PRC in World Innovation Development

2013 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
D. Selihov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Chinese Economy ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Developmental Strategy ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The World

Under the conditions of globalization a developmental strategy based on utilization of new knowledge and technological breakthroughs became the most efficient for achieving and retaining the leading positions in the world. Basically, the article deals with the role of the national innovation system in the Chinese economy. In this connection a comparative analysis of the levels of different countries’ innovative development is undertaken. A conclusion is made that until now China still lags behind the world’s leading nations in terms of innovation-based development.

Innovative development of the national university system in Russia: trends and key elements

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuriy I. Razorenov ◽  
Konstantin V. Vodenko
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
The State ◽  
World Intellectual Property Organization ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The University ◽  
University Industry

PurposeThe goal of the research is to analyze the university development trends in the national innovation system. The paper presents a review of the formation of innovative development strategies and the place of a university in them. The structure is based on the analysis of foreign trends of the transformation of universities and the examination of the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state. Russian experience in the transformation of universities is presented.Design/methodology/approachResearch methodologies include methods of statistical and comparative analysis and synthesis. The information analysis base of the research is composed of the reports of the World Intellectual Property Organization at year-end 2019, as well as global comparative assessments of the status and development of innovation activities by the Global Innovation Index and Global Competitiveness Index, which are calculated according to the methodology of the World Economic Forum and others.FindingsIn the course of research, the authors put forward a new model of universities within the framework of the national innovation system, which is based on the “triple helix model of innovation” implemented by universities, industry and the state. The logic and structure of the research are set forth in the following way. First, a review of the global practice of the formation and implementation of state innovation policy is given, with the university being a key link, the foreign experience in the transformation of universities is analyzed and the efficiency of the interaction between the university, industry and the state is examined. Furthermore, consideration is given to the Russian experience in the transformation of universities. In conclusion, the main findings of the research are presented.Practical implicationsResults testify that goals and objectives that can be solved by achieving indicators in the world rankings are important for improving competitiveness of education, but they are only efficient if they conform to management decisions that are taken for achieving them and coincide with strategic goals and directions that should be implemented within the framework of the national innovation and academic system.Originality/valueResearch hypothesis is as follows: modern age is characterized by the rapid development of digital technologies and globalization processes, which transform technologies and cultural patterns into techniques and methods of working with information. Despite the fact that a university is the center for the development of society and culture, which serves as an axiological core, it is subject to the transformation, which is mainly manifested in instrumental changes and the expansion of the social procurement range. The modern educational system is yet to find a contemporary conceptual framework of a university that would satisfy the up-to-date requirements of the global information society in an age of digital revolution and dominate in the educational services market.

ISSUES OF ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE POST-PANDEMIC PERIOD AND EXPANDING THE ROLE OF HUMAN CAPITAL IN IT

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Zakir Mamurovich Zikriyaev ◽  
◽  
Akmal Abduvokhidov ◽  
Erkinjon Buribayev ◽  
Sherali Makhmudov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The World

Today, the countries of the world are experiencing a pandemic crisis that has arisen in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic crisis is characterized by the fact that, unlike other crises, it is a three-way crisis. In particular, the pandemic crisis is also characterized by demand, supply and, at the same time, a liquidity crisis. It should be said that the pandemic crisis has shown the need to improve the quality of the human factor and the associated human capital in order to achieve sustainable development. Based on this, the article analyzes the issues of expanding the positions of human capital in achieving sustainable development.Keywords:pandemic, global economic crisis, sustainable development, human factor, human capital, global trends in the development of the world economy, innovative development, national innovation system

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONAL DETERMINANTS OF INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE ECONOMY OF THE XXI CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasyl Lagutin ◽  
Yuliya Yasko
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Institutional Determinants ◽  
Innovation Dynamics

The article analyzed the problem of institutional determinants of innovative development in the 21st century, which is not yet sufficiently understood in a scientific sense. It is established that poor quality and inconsistency of institutions with macro– and microeconomic mechanisms exacerbates the problem of institutional determinants of providing innovative development in the economy of the 21st century. The subject of the research is the institutional determinants (a set of formal and informal rules and regulations, incentives and mechanisms) that determine the provision of innovative development. Economic development implies a progressive change in the institutional environment of the national innovation system. In the context of the above, it is proved that the peculiarities of the content of institutional determinants of innovative development in Ukraine are characterized by complication of interconnections and forms of manifestation, strengthening of transformational tendencies. It is determined that the effect of institutional determinants is manifested through the influence of three types of institutions: primary (basic) market institutions (protection of property rights and investments, observance of rights and obligations, fixed by the contract system, freedom competition); development institutes (regulatory environment, business climate, regulatory business opportunities, judicial independence); institutes of efficiency (developed human and social capital, effective legislative support, impartiality of judges, reliability of law enforcement agencies. The research methodology is based on the methods of a holistic systematic approach to institutional analysis, interconnections and the logic of institutional determinants of innovation development. It is crucial to build holistic logical constructs (based on a model of innovative behavior) that allow a full analysis of existing institutional relationships. The purpose of the research is to analyze the institutional determinants of innovation development in the economy of the 21st century, to evaluate possible directions for more effective innovation management. Regulation of scientific aspects of institutes and institutional determinants allowed to re-evaluate traditional problems of innovative development. The main conclusions of the research relate to the justification of the set of institutional determinants that ensure the effective interdependence of institutional and innovation dynamics. It is argued that the institutional determinants of innovative change cannot be considered outside the interconnections. It is determined that the most problematic issues of readiness for innovation are: a small proportion of firms that are able to perceive and implement innovative technologies, lack of sufficient resources, low interest in purchasing new technological products. It is established that the effective use of institutional determinants of innovative development is possible only on the basis of the formation and effective implementation of the mechanism for managing the institutional stimulation of relevant innovation changes. It has been shown that scientific clarification of institutional determinants is a prerequisite for a deeper analysis of the effective development of the national innovation system. Only effective institutions can provide the necessary opportunities for innovative development. In this context, there is a need to further expand the institutional research of the innovation system.

scholarly journals Formation of tools for assessing the level of innovative development of an enterprise

2018 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 05083
Author(s):  
Valery Gusev ◽  
Ekaterina Stativa ◽  
Zinaida Proskurina ◽  
Alla Delyatitskaya ◽  
Valeria Kolosova
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Enterprise Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
The World

The purpose of the study is to develop tools for assessing the level of innovative development of an enterprise in order to improve the management of its innovation activities. Radical increase of the role of innovations in modern conditions predetermines the activation of innovative activity of enterprises on the basis of increasing production efficiency, implementing promising research and development projects and implementing innovative programs. The situation in the world economy demonstrates that the innovative component of enterprise development is the main source of growth and contributes to the level of competitiveness of the organization. As a result of the generalization of the experience of research in the field of innovative development, a system of economic indicators that maximally characterizes the innovation activity carried out by enterprises is formed, which is the basis for developing tools for assessing the level of innovation development of the enterprise, a toolkit for assessing the level of innovative development of an enterprise using the proposed system of economic indicators, to increase the level of innovative development of the enterprise tions and to assess their cost-effectiveness.

scholarly journals Development of the theory of innovations in the context of the new industrial revolution

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
High Technology ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
The World

The relevance of the study is due to the fact that increase of proportion of high technology production in the aggregate product of the world economy, as a consequence of the new industrial evolution mid XX-early XXI century, defines a completely new, in terms of world experience, range of system views on the global economic system. The subject of research of the article is a process of developing of the theory of innovation system, an analysis of impact of the theory of long wave cycles on the innovative development of society. The goal of the article is to analyze the development of the theory of global and national innovative high-tech systems in time, considering the hypothesis of the existence of a rigid connection between long waves and the periods of basic innovation occurrence at various phases of the waves, in order to recognize the possible options for the development of events and to model the appropriate reaction to ensure the uninterrupted functioning of the national innovation system in the context of the new industrial revolution. The objective is to research the patterns of the life cycle of innovations and their diffusion to identify the advantages and disadvantages of a transfer of high technology products for the national innovation system and also to identify the development trends and new factors, which define the essence of modern efficient high-tech system in terms of the new industrial revolution. General scientific methods are used, such as system analysis - to determine the patterns of the life cycle of innovations and their diffusion to identify the advantages and disadvantages of a transfer of high technology products for the national innovation system, factor analysis – toformalizethecause-and-effectrelationshipsoftheinvestigatedfactorsof the development of modern effective high-tech system. The following results were obtained: on the basis of the analysis of the impact of the long waves theory on the innovative development of society is proved the necessity of the fastest access of domestic enterprises to world network markets not only to develop the sales network, but also to search for innovative solutions and creative interactions. These practices are suitable for most countries, which have adopted the experience of world's innovative leaders and now are competitive players of the world market of high technologies. Conclusions: the urgency to create a strong national innovation system in Ukraine, considering the specificity of those elements that are now the basis of functioning of innovative systems.

scholarly journals Restructuring Research: Communication Costs and the Democratization of University Innovation

2008 ◽  
Vol 98 (4) ◽  
pp. 1578-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Agrawal ◽  
Avi Goldfarb
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Research Collaboration ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Ranking Data ◽  
Communication Costs ◽  
Research Communication ◽  
Middle Tier ◽  
New Knowledge

We report evidence that Bitnet adoption facilitated increased research collaboration between US universities. However, not all institutions benefited equally. Using panel data from seven top engineering journals, Bitnet connection records, and institution ranking data, we find that middle-tier universities were the primary beneficiaries; they benefited largely by increasing their collaboration with top-tier schools. Furthermore, we find that the magnitude of this effect is greatest for co-located pairs. Thus, the advent of Bitnet – and likely of subsequent networks – seems to have increased the role of middle-tier universities as producers of new knowledge in the national innovation system. (JEL D85, I23, O31, O33)

scholarly journals GLOBALIZATION TRANSFORMATION OF INNOVATION COMPONENT IN A SYSTEM OF PRIORITIES IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2(64)) ◽  
pp. 320-326
Author(s):  
S.A. Tsyganov ◽  
V.O. Sizonenko
Keyword(s):  
Open Economy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Global Competition ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Internal Resources ◽  
The World ◽  
Innovation Space ◽  
National Economies

This article explores the nature and characteristics of the innovation economy, its place and role in the world economy. Considered the world experience of regulation of innovative development in the context of the challenges of global competition. Determined methodological basis for the formation of international competitive advantages of the country in the global innovation space. Proved that the innovative development of national economies under global transformations due to the necessity of forming a model of open economy, which would be competitive and innovative optimally combine the available internal resources of the economic system and the benefits of international cooperation in the field of innovation in the increasingly global competition. Proved that innovation in terms of one of the key factors in international competitiveness of national economies is their innovative capacity, which reflects the potential for the creation and use of modern innovative technologies. The efficiency of the national innovation system primarily depends on a complex system of interaction between enterprises that produce innovative products, research organizations to develop and help implement into production new products and technologies, which allows to optimize the use of available resources innovation and create effective innovative environment that is catalyst for generating new innovative technologies. Grounded conditions and factors of formation and development of innovative economy in Ukraine. A public policy measures that aim to transform the transformation of the national innovation system, the development of innovative potential and a favorable investment climate, innovative and innovation environment in Ukraine.

scholarly journals ABOUT DEVELOPMENT FACTORS OF NATIONAL INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 144-148
Author(s):  
А.П. Фомина ◽  
Р.А. Дрозд ◽  
М.И. Гайченя
Keyword(s):  
Innovation System ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Innovation Infrastructure ◽  
The Many ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Push Model

Для достижения необходимого уровня конкурентоспособности экономики страны, развития национальной инновационной системы, требуется идентификация и актуализация факторов, оказывающих влияние на национальную инновационную систему, ее успешное функционирование. Из множества факторов, влияющих на инновационное развитие, необходимо выделить основные и второстепенные. В статье рассматриваются основные характеристики инновационного процесса, механизмы взаимодействия субъектов экономики и науки. Рассматриваются модели эндогенного роста и имитационного инновационного развития и интенсивного инновационного роста. При рассмотрении двух подходов к природе зарождения инновации: модель technology – push и модель market-pull, авторами выдвигается и подтверждается гипотеза о том, что фактором развития национальной инновационной системы является, прежде всего, реализация технологических инноваций. Авторами доказывается, что особое внимание необходимо уделить развитию научно-технической инновационной инфраструктуры. Развитие национальных инновационных систем может иметь секторальный характер: применение соответствующей экономической политики, стимулирующей развитие науки, технологий, инноваций в отдельных секторах экономики и кластерах, в которых под влиянием различных факторов сложились наиболее благоприятные условия для развития в сфере технологий. To achieve the required level of competitiveness of the country's economy, the development of a national innovation system, identification and updating of factors that influence the national innovation system and its successful functioning is required. Of the many factors affecting innovative development, it is necessary to distinguish the main and secondary. The article discusses the main characteristics of the innovation process, the mechanisms of interaction between economic entities and science. The models of endogenous growth and imitation innovative development and intensive innovative growth are considered. When considering two approaches to the nature of the origin of innovation: the technology-push model and the market-pull model, the authors put forward and confirm the hypothesis that the factor of development of the national innovation system is, first of all, the implementation of technological innovations. The authors prove that special attention should be paid to the development of scientific and technical innovation infrastructure. The development of national innovation systems can be of a sectoral nature: the application of appropriate economic policies that stimulate the development of science, technology, innovation in individual sectors of the economy and clusters, in which under the influence of various factors the most favorable conditions for development in the field of technology have developed.

scholarly journals Geological World Heritage: a revised global framework for the application of criterion (viii) of the World Heritage Convention

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.J. Mc Keever ◽  
G.M. Narbonne
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Present Report ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Convention ◽  
Geomorphological Heritage ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
Thematic Approach ◽  
Potential Impact

In 2005, IUCN published a report entitled Geological World Heritage: A Global Framework (Dingwall et al., 2005). The aim of that report was to discuss and advise on the role of the World Heritage Convention in recognising and protecting geological and geomorphological heritage. The aim of the present report is to fully revise and update the 2005 report and to look at the potential impact of the new UNESCO Global Geopark designation on future inscriptions to the World Heritage List under criterion (viii). This aim has been achieved through a thorough review of the 2005 report, and in particular the thematic approach to geology that the report used. This has led to the proposal of a rationalised set of 11 themes to guide the application of criterion (viii). This report also examines the processes of comparative analysis and questions of site integrity in relation to properties listed for geological and geomorphological values.

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