439 OVERESTIMATION OF BODY FAT FROM ESTIMATED RESIDUAL LUNG VOLUME MEASURES IN PARAPLEGIC WHEELCHAIR ATHLETES

Background:Three-dimensional photonic scanning (3DPS) was recently developed to measuredimensions of a human body surface. Objective:The purpose of this study was to explore the validity of bodyvolume measured by 3DPS for estimating the percent body fat (%fat). Design, setting, participants, andmeasurement:The body volumes were determined by 3DPS in 52 women. The body volume was corrected forresidual lung volume. The %fat was estimated from body density and compared with the corresponding referencevalue determined by the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results:No significant difference was foundfor the mean values of %fat obtained by 3DPS (22.2 ± 7.6%) and DXA (23.5 ± 4.9%). The root mean squareerror of %fat between 3DPS and reference technique was 6.0%. For each body segment, there was a significantpositive correlation between 3DPS- and DXA-values, although the corresponding value for the head was slightlylarger in 3DPS than in DXA. Residual lung volume was negatively correlated with the estimated error in %fat.Conclusions:The body volume determined with 3DPS is potentially useful for estimating %fat. A possiblestrategy for enhancing the measurement accuracy of %fat might be to refine the protocol for preparing thesubject’s hair prior to scanning and to improve the accuracy in the measurement of residual lung volume.

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Underwater Weighing Familiarization Program for Adults with Prader-Willi Syndrome

Adapted Physical Activity Quarterly ◽

10.1123/apaq.19.2.188 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 188-198

Author(s):

Christopher C. Draheim ◽

Bruce L. Bakke ◽

Robert C. Serfass ◽

Paul V. Snyder ◽

Ava J. Walker

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Lung Volume ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Reliability Coefficient ◽

Percent Body Fat ◽

Prader Willi Syndrome ◽

Repeated Measures Anova ◽

Significant Difference

The purpose of the project was to evaluate an underwater weighing (UWW) and residual lung volume (RV) familiarization program developed for adults with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). UWW was conducted on 15 adults (10 men, 5 women) with PWS following a UWW familiarization program. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed no difference in percent body fat derived from UWW over the four sessions, F(3, 27) = 0.80, p = .505, with an intraclass reliability coefficient of R = .93. There was, however, a significant difference in RV, F(3, 27) = 5.25, p = .006, with an intraclass reliability coefficient of R = .65. The familiarization program is recommended for implementation prior to measuring percent body fat via UWW. However, predicting the RV may be an easier and more consistent alternative to measuring the RV in adults with PWS.

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Impact of Measured vs. Predicted Residual Lung Volume on Body Fat Percentage Using Underwater Weighing and 4-Compartment Model

The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research ◽

10.1519/jsc.0000000000001698 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (9) ◽

pp. 2519-2527 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Brett S. Nickerson ◽

Michael R. Esco ◽

Phillip A. Bishop ◽

Randall E. Schumacker ◽

Mark T. Richardson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Lung Volume ◽

Compartment Model ◽

Body Fat Percentage ◽

Fat Percentage

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Mild obesity does not limit change in end-expiratory lung volume during cycling in young women

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/japplphysiol.00235.2001 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 92 (6) ◽

pp. 2483-2490 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

T. G. Babb ◽

D. S. DeLorey ◽

B. L. Wyrick ◽

P. P. Gardner

Keyword(s):

Body Fat ◽

Lung Volume ◽

Respiratory Mechanics ◽

Total Lung Capacity ◽

Ventilatory Threshold ◽

Obese Women ◽

Lung Capacity ◽

Simple Mass ◽

Obese Subjects ◽

Mild Obesity

To investigate the effects of obesity on the regulation of end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) during exercise we studied nine obese (41 ± 6% body fat and 35 ± 7 yr, mean ± SD) and eight lean (18 ± 3% body fat and 34 ± 4 yr) women. We hypothesized that the simple mass loading of obesity would constrain the decrease in EELV in the supine position and during exercise. All subjects underwent respiratory mechanics measurements in the supine and seated positions, and during graded cycle ergometry to exhaustion. Data were analyzed between groups by independent t-test in the supine and seated postures, and during exercise at ventilatory threshold and peak. Total lung capacity (TLC) was reduced in the obese women ( P < 0.05). EELV was significantly lower in the obese subjects in the supine (37 ± 6 vs. 45 ± 5% TLC) and seated (45 ± 6 vs. 53 ± 5% TLC) positions and at ventilatory threshold (41 ± 4 vs. 49 ± 5% TLC) ( P < 0.01). In conclusion, despite reduced resting lung volumes and alterations in respiratory mechanics during exercise, mild obesity in women does not appear to constrain EELV during cycling nor does it limit exercise capacity. Also, these data suggest that other nonmechanical factors also regulate the level of EELV during exercise.

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