scholarly journals Associated changes in the size and number of mitochondria present in the midgut of the larvae of the housefly, Musca domestica and phospholipid composition of the larvae

1978 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
R.S. Sohal ◽  
R.G. Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Musca Domestica ◽  
Base Composition ◽  
Opposite Effect ◽  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phospholipid Composition ◽  
Larval Diet ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Mitochondrial Distribution ◽  
Mitochondrial Volume ◽  
Average Size

A possible relationship between the phospholipid base composition of larvae of the housefly and the size, number and total volume of midgut mitochondria was examined. The phospholipid composition of the larvae was altered by restricting the amount of choline, substituting choline by N-dimethylethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)-ammonium salt or 2-N-dimethylaminoethanol and by the addition of 2-aminobutan-1-ol to the larval diet. Mitochondrial measurements were made on electron micrographs of the epithelial cells in the midgut of third instar larvae. Reduction in the normal proportion of phosphatidylcholine in the phospholipids of the larvae was associated with an increase in the average size of the mitochondria and a decrease in their number, probably due to enhanced mitochondrial fusion. The opposite effect was noted when phosphatidyl-2-aminobutan-1-ol was present as a part replacement of the phosphatidyl-ethanolamine normally present in the larvae. Larvae which contained both phosphatidyl-2-aminobutan-1-ol as well as reduced amounts of phosphatidylcholine, contained mitochondria which were intermediate in both size and number. The effects associated with the changes in phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyl-2-aminobutan-1-ol were independent of each other. The presence of the analogue of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidyldimethylaminoethanol had no significant effect on the mitochondrial distribution. Total mitochondrial volume remained unaffected by alterations in the phospholipid composition of the larvae.

Radiation Response of a 12YWT Nanostructured Ferritic Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Miller ◽  
David Hoelzer ◽  
Kaye F. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Irradiation ◽  
Ferritic Steel ◽  
Atom Probe ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Radiation Response ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Average Size

AbstractIn order to evaluate the radiation response of 12YWT nanostructured ferritic steel to high dose neutron irradiation, the solute distribution, and size, number density, and compositions of nanoclusters in the unirradiated condition and after neutron irradiation to a dose of 3 dpa at a controlled temperature of 600 °C were estimated by atom probe tomography. No statistical difference in the average size or size distribution of the nanoclusters was found between the unirradiated and irradiated conditions. Therefore, these nanostructured ferritic steels are promising candidate materials for use under extreme conditions in future generations of advanced reactors.

scholarly journals Sickled erythrocytes accelerate clotting in vitro: an effect of abnormal membrane lipid asymmetry

Blood ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 398-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Chiu ◽  
B Lubin ◽  
B Roelofsen ◽  
LL van Deenen
Keyword(s):  
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine ◽  
Phospholipid Composition ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Phosphatidyl Serine ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Clotting Time ◽  
Blood Coagulation Factors ◽  
Intact Cells ◽  
Lipid Asymmetry

Abstract A membrane lipid abnormality induced by sickling and found as a permanent alteration in the irreversibly sickled cell (ISC) is the rearrangement of phosphatidyl ethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidyl serine (PS) from the inner to the exterior side of the lipid bilayer. Since PS can provide a catalytic surface for the binding of blood coagulation factors and thus can exhibit procoagulant activity, we investigated the influence of oxy and deoxy reversibly sickled cells (RSC) ass well as ISC on clotting in vitro. Red blood cells (RBC), as the source of phospholipid, were added to platelet-poor citrated plasma containing Russell's viper venom (RVV) and clotting time was measured after recalcification. The clotting time after addition of normal RBC and oxy- RSC was similar to the saline blank (100 sec). In contrast, both oxy- ISC and deoxy completely sickled RSC shortened clotting time by 30%. Using liposomes prepared with identical phospholipid composition to the outer lipid leaflet of either normal RBC, RSC or ISC clotting times similar to those with intact cells were achieved. Since the liposomes did not contain protein, accentuation of clotting appears to be related to abnormal phospholipid organization, in particular to the abnormal exposure to aminophospholipids on the outer surface of the membrane. This abnormality may contribute to the pathogenesis of the vaso- occlusive episode in sickle cell anemia.

scholarly journals The Incidence Of Tori In Malaysians- A Retrospective Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Subhi Shareif Alani
Keyword(s):  
P Value ◽  
Significant Finding ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Torus Palatinus ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Digital Caliper

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of torus palatinus and torus mandibularis in Malaysians. The objectives are to evaluate the incidence of tori according to ethnicity, to assess the incidence of tori according to gender and to determine the incidence of torus palatinus vs torus mandibularis. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in MAHSA Dental Clinic by collecting the data of 97 patients (15-74 years old) with 133 torus palatinus and torus mandibularis (2008-2014). Data included patient's age, race, gender, presence of the tori with their size; number and location. The presence of tori was confirmed by clinical inspection. Subjects were classified by their ethnicity as well as location of the tori. Impression and study casts were made for assessment of the size and shape of the tori. The tori were measured by A digital caliper and average size was graded by Reichart's classification. The data analyzed by Chi-Square test Results:  Out of the 133 cases; 40% were Malay, 37% were Chinese and 23% were Indians with no significant finding (p-value=0.2783). 47.4% of the subjects were from the third decade of life. Male to female ratio 1:2 with 37% male and 63% female. Among all the cases, 53% were torus palatinus, 19% were torus mandibularis and 28% had both. Larger size of tori was found in Malays. Conclusion(s):  The frequency of tori is relatively high in Malaysian population but unrelated to ethnicity. The etiology of tori seems to be multifactorial in nature and needs more researches to unravel.

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