scholarly journals Impact of Environmental Stress-Tolerant Transgenic Potato on Genotypic Diversity of Microbial Communities and Soil Enzyme Activities under Stress Conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makiko Mimura ◽  
Kipkorir E. Lelmen ◽  
Takayoshi Shimazaki ◽  
Akira Kikuchi ◽  
Kazuo N. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Transgenic Potato ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities

Influence of the application of Fe–Mn–La ternary oxide-biochar composites on the properties of arsenic-polluted paddy soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1045-1056
Author(s):  
Lina Lin ◽  
Minling Gao ◽  
Xuewei Liu ◽  
Zhengguo Song
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Ternary Oxide ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Arsenic Fractionation

The effects of Fe–Mn–La ternary oxide-biochar composites on arsenic fractionation, soil enzyme activities, and microbial communities in arsenic-polluted soils were determined.

scholarly journals Divergence of dominant factors in soil microbial communities and functions in forest ecosystems along a climatic gradient

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 1217-1228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Xu ◽  
Guirui Yu ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Nianpeng He ◽  
Qiufeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Warm Temperate ◽  
Microbial Plfas

Abstract. Soil microorganisms play an important role in regulating nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. Most of the studies conducted thus far have been confined to a single forest biome or have focused on one or two controlling factors, and few have dealt with the integrated effects of climate, vegetation, and soil substrate availability on soil microbial communities and functions among different forests. In this study, we used phospholipid-derived fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to investigate soil microbial community structure and extracellular enzymatic activities to evaluate the functional potential of soil microbes of different types of forests in three different climatic zones along the north–south transect in eastern China (NSTEC). Both climate and forest type had significant effects on soil enzyme activities and microbial communities with considerable interactive effects. Except for soil acid phosphatase (AP), the other three enzyme activities were much higher in the warm temperate zone than in the temperate and the subtropical climate zones. The soil total PLFAs and bacteria were much higher in the temperate zone than in the warm temperate and the subtropical zones. The soil β-glucosidase (BG) and N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) activities were highest in the coniferous forest. Except for the soil fungi and fungi–bacteria (F/B), the different groups of microbial PLFAs were much higher in the conifer broad-leaved mixed forests than in the coniferous forests and the broad-leaved forests. In general, soil enzyme activities and microbial PLFAs were higher in primary forests than in secondary forests in temperate and warm temperate regions. In the subtropical region, soil enzyme activities were lower in the primary forests than in the secondary forests and microbial PLFAs did not differ significantly between primary and secondary forests. Different compositions of the tree species may cause variations in soil microbial communities and enzyme activities. Our results showed that the main controls on soil microbes and functions vary in different climatic zones and that the effects of soil moisture content, soil temperature, clay content, and the soil N ∕ P ratio were considerable. This information will add value to the modeling of microbial processes and will contribute to carbon cycling in large-scale carbon models.

scholarly journals Contrasting Effects of Chinese Fir Plantations of Different Stand Ages on Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Communities

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoqun Wang ◽  
Lin Xue ◽  
Yuhong Dong ◽  
Lingyu Hou ◽  
Yihui Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Forest Age ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities

Soil enzymes and microbial communities are key factors in forest soil ecosystem functions and are affected by stand age. In this study, we studied soil enzyme activities, composition and diversity of bacterial and fungal communities and relevant physicochemical properties at 0–10 cm depth (D1), 10–20 cm depth (D2) and 20–30 cm depth (D3) soil layers in 3-(3a), 6-(6a), 12-(12a), 18-(18a), 25-(25a), 32-(32a) and 49-year-old (49a) Chinese fir plantations to further reveal the effects of stand age on soil biotic properties. Spectrophotometry and high-throughput sequencing was used to assess the soil enzyme activity and microbial community composition and diversity of Chinese fir plantation of different stand ages, respectively. We found that soil catalase activity increased as the stand age of Chinese fir plantations increased, whereas the activities of urease, sucrase and β-glucosidase in 12a, 18a and 25a were lower than those in 6a, 32a and 49a. Shannon and Chao1 indices of bacterial and fungal communities first decreased gradually from 6a to 18a or 25a and then increased gradually from 25a to 49a. Interestingly, the sucrase and β-glucosidase activities and the Shannon and Chao1 indices in 3a were all lower than 6a. We found that the relative abundance of dominant microbial phyla differed among stand ages and soil depths. The proportion of Acidobacteria first increased and then decreased from low forest age to high forest age, and its relative abundance in 12a, 18a and 25a were higher than 3a, 32a and 49a, but the proportion of Proteobacteria was opposite. The proportion of Ascomycota first decreased and then increased from 6a to 49a, and its relative abundance in 12a, 18a and 25a was lower than 3a, 6a, 32a and 49a. Our results indicate that soil enzyme activities and the richness and diversity of the microbial community are limited in the middle stand age (from 12a to 25a), which is important for developing forest management strategies to mitigate the impacts of degradation of soil biological activities.

scholarly journals Variations in Soil Enzyme Activities and Microbial Communities along an Altitudinal Gradient on the Eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 681
Author(s):  
Shiyu Fan ◽  
Hui Sun ◽  
Jiyuan Yang ◽  
Jihong Qin ◽  
Danjie Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Soil Enzyme Activities

The Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is the highest plateau in the world and is sensitive to climate change. The dynamics of soil enzyme activities and microbial communities are good indicators of alpine biochemical processes during warming. We collected topsoil (0–10 cm) and subsoil (10–20 cm) samples at altitudes of 3200–4000 m; determined the activities of β-1,4-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), β-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAG) and acid phosphomonoesterase (PME); and performed Illumina 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. We found that the soil carbon (total organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon) and nitrogen (total nitrogen and dissolved organic nitrogen) fluctuated with altitude in both the topsoil and subsoil, whereas the dissolved phosphorus continuously decreased with the increasing altitude. BG and CBH decreased from 3200 to 3600 m and increased from 3800 to 4000 m, with the lowest levels occurring at 3600 m (topsoil) and 3800 m (subsoil). NAG and PME showed similar fluctuations with altitude, with the highest levels occurring at 3400 m and 4000 m in both the topsoil and subsoil. Generally, the altitudes from 3600 to 3800 m were an ecological transition belt where most of the nutrients and enzyme activities reached their lowest levels. All of the alpine soils shared similar dominant phyla, including Proteobacteria (32.7%), Acidobacteria (30.2%), Actinobacteria (7.7%), Bacteroidetes (4.4%), Planctomycetes (2.9%), Firmicutes (2.3%), Gemmatimonadetes (2.0%), Chloroflexi, (1.2%) and Nitrospirae (1.2%); Gemmatimonadetes and Verrucomicrobia were significantly affected by soil depth and Planctomycetes, Firmicutes, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae, Latescibacteria and Armatimonadetes were significantly affected by altitude. In addition, nutrient availability, enzyme activity and microbial diversity were higher in the topsoil than in the subsoil, and they had more significant correlations in the subsoil than in the topsoil. Our results provide useful insights into the close linkages between soil nutrient cycling and microbial activities on the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau, and are of great significance for further assessing the long-term impact of environmental changes in the alpine ecosystems.

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