Recent x-ray diffraction studies of metal fatigue in Japan

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Metal Fatigue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Non Destructive

This paper describes results of several recent studies, carried out in Japan, on metal-fatigue problems using X-ray diffraction techniques. The subjects covered are the effect of residual stress on fatigue strength, non-destructive detection of fatigue damage from information supplied by X-ray diffraction, and X-ray microbeam analysis of stress and strain near the tips of fatigue cracks and fracture surfaces. The usefulness of the X-ray approach to fatigue problems is emphasized and possible future developments are suggested.

X-Ray Diffraction Determination of Metallurgical Damage in Turbo Blower Rotor Shafts

1988 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Porter ◽  
Dan O. Morehouse ◽  
Mike Brauss ◽  
Robert R. Hosbons ◽  
John H. Root ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Turbo Blower ◽  
Diffraction Determination ◽  
Defence Research ◽  
Stress Profiles ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractStudies have been ongoing at Defence Research Establishment Atlantic on the evaluation of non-destructive techniques for residual stress determination in structures. These techniques have included neutron diffraction, x-ray diffraction and blind-hole drilling. In conjunction with these studies, the applicability of these procedures to aid in metallurgical and failure analysis investigations has been explored. The x-ray diffraction technique was applied to investigate the failure mechanism in several bent turbo blower rotor shafts. All examinations had to be non-destructive in nature as the shafts were considered repairable. It was determined that residual stress profiles existed in the distorted shafts which strongly indicated the presence of martensitic microstuctures. These microstructures are considered unacceptable for these shafts due to the potential for cracking or in-service residual stress relaxation which could lead to future shaft distortion.

Non-destructive Surface Residual Stress Profiling by Multireflection Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction: a 7050 Al Alloy Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
V. A. N. Righetti ◽  
T. M. B. Campos ◽  
L. B. Robatto ◽  
R. R. Rego ◽  
G. P. Thim
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Residual Stress ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive

Review of Residual Stress Determination and Exploitation Techniques Using X-Ray Diffraction Method

2006 ◽  
Vol 524-525 ◽  
pp. 229-234
Author(s):  
M. Belassel ◽  
J. Pineault ◽  
M.E. Brauss
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Stress Determination ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
True Meaning ◽  
The Difference

Although x-ray diffraction techniques have been applied to the measurement of residual stress in the industry for decades, some of the related details are still unclear to many production and mechanical testing engineers working in the field. This is because these details, specifically those associated with the transition between diffraction and mechanics, are not always emphasized in the literature. This paper will emphasize the appropriate calculation methods and the steps necessary to perform high quality residual stress measurements. Additionally, details are given regarding the difference between mechanical and x-ray elastic constants, as well as the true meaning of stress and strain from both diffraction and strain gage point of view. Cases where the material is subject to loading above the yield limit are also included.

X-Bridge Project: Development of a New Methodology for the Monitoring of Steel Bridges

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 1537-1541
Author(s):  
G.Paolo Marconi ◽  
Fabio Remondino ◽  
Belén Jiménez Fenández-Palacios ◽  
Marco Cozzini
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Steel Bridges ◽  
Bridge Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Non Destructive

The main aim of this paper is to describe the results obtained applying a new methodology developed in order to assess the presence of overloaded areas in steel bridges. The methodology is based on the principle that if the load applied (also just once) in a particular area is higher than the yield strength, it changes the residual stress in this area, inducing a different value of stress if compared with the other areas not overloaded. Using X-Ray diffraction it is possible to detect the value of residual stress on the surface of metals, also in small areas, in a non-destructive way. Therefore this technology is used to detect the presence of overloaded areas on steel bridges. As the areas sampled from X-Ray diffraction are very small (1-2 millimeters of diameter) compared with the dimensions of a bridge, it is necessary to know exactly the position of the areas subjected to the maximum load during the life of the bridge. For this reason FEM analysis are previously conducted in order to evaluate maximum load regions. The construction drawings necessary to perform the FEM analysis are not always available, especially for old bridges, therefore reality-based 3D models are created this problem. Such method is also useful by itself, as beside providing suitable drawings for the FEM analysis, it allows to quickly identify possible large deformations of the bridge structure.

scholarly journals An Expert System for the Validation and Interpretation of X-ray Residual Stress Data

1990 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Tricard ◽  
Robert W. Hendricks ◽  
Marc Guillot
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Expert System ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Database Access ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Know How ◽  
Computer Assistance ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractAlthough widely recognized in the research community as one of the most accurate non-destructive methods for the determination of . residual stress in polycrystalline structural materials, x-ray diffraction has not been widely adopted in the field. This is partly due to the fact that such measurements require, most often, a well trained user with knowledge in both materials and mechanical sciences in addition to the specific know-how of the instrument. We believe that computer assistance could contribute to the promotion of this technique by increasing the productivity and accuracy of these measurements. We have developed a prototype expert system, using Nexpert Object's shell, to assist a non-trained operator in the validation and interpretation of X-ray diffraction residual stress data.The present work describes this prototype which has been designed to confirm the feasibility of the concept. Its knowledge base contains relevant examples of the rules necessary for data validation. The prototype has also confirmed most of the concepts required for the implementation of a full-scale version by evaluating all of the major technical features such as graphics representation, external routines and database access.

Methodology for Measurement of Residual Stress in Welded Joints by the Technique of Pulse-Echo Ultrasound

2014 ◽  
Vol 1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ballesteros-Hinojosa ◽  
J.J. Ruíz- Mondragón ◽  
J. Acevedo-Dávila ◽  
F. Macias-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X65 Steel ◽  
Api 5L X65 Steel ◽  
Pulse Echo ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

ABSTRACTRecently they have discovered a large number of oil wells, however these are found in deeper waters. So it is necessary to develop a repair's methodology and inspection for this type of system to prove its operation. This research was focused to establish a methodology for evaluating residual stress generated from the application of solder in a subsea environment, in order to establish whether there is a relationship between residual stress and the depth of the sea. For this purpose was used underwater electrodes (UW -CS- 1) and an API 5L X65 steel to the development of underwater welds, which was welded at 10 and 15 meters depth by a diver welder on site. The measurement of residual stress is developed using non-destructive techniques, the first one was ultrasound technique (UT) which was the technique proposed by viability to being applied in site and as a second option, was applied X-ray diffraction (XRD), with the objective to validate the results obtained by ultrasound technician. The results showed a similar behavior between both non-destructive techniques. In this study was observed the tendency to increase the level of residual stress with increasing the work depth.

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