Seasonal Variation of V˙O2max and the V˙O2-Work Rate Relationship in Elite Alpine Skiers

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 2084-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICAH A. GROSS ◽  
FABIO A. BREIL ◽  
ANDREA D. LEHMANN ◽  
HANS HOPPELER ◽  
MICHAEL VOGT
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Rate Relationship ◽  
Alpine Skiers

Association between the anaerobic threshold and the break-point in the double product/work rate relationship

1996 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Riley ◽  
K. Maehara ◽  
J. P�rsz�sz ◽  
M. P. K. J. Engelen ◽  
H. Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Threshold ◽  
Break Point ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Double Product ◽  
Rate Relationship

scholarly journals Maximal Oxygen Uptake Validation in Children With Expiratory Flow Limitation

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Robben ◽  
David C. Poole ◽  
Craig A. Harms
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Constant Load ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Flow Limitation ◽  
Expiratory Flow Limitation ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rate Relationship ◽  
Expiratory Flow

A two-test protocol (incremental/ramp (IWT) + supramaximal constant-load (CWR)) to affirm max and obviate reliance on secondary criteria has only been validated in highly fit children. In girls (n = 15) and boys (n = 12) with a wide range of VO2max (17–47 ml/kg/min), we hypothesized that this procedure would evince a VO2-WR plateau and unambiguous VO2max even in the presence of expiratory flow limitation (EFL). A plateau in the VO2-work rate relationship occurred in 75% of subjects irrespective of EFL There was a range in RER at max exercise for girls (0.97–1.14; mean 1.06 ± 0.04) and boys (0.98−1.09; mean 1.03 ± 0.03) such that 3/15 girls and 2/12 boys did not achieve the criterion RER. Moreover, in girls with RER > 1.0 it would have been possible to achieve this criterion at 78% VO2max. Boys achieved 92% VO2max at RER = 1.0. This was true also for HRmax where 8/15 girls’ and 6/12 boys’ VO2max would have been rejected based on HRmax being < 90% of age-predicted HRmax. In those who achieved the HRmax criterion, it represented a VO2 of 86% (girls) and 87% (boys) VO2max. We conclude that this two-test protocol confirms VO2max in children across a threefold range of VO2max irrespective of EFL and circumvents reliance on secondary criteria.

Effect of Endurance Training on the &OV0312;O2???Work Rate Relationship in Normoxia and Hypoxia

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
FABRICE PRIEUR ◽  
HENRI BENOIT ◽  
THIERRY BUSSO ◽  
JOSIANE CASTELLS ◽  
CHRISTIAN DENIS
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Training ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Rate Relationship

Lack of functional effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation on skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism in healthy humans

2012 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. 1101-1109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Porcelli ◽  
Mauro Marzorati ◽  
Lorenzo Pugliese ◽  
Saverio Adamo ◽  
Julien Gondin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Rate Relationship

A recent study has demonstrated that neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) determines, in vitro, a fast-to-slow shift in the metabolic profile of muscle fibers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate if, in the same subjects, these changes would translate, in vivo, into an enhanced skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism. Seven young men were tested (cycle ergometer) during incremental exercises up to voluntary exhaustion and moderate and heavy constant-load exercises (CLE). Measurements were carried out before and after an 8-wk training program by isometric bilateral NMES (quadriceps muscles), which induced an ∼25% increase in maximal isometric force. Breath-by-breath pulmonary O2 uptake (V̇o2) and vastus lateralis oxygenation indexes (by near-infrared spectroscopy) were determined. Skeletal muscle fractional O2 extraction was estimated by near-infrared spectroscopy on the basis of changes in concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin + myoglobin. Values obtained at exhaustion were considered “peak” values. The following functional evaluation variables were unaffected by NMES: peak V̇o2; gas exchange threshold; the V̇o2 vs. work rate relationship (O2 cost of cycling); changes in concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin + myoglobin vs. work rate relationship (related to the matching between O2 delivery and V̇o2); peak fractional O2 extraction; V̇o2 kinetics (during moderate and heavy CLE) and the amplitude of its slow component (during heavy CLE). Thus NMES did not affect several variables of functional evaluation of skeletal muscle oxidative metabolism. Muscle hypertrophy induced by NMES could impair peripheral O2 diffusion, possibly counterbalancing, in vivo, the fast-to-slow phenotypic changes that were observed in vitro, in a previous work, in the same subjects of the present study.

scholarly journals The Oxygen Uptake Plateau—A Critical Review of the Frequently Misunderstood Phenomenon

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Niemeyer ◽  
Raphael Knaier ◽  
Ralph Beneke
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Rate Relationship ◽  
Sampling Intervals ◽  
Severe Exercise

AbstractA flattening of the oxygen uptake–work rate relationship at severe exercise indicates the achievement of maximum oxygen uptake $$\left({\text{VO}}_{2\max } \right)$$ VO 2 max . Unfortunately, a distinct plateau $$\left( {{{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}} \right)$$ VO 2 pl at $${{\text{VO}}}_{2\max }$$ VO 2 max is not found in all participants. The aim of this investigation was to critically review the influence of research methods and physiological factors on the $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$ VO 2 pl incidence. It is shown that many studies used inappropriate definitions or methodical approaches to check for the occurrence of a $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$ VO 2 pl . In contrast to the widespread assumptions it is unclear whether there is higher $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$ VO 2 pl incidence in (uphill) running compared to cycling exercise or in discontinuous compared to continuous incremental exercise tests. Furthermore, most studies that evaluated the validity of supramaximal verification phases, reported verification bout durations, which are too short to ensure that $${{\text{VO}}}_{2\max }$$ VO 2 max have been achieved by all participants. As a result, there is little evidence for a higher $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$ VO 2 pl incidence and a corresponding advantage for the diagnoses of $${{\text{VO}}}_{2\max }$$ VO 2 max when incremental tests are supplemented by supramaximal verification bouts. Preliminary evidence suggests that the occurrence of a $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$ VO 2 pl in continuous incremental tests is determined by physiological factors like anaerobic capacity, $${{\text{VO}}}_{2}$$ VO 2 -kinetics and accumulation of metabolites in the submaximal intensity domain. Subsequent studies should take more attention to the use of valid $${{\text{VO}}}_{2} {\text{pl}}$$ VO 2 pl definitions, which require a cut-off at ~ 50% of the submaximal $${{\text{VO}}}_{2}$$ VO 2 increase and rather large sampling intervals. Furthermore, if verification bouts are used to verify the achievement of $${{\text{VO}}}_{{2{\text{peak}}}}$$ VO 2 peak /$${{\text{VO}}}_{2\max }$$ VO 2 max , it should be ensured that they can be sustained for sufficient durations.

scholarly journals Prognostic power of oxygen uptake work rate relationship during submaximal exercise in cardiac patients

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Akira Koike ◽  
Haruki Itoh ◽  
Makoto Kato ◽  
Tadanori Aizawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Iinuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Cardiac Patients ◽  
Rate Relationship ◽  
Prognostic Power

scholarly journals Changes in Oxygen Uptake-Work Rate Relationship as A Compensatory Mechanism in Patients with Heart Failure.

1992 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 504-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
HARUKI ITOH ◽  
MASATO NAKAMURA ◽  
CHIEKO IKEDA ◽  
ETSUKO YANAGISAWA ◽  
FUMIHIKO HATOGAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Compensatory Mechanism ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Rate Relationship
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