scholarly journals Dynamic shape changes of ECM-producing cells drive morphogenesis of ball-and-socket joints in the fly leg

Development ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 137 (12) ◽  
pp. 2055-2063 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Tajiri ◽  
K. Misaki ◽  
S. Yonemura ◽  
S. Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Shape Changes ◽  
Dynamic Shape

scholarly journals Bottom Dressing by a Dual-Arm Robot Using a Clothing State Estimation Based on Dynamic Shape Changes

10.5772/61930 ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimitoshi Yamazaki ◽  
Ryosuke Oya ◽  
Kotaro Nagahama ◽  
Kei Okada ◽  
Masayuki Inaba
Keyword(s):  
State Estimation ◽  
Dual Arm Robot ◽  
Dual Arm ◽  
Shape Changes ◽  
Dynamic Shape

Atom-Resolved Imaging of Dynamic Shape Changes in Supported Copper Nanocrystals

Science ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 295 (5562) ◽  
pp. 2053-2055 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Shape Changes ◽  
Dynamic Shape

scholarly journals Dynamic shape changes of cytoplasmic organelles translocating along microtubules.

1987 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 1267-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Kachar ◽  
P C Bridgman ◽  
T S Reese
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Viscous Medium ◽  
Cross Bridge ◽  
Bridge Structures ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes ◽  
Shape Changes ◽  
Dynamic Shape ◽  
Fast Freezing ◽  
As If

Transient shape changes of organelles translocating along microtubules are directly visualized in thinly spread cytoplasmic processes of the marine foraminifer. Allogromia laticollaris, by a combination of high-resolution video-enhanced microscopy and fast-freezing electron microscopy. The interacting side of the organelle flattens upon binding to a microtubule, as if to maximize contact with it. Organelles typically assume a teardrop shape while moving, as if they were dragged through a viscous medium. Associated microtubules bend around attachments of the teardrop-shaped organelles, suggesting that they too are acted on by the forces deforming the organelles. An 18-nm gap between the organelles and the microtubules is periodically bridged by 10-nm-thick cross-bridge structures that may be responsible for the binding and motive forces deforming organelles and microtubules.

scholarly journals Geometric models to explore mechanisms of dynamic shape change in skeletal muscle

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 172371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor J. M. Dick ◽  
James M. Wakeling
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Shape Change ◽  
Geometric Constraints ◽  
Muscle Performance ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Type Model ◽  
Length Changes ◽  
Shape Changes ◽  
Dynamic Shape

Skeletal muscle bulges when it contracts. These three-dimensional (3D) dynamic shape changes play an important role in muscle performance by altering the range of fascicle velocities over which a muscle operates. However traditional muscle models are one-dimensional (1D) and cannot fully explain in vivo shape changes. In this study we compared medial gastrocnemius behaviour during human cycling (fascicle length changes and rotations) predicted by a traditional 1D Hill-type model and by models that incorporate two-dimensional (2D) and 3D geometric constraints to in vivo measurements from B-mode ultrasound during a range of mechanical conditions ranging from 14 to 44 N m and 80 to 140 r.p.m. We found that a 1D model predicted fascicle lengths and pennation angles similar to a 2D model that allowed the aponeurosis to stretch, and to a 3D model that allowed for aponeurosis stretch and variable shape changes to occur. This suggests that if the intent of a model is to predict fascicle behaviour alone, then the traditional 1D Hill-type model may be sufficient. Yet, we also caution that 1D models are limited in their ability to infer the mechanisms by which shape changes influence muscle mechanics. To elucidate the mechanisms governing muscle shape change, future efforts should aim to develop imaging techniques able to characterize whole muscle 3D geometry in vivo during active contractions.

A system for dynamic shape measurements during laser processing

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Reeves ◽  
Maria D Stoikou ◽  
Andrew J Moore ◽  
Duncan P Hand ◽  
J. R. Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Processing ◽  
Dynamic Shape
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