scholarly journals Measurement of language laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound: a comparison of different tasks

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Zoe V.J. Woodhead ◽  
Holly A. Rutherford ◽  
Dorothy V.M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Generation Task ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Sentence Generation ◽  
Directional Bias ◽  
Word Generation ◽  
Language Laterality

Background: Relative blood flow in the two middle cerebral arteries can be measured using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) to give an index of lateralisation as participants perform a specific task. Language laterality has mostly been studied with fTCD using a word generation task, but it is not clear whether this is optimal. Methods: Using fTCD, we evaluated a sentence generation task that has shown good reliability and strong left lateralisation in fMRI. We interleaved trials of word generation, sentence generation and list generation and assessed agreement of these tasks in 31 participants (29 right-handers). Results: Although word generation and sentence generation both gave robust left-lateralisation, lateralisation was significantly stronger for sentence generation. Bland-Altman analysis showed that these two methods were not equivalent. The comparison list generation task was not systematically lateralised, but nevertheless laterality indices (LIs) from this task were significantly correlated with the other two tasks. Subtracting list generation LI from sentence generation LI did not affect the strength of the laterality index. Conclusions: This was a pre-registered methodological study designed to explore novel approaches to optimising measurement of language lateralisation using fTCD. It confirmed that sentence generation gives robust left lateralisation in most people, but is not equivalent to the classic word generation task. Although list generation does not show left-lateralisation at the group level, the LI on this task was correlated with left-lateralised tasks. This suggests that word and sentence generation involve adding a constant directional bias to an underlying continuum of laterality that is reliable in individuals but not biased in either direction. In future research we suggest that consistency of laterality across tasks might have more functional significance than strength or direction of laterality on any one task.

scholarly journals Measurement of language laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound: a comparison of different tasks

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe V.J. Woodhead ◽  
Holly A. Rutherford ◽  
Dorothy V.M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Generation Task ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Sentence Generation ◽  
Directional Bias ◽  
Word Generation ◽  
Language Laterality

Background: Relative blood flow in the two middle cerebral arteries can be measured using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) to give an index of lateralisation as participants perform a specific task. Language laterality has mostly been studied with fTCD using a word generation task, but it is not clear whether this is optimal. Methods: Using fTCD, we evaluated a sentence generation task that has shown good reliability and strong left lateralisation in fMRI. We interleaved trials of word generation, sentence generation and list generation and assessed agreement of these tasks in 31 participants (29 right-handers). Results: Although word generation and sentence generation both gave robust left-lateralisation, Bland-Altman analysis showed that these two methods were not equivalent. The comparison list generation task was not systematically lateralised, but nevertheless laterality indices (LIs) from this task were significantly correlated with the other two tasks. Subtracting list generation LI from sentence generation LI did not affect the strength of the laterality index. Conclusions: This was a pre-registered methodological study designed to explore novel approaches to optimising measurement of language lateralisation using fTCD. It confirmed that sentence generation gives robust left lateralisation in most people, but is not equivalent to the classic word generation task. Although list generation does not show left-lateralisation at the group level, the LI on this task was correlated with left-lateralised tasks. This suggests that word and sentence generation involve adding a constant directional bias to an underlying continuum of laterality that is reliable in individuals but not biased in either direction. In future research we suggest that consistency of laterality across tasks might have more functional significance than strength or direction of laterality on any one task.

scholarly journals Measurement of language laterality using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound: a comparison of different tasks

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe V.J. Woodhead ◽  
Holly A. Rutherford ◽  
Dorothy V.M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Generation Task ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Sentence Generation ◽  
Directional Bias ◽  
Word Generation ◽  
Language Laterality

Background: Relative blood flow in the two middle cerebral arteries can be measured using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) to give an index of lateralisation as participants perform a specific task. Language laterality has mostly been studied with fTCD using a word generation task, but it is not clear whether this is optimal. Methods: Using fTCD, we evaluated a sentence generation task that has shown good reliability and strong left lateralisation in fMRI. We interleaved trials of word generation, sentence generation and list generation and assessed agreement of these tasks in 31 participants (29 right-handers). Results: Although word generation and sentence generation both gave robust left-lateralisation, Bland-Altman analysis showed that these two methods were not equivalent. The comparison list generation task was not systematically lateralised, but nevertheless laterality indices (LIs) from this task were significantly correlated with the other two tasks. Subtracting list generation LI from sentence generation LI did not affect the strength of the laterality index. Conclusions: This was a pre-registered methodological study designed to explore novel approaches to optimising measurement of language lateralisation using fTCD. It confirmed that sentence generation gives robust left lateralisation in most people, but is not equivalent to the classic word generation task. Although list generation does not show left-lateralisation at the group level, the LI on this task was correlated with left-lateralised tasks. This suggests that word and sentence generation involve adding a constant directional bias to an underlying continuum of laterality that is reliable in individuals but not biased in either direction. In future research we suggest that consistency of laterality across tasks might have more functional significance than strength or direction of laterality on any one task.

scholarly journals Cerebral lateralisation of first and second languages in bilinguals assessed using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Dorothy V. M. Bishop ◽  
Clara R. Grabitz ◽  
Sophie C. Harte ◽  
Kate E. Watkins ◽  
Miho Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Age Of Acquisition ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Word Generation ◽  
Overt Speech ◽  
L1 And L2

Background: Lateralised language processing is a well-established finding in monolinguals. In bilinguals, studies using fMRI have typically found substantial regional overlap between the two languages, though results may be influenced by factors such as proficiency, age of acquisition and exposure to the second language. Few studies have focused specifically on individual differences in brain lateralisation, and those that have suggested reduced lateralisation may characterise representation of the second language (L2) in some bilingual individuals. Methods: In Study 1, we used functional transcranial Doppler sonography (FTCD) to measure cerebral lateralisation in both languages in high proficiency bilinguals who varied in age of acquisition (AoA) of L2. They had German (N = 14) or French (N = 10) as their first language (L1) and English as their second language. FTCD was used to measure task-dependent blood flow velocity changes in the left and right middle cerebral arteries during phonological word generation cued by single letters. Language history measures and handedness were assessed through self-report. Study 2 followed a similar format with 25 Japanese (L1) /English (L2) bilinguals, with proficiency in their second language ranging from basic to advanced, using phonological and semantic word generation tasks with overt speech production. Results: In Study 1, participants were significantly left lateralised for both L1 and L2, with a high correlation (r = .70) in the size of laterality indices for L1 and L2. In Study 2, again there was good agreement between LIs for the two languages (r = .77 for both word generation tasks). There was no evidence in either study of an effect of age of acquisition, though the sample sizes were too small to detect any but large effects.  Conclusion: In proficient bilinguals, there is strong concordance for cerebral lateralisation of first and second language as assessed by a verbal fluency task.

scholarly journals Transcranial Doppler Evaluation of the Cerebral Vasculature in Women Patients who Have Migraine with Aura

Pain Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3012-3017
Author(s):  
Igor Petrušić ◽  
Ana Podgorac ◽  
Aleksandra Radojičić ◽  
Jasna Zidverc-Trajković
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Migraine With Aura ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Cerebrovascular Reactivity ◽  
Breath Holding ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Background Previous studies suggest that increased cerebrovascular reactivity might be a feature of patients who have migraine with aura (MwA). The correlation between the clinical presentation of migraine with aura and transcranial Doppler parameters remains unclear. Objective The main aim of this study was to explore cerebral blood flow, vascular resistance, and cerebrovascular reactivity in women MwA. Also, the relationships between hemodynamic conditions and aura characteristics are examined. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Headache Center, Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Serbia. Subjects Fifty-four women MwA and 49 healthy controls (HCs). Methods Transcranial Doppler sonography examination was used to determine blood flow mean velocity (MV) and pulsatility index (PI), as well as breath-holding index (BHI), in 15 arterial segments comprising the circle of Willis. Results A total of 54 women MwA and 49 HCs were studied. The PIs of all segments of the left and right middle cerebral arteries and the left and right anterior cerebral arteries were significantly higher in MwA with regards to HCs. Also, both the left and right BHIs were significantly higher in MwA than HCs. In addition, MVs of the right vertebral artery and the first segment of the basilar artery were significantly lower in MwA than HCs. Longer duration of migraine aura showed a weak negative correlation with the PI of the left posterior cerebral artery. Conclusions Our findings suggest increased vessel pulsatility, abnormal cerebrovascular reactivity, and decreased cerebral blood flow velocity in several arterial segments of the Willis circle in women MwA.

Cerebral hemodynamics in schizophrenia during the Trail Making Test: A functional transcranial Doppler sonography study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S107-S107 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Schuepbach ◽  
S. Egger ◽  
S.C. Herpertz
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Cerebral Hemodynamics ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Functional Transcranial Doppler Sonography

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a severe mental disorder, with complex symptoms involving psychosis, negative symptoms and cognitive impairment. The Trail Making Test (TMT) has been widely used to assess attention and executive function. Functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD) of basal cerebral arteries allows monitoring of aberrant cerebral hemodynamics during cognitive tasks in this patient group.ObjectivesWe assessed cerebral hemodynamics in the middle cerebral arteries (MCA) using fTCD while patients with schizophrenia and healthy subjects performed the TMT and a control task.MethodsFifteen patients with chronic schizophrenia and 15 healthy controls performed the TMT-A and -B during fTCD measurements of the MCA. Dependent measures were performance, mean cerebral blood flow velocity (MFV) and the lateralization.ResultsPatients demonstrated an overall decreased speed of solution (P = 0.002), and there was no significant effect of age. They showed a significantly increased flow pattern for the TMT-B (P = 0.005). There were no lateralization differences between diagnostic groups.ConclusionsThere was a performance deficit in patients with schizophrenia for both TMT-A and -B that fits well with results of existing literature. The aberrant hemodynamic response supports the idea that cognitive performance elicits an aberrant cerebral hemodynamic correlate. It adds to the notion that fTCD is a valuable tool to correlate psychological paradigms with brain perfusion in patients with schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Transcranial Doppler Sonography in Familial Hemiplegic Migraine

Cephalalgia ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Pierelli ◽  
Flavia Pauri ◽  
Letizia Maria Cupini ◽  
Giancarlo Fiermonte ◽  
Paolo Andrea Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Familial Hemiplegic Migraine ◽  
Hemiplegic Migraine ◽  
Haemodynamic Changes ◽  
The Right

A patient affected by familial hemiplegic migraine underwent Transcranial Doppler Sonography twice: the first during a spontaneous attack with right hemiparesis and aphasia, the second during a headache-free period. During the attack the following haemodynamic changes were seen: (a) bilateral increase in the middle cerebral artery and anterior cerebral artery blood flow velocities (this increase was more pronounced on the left side), (b) decreased systo-diastolic ratio and pulsatility index on the right side, (c) increased systo-diastolic ratio and pulsatility index on the left side. Our results indicate that during the attack in this familial hemiplegic migraine patient a diffuse vasoconstriction of the basal cerebral arteries developed. Moreover, Transcranial Doppler Sonography data suggest that a prolonged vasoconstriction of the peripheral arterioles could play a role in determining the neurological symptoms in this syndrome.

Transcranial Doppler Sonography in Children

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. S68-S76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Bode ◽  
Alec Eden
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Flow Velocities

The blood flow velocities in the basal cerebral arteries can be recorded at any age by transcranial Doppler sonography. By a standardized examination technique, the vessel identification is reliable even without visual control of the site of the sample volume. A stable state of vigilance is necessary to obtain constant recordings. Age has a tremendous influence on the flow velocities. The velocities increase rapidly during the first weeks and reach their maximum around the sixth year of life. The influence of carbon dioxide partial pressure, gestational age, birth weight, hematocrit, and vigilance on the velocities has to be considered. Heart rate and arterial blood pressure are relevant only in cases of extreme values. The clinical applications of transcranial Doppler sonography cover diseases like patent ductus arteriosus, perinatal brain damage, increased intracranial pressure, cerebral malformations, brain death, and stenoses and occlusions of main cerebral arteries. The technique is helpful for control of certain therapies. A continuous recording technique has also been developed for this purpose. Care should be taken in deriving a prognosis from Doppler recordings. (J Child Neurol 1989;4:S68-S76).

scholarly journals Cerebral lateralisation of first and second languages in bilinguals assessed using functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara R. Grabitz ◽  
Kate E. Watkins ◽  
Dorothy V. M. Bishop
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Second Languages ◽  
Language History ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
L1 And L2

Background: Lateralised representation of language in monolinguals is a well-established finding, but the situation is much less clear when there is more than one language. Studies to date have identified a number of factors that might influence the brain organisation of language in bilinguals. These include proficiency, age of acquisition and exposure to the second language. The question as to whether the cerebral lateralisation of first and second languages are the same or different is as yet unresolved. Methods: We used functional transcranial Doppler sonography (FTCD) to measure cerebral lateralisation in the first and second languages in 26 high proficiency bilinguals with German or French as their first language (L1) and English as their second language (L2). FTCD was used to measure task-dependent blood flow velocity changes in the left and right middle cerebral arteries during word generation cued by single letters. Language history measures and handedness were assessed through self-report questionnaires. Results:The majority of participants were significantly left lateralised for both L1 and L2, with no significant difference in the size of asymmetry indices between L1 and L2. Asymmetry indices for L1 and L2 were not related to language history, such as proficiency of the L2. Conclusion: In highly proficient bilinguals, there is strong concordance for cerebral lateralisation of first and second languages.

scholarly journals Investigating the effects of handedness on the consistency of lateralisation for speech production and semantic processing tasks using functional transcranial Doppler sonography

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Bruckert ◽  
Paul Andrew Thompson ◽  
Kate E Watkins ◽  
Dorothy Vera Margaret Bishop ◽  
Zoe Victoria Joan Woodhead
Keyword(s):  
Speech Production ◽  
Transcranial Doppler ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Transcranial Doppler Sonography ◽  
Semantic Association ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Word Generation ◽  
Functional Transcranial Doppler Sonography

The left hemisphere is dominant for language in most people, but lateralisation strength varies between different tasks and individuals. A large body of literature has shown that handedness is associated with lateralisation: left handers have weaker language lateralisation on average, and a greater incidence of atypical (right hemisphere) lateralisation; but typically these studies have relied on a single measure of language lateralisation. Here we consider the relationships between lateralisation for two different language tasks. We investigated the influence of handedness on lateralisation using functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD), using an existing dataset (N=151 adults, 21 left handed). We compared a speech production task (word generation) and a semantic association task. We demonstrated stronger left-lateralisation for word generation than semantic association; and a moderate correlation between laterality indices for the two tasks (r=0.59). Laterality indices were stronger for right than left handers, and left handers were more likely than right handers to have atypical (right hemisphere) lateralisation or inconsistent lateralisation between the two tasks. These results add to our knowledge of individual differences in lateralisation, and support the view that language lateralisation is multifactorial rather than unitary.

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