Fair Social Ordering, Egalitarianism, and Animal Welfare

We study fairness in economies where humans consume one private good and one public good representing the welfare of other species. We show that a social evaluator cannot be egalitarian with respect to humans while always respecting humans’ unanimous preferences. One solution is to respect unanimous preferences only when doing so does not lead to a decrease in the welfare of other species. Social preferences satisfying these properties reveal surprising connections between concerns for other species, egalitarianism among humans, and unanimity: the latter two imply a form of dictatorship from humans with the strongest preference for the welfare of other species. (JEL D11, D63, H41)

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Higher Education: Public Good or Private Good?

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering - Engineering Education and Management ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-24820-7_93 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 581-585

Author(s):

Gan Kaipeng ◽

Liao Juan

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Public Good ◽

Private Good

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Health as a Global Public Good

Health of Newcomers ◽

10.18574/nyu/9780814789216.003.0007 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Patricia Illingworth ◽

Wendy E. Parmet

Keyword(s):

Health Policy ◽

Public Good ◽

Good Health ◽

Private Good ◽

Global Public Good ◽

Moral Obligations ◽

Standard View ◽

Basic Principles ◽

The Public ◽

Global Eradication

Contrary to the standard view that health is a private good, health should be viewed as a public good: its benefits are nonexcludable and nonrivalrous. Health should, in fact, be understood as a global public good, in light of globalization. Chapter 6 illustrates this analysis with reference to the global eradication of smallpox. Understanding health as a global public good, rather than as a private good, has implications for a nation’s moral obligations to newcomers and the health policy that its government crafts: one person’s health can adversely affect another’s health, and good health can benefit many. Given the public good dimensions of health, failure to help newcomers in need of care may not only be counterproductive because it puts the health of all at risk, it may also violate basic principles of fairness, reciprocity and justice.

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A Pareto Approach to Aligning Public and Private Objectives in Vehicle Design

Volume 1: 34th Design Automation Conference, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/detc2008-49143 ◽

2008 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Bart Frischknecht ◽

Panos Papalambros

Keyword(s):

Public Good ◽

Pareto Frontier ◽

Private Good ◽

Vehicle Design ◽

Relative Level ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Production And Consumption ◽

Vehicle Production ◽

The Government

The quest for producing vehicles friendlier to the environment is often impeded by the fact that a producer private good objective, such as maximum profit, competes with the public good objective of minimizing impact on the environment. Contrary to commercial claims, there may be no defined decision maker in the vehicle production and consumption process who takes ownership of the public good objective, except perhaps the government. One way ecofriendly products could become more successful in the marketplace is if public and private good objectives become more aligned to each other. This paper introduces three metrics for comparing Pareto curves in bi-objective problems in terms of relative level of objective competition. The paper also presents a quantitative way of studying an individual firm’s trade-off between profit and fuel consumption for automotive products, currently undergoing an historic evolution in their design. We show how changes in technology, preferences, competition, and regulatory scenarios lead to Pareto frontier changes, possibly eliminating it altogether.

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Der Preis der Gesundheit

Zeitschrift für Evangelische Ethik ◽

10.14315/zee-1999-0105 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 26-32

Author(s):

Wolfram Stierle

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Public Finance ◽

Interest Groups ◽

Public Good ◽

Private Good ◽

The Public ◽

Finance Theory

Abstract Plea for the cooperation with the public finance theory in the attempt, to find ethically and economically consistent solutions for the problems concerning public health. Can health be regarded as a private good, in which sense is health a public good and what about the analysis of the influence taken by the interest groups involved?

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