BMD T-score of L1–L4 was analyzed, and the HU thresholds of C2–C7 for different T-scores (-2.5 < T-score <-1 or T-score ≤2.5, respectively) were identified. Results The HU values of C2–C7 show a decreasing trend. The mean HU value of C2–C7 was 322.52 ± 89.27 HU. The average BMD T-score of L1-L4 was -0.73. The average HU value of C2–C7 was positively correlated with the average BMD T-score of L1–L4 (r = 0.487, P < 0.001). The HU threshold of C2–C7 was 269 HU when -2.5＜T-score＜-1, and it had a sensitivity of 75.7% and a specificity of 59.8% when used for screening for osteopenia; the HU threshold of C2–C7 was 269H U when T-score ≤-2.5, and it had a sensitivity of 63.8% and a specificity of 80.8% when used for screening for osteoporosis. Conclusions The HU values of cervical vertebrae gradually decrease from C2 to C7 in patients undergoing surgical treatment for cervical degenerative disorders. The CT HU value of cervical vertebrae is positively correlated with the BMD T-score provided by lumbar DXA, which is helpful for clinical evaluation of bone quality before surgery.

scholarly journals AB0908 ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF THE LEAN MASS WITH BODY COMPOSITION BY DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY ON THE BONE MINERAL DENSITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1756.3-1756
Author(s):  
M. Nikolov ◽  
N. Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
T Score ◽  
The Impact

Background:Lean mass, mainly composed of muscle, has been correlated to bone mineral density (BMD) [4]. Studies reported that lean mass has an important impact on BMD not only in young women but also in postmenopausal women [1]. High lean mass is more favorable for the BMD than low lean mass. Some studies suggested that genetic factors responsible for both lean mass and BMD are shared [3]. Low muscle mass and low BMD could impair the quality of the patient’s life [2, 5].Objectives:The aim of this study is to assess the impact of the lean mass with body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry on the bone mineral density.Methods:107 women underwent body composition analysis by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Lean mass in kg and BMD in kg/cm2 were analyzed. Normal BMD was defined as T-score > -1.0 standard deviation (SD). Osteopenia was defined as T-score between -1.0 SDs and -2.5 SDs and osteoporosis was defined as T-score ≤ - 2.5 SDs.Results:The mean age of the women was 57 years (yrs.) ± 11 yrs. (range 41 yrs. – 80 yrs.). Subjects had mean weight of 75 kg ± 12 kg (range 50 kg – 110 kg) and mean height of 156 cm ± 9 cm (range 151 cm – 172 cm). 73/107 women (68.2%) were with normal BMD, 24/107 women (22.4%) were with osteopenia and 10/107 women (9.4%) were with osteoporosis. Lean mass differed significantly between the groups (p = 0.000). Women with normal BMD had the highest mean lean mass (58.47 kg) and the mean lean mass of the women with osteopenia and osteoporosis decreased as follow: 47.56 kg for women with osteopenia and 36.22 kg for women with osteoporosis.Conclusion:Women with osteoporosis have the lowest lean mass compared to the women with osteopenia and osteoporosis.References:[1]Ilesanmi-Oyelere BL, Coad J, Roy N, Kruger MC. Lean Body Mass in the Prediction of Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Women. Biores Open Access. 2018;7(1):150–158. Published 2018 Oct 10. doi:10.1089/biores.2018.0025.[2]Kirilov N., Vladeva SG, Kirilova E. Assessment on the Improvement of the Quality of Life after One Year of Regular Physical Activity and Treatment in Patients with Postmenopausal OsteoporosisCOR 2017: 19th International Conference on Orthopedics and Rheumatology Miami, USA March 9 - 10, 2017, WASET, Paper Code 17US030051.[3]Nguyen TV, Howard GM, Kelly PJ, Eisman JA. Bone mass, lean mass, and fat mass: same genes or same environments? Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Jan 1;147(1):3-16.[4]Patel HP, Dawson A, Westbury LD, et al. Muscle Mass, Muscle Morphology and Bone Health Among Community-Dwelling Older Men: Findings from the Hertfordshire Sarcopenia Study (HSS). Calcif Tissue Int. 2018;103(1):35–43. doi:10.1007/s00223-018-0388-2.[5]Kirilova E, Kirilov N, Vladeva S. A study on the physical activity in women with decreased bone mineral density. Abstract book 13thscience conference MC, PlevenDisclosure of Interests:None declared

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