ribbon encodes a novel BTB/POZ protein required for directed cell migration in Drosophila melanogaster

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (15) ◽  
pp. 3001-3015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela L. Bradley ◽  
Deborah J. Andrew
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Directed Cell Migration ◽  
Posterior Migration ◽  
And Function ◽  
Dorsal Epidermis ◽  
Anterior Posterior

During development, directed cell migration is crucial for achieving proper shape and function of organs. One well-studied example is the embryonic development of the larval tracheal system of Drosophila, in which at least four signaling pathways coordinate cell migration to form an elaborate branched network essential for oxygen delivery throughout the larva. FGF signaling is required for guided migration of all tracheal branches, whereas the DPP, EGF receptor, and Wingless/WNT signaling pathways each mediate the formation of specific subsets of branches. Here, we characterize ribbon, which encodes a BTB/POZ-containing protein required for specific tracheal branch migration. In ribbon mutant tracheae, the dorsal trunk fails to form, and ventral branches are stunted; however, directed migrations of the dorsal and visceral branches are largely unaffected. The dorsal trunk also fails to form when FGF or Wingless/WNT signaling is lost, and we show that ribbon functions downstream of, or parallel to, these pathways to promote anterior-posterior migration. Directed cell migration of the salivary gland and dorsal epidermis are also affected in ribbon mutants, suggesting that conserved mechanisms may be employed to orient cell migrations in multiple tissues during development.

Sprouty: a common antagonist of FGF and EGF signaling pathways in Drosophila

Development ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 126 (11) ◽  
pp. 2515-2525 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kramer ◽  
M. Okabe ◽  
N. Hacohen ◽  
M.A. Krasnow ◽  
Y. Hiromi
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Intracellular Signaling ◽  
Cellular Proliferation ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Follicle Cells ◽  
Chordotonal Organ ◽  
Fgf Signaling ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Egf Signaling

Extracellular factors such as FGF and EGF control various aspects of morphogenesis, patterning and cellular proliferation in both invertebrates and vertebrates. In most systems, it is primarily the distribution of these factors that controls the differential behavior of the responding cells. Here we describe the role of Sprouty in eye development. Sprouty is an extracellular protein that has been shown to antagonize FGF signaling during tracheal branching in Drosophila. It is a novel type of protein with a highly conserved cysteine-rich region. In addition to the embryonic tracheal system, sprouty is also expressed in other tissues including the developing eye imaginal disc, embryonic chordotonal organ precursors and the midline glia. In each of these tissues, EGF receptor signaling is known to participate in the control of the correct number of neurons or glia. We show that, in all three tissues, the loss of sprouty results in supernumerary neurons or glia, respectively. Furthermore, overexpression of sprouty in wing veins and ovarian follicle cells, two other tissues where EGF signaling is required for patterning, results in phenotypes that resemble the loss-of-function phenotypes of Egf receptor. These results suggest that Sprouty acts as an antagonist of EGF as well as FGF signaling pathways. These receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated pathways may share not only intracellular signaling components but also extracellular factors that modulate the strength of the signal.

scholarly journals An Uncleavable uPAR Mutant Allows Dissection of Signaling Pathways in uPA-dependent Cell Migration

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 367-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Mazzieri ◽  
Silvia D'Alessio ◽  
Richard Kamgang Kenmoe ◽  
Liliana Ossowski ◽  
Francesco Blasi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Erk Activation ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Extracellular Signal ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
Epidermal Growth

Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) binding to uPAR induces migration, adhesion, and proliferation through multiple interactions with G proteins-coupled receptor FPRL1, integrins, or the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR). At least two forms of uPAR are present on the cell surface: full-length and cleaved uPAR, each specifically interacting with one or more transmembrane proteins. The connection between these interactions and the effects on the signaling pathways activation is not clear. We have exploited an uPAR mutant (hcr, human cleavage resistant) to dissect the pathways involved in uPA-induced cell migration. This mutant is not cleaved by proteases, is glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchored, and binds uPA with a normal Kd. Both wild-type (wt) and hcr-uPAR are able to mediate uPA-induced migration, are constitutively associated with the EGFR, and associate with α3β1 integrin upon uPA binding. However, they engage different pathways in response to uPA. wt-uPAR requires both integrins and FPRL1 to mediate uPA-induced migration, and association of wt-uPAR to α3β1 results in uPAR cleavage and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. On the contrary, hcr-uPAR does not activate ERK and does not engage FPRL1 or any other G protein-coupled receptor, but it activates an alternative pathway initiated by the formation of a triple complex (uPAR-α3β1-EGFR) and resulting in the autotyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR.

scholarly journals A C. elegans Myc-like network cooperates with semaphorin and Wnt signaling pathways to control cell migration

2007 ◽  
Vol 310 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher L. Pickett ◽  
Kevin T. Breen ◽  
Donald E. Ayer
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
C Elegans

Hedgehog signaling patterns the tracheal branches

Development ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 128 (9) ◽  
pp. 1599-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Glazer ◽  
B.Z. Shilo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Hedgehog Signaling ◽  
Egf Receptor ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Fixed Number ◽  
Branching Pattern ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Tracheal Cell ◽  
Distinct Cell

The elaborate branching pattern of the Drosophila tracheal system originates from ten tracheal placodes on both sides of the embryo, each consisting of about 80 cells. Simultaneous cell migration from each tracheal pit in six different directions gives rise to the stereotyped branching pattern. Each branch contains a fixed number of cells. Previous work has shown that in the dorsoventral axis, localized activation of the Dpp, Wnt and EGF receptor (DER) pathways, subdivides the tracheal pit into distinct domains. We present the role of the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling system in patterning the tracheal branches. Hh is expressed in segmental stripes abutting the anterior border of the tracheal placodes. Induction of patched expression, which results from activation by Hh, demonstrates that cells in the anterior half of the tracheal pit are activated. In hh-mutant embryos migration of all tracheal branches is absent or stalled. These defects arise from a direct effect of Hh on tracheal cells, rather than by indirect effects on patterning of the ectoderm. Tracheal cell migration could be rescued by expressing Hh only in the tracheal cells, without rescuing the ectodermal defects. Signaling by several pathways, including the Hh pathway, thus serves to subdivide the uniform population of tracheal cells into distinct cell types that will subsequently be recruited into the different branches.

scholarly journals Canonical Wnt Signaling and Its Antagonist Regulate Anterior-Posterior Axis Polarization by Guiding Cell Migration in Mouse Visceral Endoderm

2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiharu Kimura-Yoshida ◽  
Hiroshi Nakano ◽  
Daiji Okamura ◽  
Kazuki Nakao ◽  
Shigenobu Yonemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Visceral Endoderm ◽  
Canonical Wnt Signaling ◽  
Canonical Wnt ◽  
Anterior Posterior ◽  
Anterior Posterior Axis
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