scholarly journals Restructuring Research: Communication Costs and the Democratization of University Innovation

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 1578-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Agrawal ◽  
Avi Goldfarb
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Ranking Data ◽  
Communication Costs ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Middle Tier ◽  
New Knowledge

We report evidence that Bitnet adoption facilitated increased research collaboration between US universities. However, not all institutions benefited equally. Using panel data from seven top engineering journals, Bitnet connection records, and institution ranking data, we find that middle-tier universities were the primary beneficiaries; they benefited largely by increasing their collaboration with top-tier schools. Furthermore, we find that the magnitude of this effect is greatest for co-located pairs. Thus, the advent of Bitnet – and likely of subsequent networks – seems to have increased the role of middle-tier universities as producers of new knowledge in the national innovation system. (JEL D85, I23, O31, O33)

PRC in World Innovation Development

2013 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
D. Selihov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Developmental Strategy ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World

Under the conditions of globalization a developmental strategy based on utilization of new knowledge and technological breakthroughs became the most efficient for achieving and retaining the leading positions in the world. Basically, the article deals with the role of the national innovation system in the Chinese economy. In this connection a comparative analysis of the levels of different countries’ innovative development is undertaken. A conclusion is made that until now China still lags behind the world’s leading nations in terms of innovation-based development.

scholarly journals Does the national innovation system spur economic growth in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa economies? Evidence from panel data

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brima Sesay ◽  
Zhao Yulin ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Relationship

The question as to whether the national innovation system (NIS) plays a significant positive role in influencing economic growth has been intensely debated by academics as well as policy analysts. The main controversy, however, is the fact that the ongoing empirical evidences on the relationship between innovation and economic growth are still mixed. The aim of this paper is to provide further evidence on the relationship between the NIS and economic growth using consistent and reliable data from a sample of emerging economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa [BRICS]). The research has a BRICS focus and constructs NIS using historical panel data set for the main variables, that is, university enrolment rate for science and engineering students, government research and development expenditure, high-tech export and the enclosure of control variables covering the period 2000Q1–2013Q4. The study employed a dynamic panel estimation technique with a view of evaluating the relative impact of the NIS on economic growth in BRICS. The results revealed that the NIS as a whole has a positive effect on economic growth in BRICS economies. An important policy implication emerging from this study is that extra efforts are needed by emerging economies to promote the development of a NIS so as to explore the potential growth-inducing effects of a well-functioning NIS. Consequently, findings from this study have offered some persuading indicators for BRICS economies to explore the development of a NIS as a potential opportunity to speed up their economic growth.

Tunisian National Innovation System futures: an actors’ analysis focus

foresight ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-286
Author(s):  
Refaat Chaabouni ◽  
Lotfi Bouzaiane
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Specific Project

Purpose This paper aims to focus on the Tunisian National Innovation System (NIS) and the conditions that might foster its aptitude to support socio-economic transformation. Design/methodology/approach The paper adopts an original twofold foresight methodology combining the analysis of key players with the exploration of scenarios. While usually, a foresight exercise considers only one of these two futures studies approaches. Findings The “Dynamic Islands System” scenario reflects the present situation and current trends. It shows that all expected components of an efficient system are in place, but they are evolving more or less independently. “Connected System” is the most desirable option because it reflects the potential to improve strongly productivity, competitiveness and social inclusion. The “Dislocated System” is a third possible but risky scenario. Despite the interesting insights provided through futures imaging, the scenario approach is not sufficient in providing indications of how and which actors can make happen the changes needed to move towards the desired state. So, a second step of the adopted twofold foresight approach addresses the role of key players. The analysis aims to reveal which actors are in a position to implement the required changes and thereby support the transition from the present to the desired scenario. Practical implications The challenges ahead are then pointed out, namely, that the private sector and firms would have to take the lead in the future; and that the less influential players would have to work side by side to be able to direct the NIS to the “Connected scenario”. Originality/value The clue in this approach is to transform a sub-optimal reality to achieve a desired end-state by understanding the trend scenario. The actors’ analysis helps to clarify the respective attitudes and concerns of the players vis-à-vis the required changes. In this two-step foresight approach, the desired scenario is considered as a specific project.

The Methodology of National Innovation System Analysis

2015 ◽  
pp. 592-621
Author(s):  
Oleg Golichenko
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
System Structure ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Key Policy ◽  
Aggregation Level ◽  
High Aggregation Level

Many efforts have been made in developing the National Innovation System (NIS) concept. However, there are the limitations, which do not make it operable and effective in practice. This investigation attempts to eliminate some limitations of the approach. The NIS is presented as three interrelated macro blocs: business environment, environment producing new knowledge, and knowledge transfer mechanism. The principles of performance and efficiency measuring of NIS are proposed. The system structure-object and functional approaches to NIS performance and efficiency are applied. The former is used for decomposition of NIS objects of high aggregation level. The latter is available for analysis of NIS efficiency and its factors. The methods allow the estimation of the NIS component by component and identification of the cause-effect chains of factor impacts on its elements. The key policy tools tailored to liquidate and mitigate market failure and NIS dysfunctions are proposed.

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