Specialized landing maneuvers in Spix's disk-winged bats (Thyroptera tricolor) reveal linkage between roosting ecology and landing biomechanics

BACKGROUND: It remains unclear if plyometric training as a single component could improve landing mechanics that are potentially associated with lower risk of ACL injury in the long term OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of experience undertaking plyometrics on landing biomechanics in female athletes. METHODS: Non-jumpers with little experience in plyometric training (12 female college swimmers) and jumpers with five years of experience in plyometric training (12 female college long jumpers and high jumpers) were recruited to participate in two testing sessions: an isokinetic muscle force test for the dominant leg at 120∘/s and a 40-cm drop landing test. An independent t test was applied to detect any significant effects between cohorts for selected muscle force, kinematic, kinetic, and electromyography variables. RESULTS: While female jumpers exhibited greater quadriceps eccentric strength (P= 0.013) and hamstring concentric strength (P= 0.023) during isokinetic testing than female swimmers, no significant differences were observed in kinematics, kinetics, and muscle activities during both drop landing and drop jumping. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the female jumpers did not present any training-induced modification in landing mechanics regarding reducing injury risks compared with the swimmers. The current study revealed that plyometric training as a single component may not guarantee the development of low-risk landing mechanics for young female athletes.

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Ground Reaction Forces and Kinematics of Ski Jump Landing Using Wearable Sensors

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19092011 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (9) ◽

pp. 2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Bessone ◽

Petrat ◽

Schwirtz

Keyword(s):

Wearable Sensors ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Ground Reaction Forces ◽

Inertial Motion ◽

Jump Landing ◽

The Past ◽

Landing Biomechanics ◽

Reaction Forces ◽

The Hill ◽

Kinematics And Kinetics

In the past, technological issues limited research focused on ski jump landing. Today, thanks to the development of wearable sensors, it is possible to analyze the biomechanics of athletes without interfering with their movements. The aims of this study were twofold. Firstly, the quantification of the kinetic magnitude during landing is performed using wireless force insoles while 22 athletes jumped during summer training on the hill. In the second part, the insoles were combined with inertial motion units (IMUs) to determine the possible correlation between kinematics and kinetics during landing. The maximal normal ground reaction force (GRFmax) ranged between 1.1 and 5.3 body weight per foot independently when landing using the telemark or parallel leg technique. The GRFmax and impulse were correlated with flying time (p < 0.001). The hip flexions/extensions and the knee and hip rotations of the telemark front leg correlated with GRFmax (r = 0.689, p = 0.040; r = −0.670, p = 0.048; r = 0.820, p = 0.007; respectively). The force insoles and their combination with IMUs resulted in promising setups to analyze landing biomechanics and to provide in-field feedback to the athletes, being quick to place and light, without limiting movement.

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Roost-site selection and roosting ecology of forest-dwelling bats in southern British Columbia

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z96-200 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 74 (10) ◽

pp. 1797-1805 ◽

Cited By ~ 144

Author(s):

Maarten J. Vonhof ◽

Robert M. R. Barclay

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Ponderosa Pine ◽

Tree Height ◽

Canopy Closure ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

White Pine ◽

Roosting Ecology ◽

Site Preferences ◽

Roost Trees ◽

Lasionycteris Noctivagans

We used radiotelemetry to examine the roost-site preferences of four species of tree-roosting bats (Eptesicus fuscus, Lasionycteris noctivagans, Myotis evotis, and M. volans) in southern British Columbia, Canada, by radio-tracking bats to their day roosts. We found a total of 21 roost trees: 14 roosts were beneath loose bark, 5 were in cavities excavated by woodpeckers, and 2 were in natural cavities. Entrance height increased with tree height, but roost entrances tended to be situated below the level of the canopy. Of the 22 tree and site variables examined, only 3 significantly discriminated between roost trees and available trees: tree height, distance to the nearest available tree, and percent canopy closure. Bats preferred tall trees associated with low percent canopy closure and a short distance to the nearest available tree. Bats roosted in western white pine, and to a lesser extent ponderosa pine and western larch, in intermediate stages of decay more often than would be expected at random. Bats switched roosts frequently. The distance between subsequent roost trees was short, suggesting a degree of fidelity to a particular group of trees or area of forest. The number of days of rain during the roosting period significantly influenced the number of days spent in a particular roost, and thus ambient conditions may restrict the frequency with which bats can switch roosts.

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Roosting Ecology of Female Townsend's Big-Eared Bats (Corynorhinus townsendii) in South-Eastern British Columbia: Implications for Conservation Management

Northwestern Naturalist ◽

10.1898/nwn09-08.1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 215-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aaron Reid ◽

Thomas Hill ◽

Ross Clarke ◽

John Gwilliam ◽

John Krebs

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Conservation Management ◽

South Eastern ◽

Corynorhinus Townsendii ◽

Roosting Ecology

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Individuals with chronic ankle instability exhibit dynamic postural stability deficits and altered unilateral landing biomechanics: A systematic review

Physical Therapy in Sport ◽

10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.06.003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 210-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jeffrey D. Simpson ◽

Ethan M. Stewart ◽

David M. Macias ◽

Harish Chander ◽

Adam C. Knight

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Postural Stability ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Chronic Ankle Instability ◽

Landing Biomechanics ◽

Dynamic Postural Stability

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Morcegos da região sul do Brasil: análise comparativa da riqueza de espécies, novos registros e atualizações nomenclaturais (Mammalia, Chiroptera)

Iheringia Série Zoologia ◽

10.1590/s0073-47212010000100004 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 100 (1) ◽

pp. 25-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Fernando C. Passos ◽

João M. D. Miranda ◽

Itiberê P. Bernardi ◽

Nathalia Y. Kaku-Oliveira ◽

Luana C. Munster

Keyword(s):

Rio Grande ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Santa Catarina ◽

Trachops Cirrhosus ◽

Thyroptera Tricolor

Uma análise comparativa da riqueza de espécies de morcegos da Região Sul do Brasil é apresentada, assim como análises de similaridades entre estados. O estado do Paraná apresentou a maior riqueza de espécies de morcegos, com 64 espécies, seguido por Santa Catarina com 46 e pelo Rio Grande do Sul com 40. A família Phyllostomidae influencia fortemente este padrão de riqueza. As distribuições geográficas de Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823), Artibeus cinereus (Gervais, 1851) e Thyroptera tricolor Spix, 1823 são ampliadas até o Paraná, estabelecendo um novo limite sul de distribuição dessas espécies e da família Thyropteridae. Além disso, Myotis dinellii Thomas, 1902 foi registrado pela primeira vez no Brasil, em Santa Catarina e no Rio Grande do Sul, estabelecendo um novo limite leste para sua distribuição. Ainda, é ampliada a distribuição de Eptesicus taddeii Miranda, Bernardi & Passos, 2006 a partir de seu primeiro registro no estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Uma lista atualizada dos morcegos dos estados sul-brasileiros é apresentada bem como algumas adequações nomenclaturais. É enfatizada a importância do emprego de maiores esforços de campo para levantamentos da quiropterofauna, que assim podem contribuir para medidas de conservação embasadas em inventariamentos e coleções científicas representativas.

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RABIES PREVALENCE IN MIGRATORY TREE-BATS IN ALBERTA AND THE INFLUENCE OF ROOSTING ECOLOGY AND SAMPLING METHOD ON REPORTED PREVALENCE OF RABIES IN BATS

Journal of Wildlife Diseases ◽

10.7589/0090-3558-47.1.64 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 64-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Brandon J. Klug ◽

Amy S. Turmelle ◽

James A. Ellison ◽

Erin F. Baerwald ◽

Robert M. R. Barclay

Keyword(s):

Sampling Method ◽

Roosting Ecology ◽

Migratory Tree Bats

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Constant-frequency and frequency-modulated components in the echolocation calls of three species of small bats (Emballonuridae, Thyropteridae, and Vespertilionidae)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z99-168 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 77 (12) ◽

pp. 1891-1900 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

M B Fenton ◽

J Rydell ◽

M J Vonhof ◽

J Eklöf ◽

W C Lancaster

Keyword(s):

Single Frequency ◽

Constant Frequency ◽

Field Station ◽

Echolocation Calls ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Low Duty Cycle ◽

Frequency Components ◽

Ca 50 ◽

Higher Harmonic ◽

Thyroptera Tricolor

The echolocation calls of Rhychonycteris naso (Emballonuridae), Thyroptera tricolor (Thyropteridae), and Myotis riparius (Vespertilionidae) were recorded at the Cãno Palma Field Station in Costa Rica in February 1998. All three species produced echolocation calls at low duty cycle (signal on ~10% of the time). While T. tricolor produced low-intensity echolocation calls that were barely detectable when the bats were <0.5 m from the microphone, the other two species produced high-intensity calls, readily detectable at distances >5 m. Myotis riparius produced calls that swept from about 120 kHz to just over 50 kHz in about 2 ms. We found no evidence of harmonics in these calls. Rhynchonycteris naso and T. tricolor produced multiharmonic echolocation calls. In R. naso the calls included narrowband and broadband components and varied in bandwidth, sweeping from just under 100 kHz to around 75 kHz in over 5 ms. Most calls were dominated by the higher harmonic (ca. 100 kHz), but some also included a lower one (ca. 50 kHz). The calls of T. tricolor were 5-10 ms long and dominated by a single frequency (ca. 45 kHz), sometimes with a ca. 25 kHz component. The echolocation calls of all three species included frequency-modulated and constant-frequency components. While these terms describe the components of the echolocation calls, they do not necessarily describe the bats' echolocation behaviour.

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