Effect of environmental temperature at the milky stage on amylose content and fine structure of amylopectin of waxy and nonwaxy endosperm starches of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Abstrak. Beras (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman pangan yang berfungsi sebagai tanaman pokok selain gandum dan jagung di Indonesia, dikarenakan mengandung nutrisi yang dibutuhkan tubuh seperti karbohidrat, protein, air dan lemak. Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk maka permintaan terhadap beras semakin meningkat. Permintaan tersebut sangat ditentukan oleh selera konsumen yang dipengaruhi oleh kualitas beras yaitu mutu fisik (ukuran dan bentuk butiran, rendemen dan pengapuran), mutu tanak (kadar amilosa dan suhu gelatinisasi) dan mutu rasa (tekstur dan aroma). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas beberapa galur padi mutan M4 hasil iradiasi sinar gamma. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ilmu dan Teknologi Benih, Laboratorium Analisis Pangan dan Hasil Pertanian, Laboratorium Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi Pakan dan Laboratorium Fisiologi Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Syiah Kuala, serta Laboratorium Departemen Ilmu dan Teknologi Pangan Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Institut Pertanian Bogor, yang berlangsung pada bulan April hingga Juli 2018. Rancangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola non faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian ini berupa galur (G) dengan 5 taraf, yaitu i-Snb (G0) kontrol, O-39e (G1), O-57d (G2), O-57e (G3) dan O-88j (G4). Parameter yang diamati yaitu sifat fisik beras (densitas kamba, derajat sosoh, dimensi beras rendemen beras giling, dan warna). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa galur mutan M4 berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap kualitas sifat fisik rendemen beras giling dan warna nilai L (kecerahan). Rendemen beras giling terbaik galur O-39e (70,33%) dan warna nilai L (kecerahan) galur O-88j (117,90). Perlakuan terbaik secara kumulatif untuk sifat fisik beras yaitu pada i-Snb.. Physical Quality of Rice (Oryza sativa L. ) M4 Mutant Results of Gamma Ray IrradiationAbstract. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of main food which the function is to be staple food beside wheat and corn in Indonesia because it contains nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, water, and fat. Towards the increasing populations, the demand of rice is increasing as well. The demand is largerly depends on the consumer taste affected by the quality of rice which are physical quality (size and grain shape, rendemen, and calcification), cooked quality (amylose content and gelatinization temperature) and flavor quality (texture and smell). The purpose of this research was to investigate the quality of rice from several M4 mutant line resulting from gamma ray irradiation. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Seed Science and Technology and Laboratory of Food and Agricultural Analysis, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, from the month April to July 2018. The design used in this study was based on a non-factorial completely randomize design with 3 replications and continued with the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) level of 5% on a significant F test results. The results showed that the M4 mutant line had a very significant effect on the quality of physical properties, the yield of milled rice and the best color L (brightness), namely on the O-88j and O-39e line.

Download Full-text

Effects of environmental temperature at the early developmental stage of seeds on the characteristics of endosperm starches of rice(Oryza sativa L.).

Journal of the Japanese Society of Starch Science ◽

10.5458/jag1972.36.1 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Masako ASAOKA ◽

Kazutoshi OKUNO ◽

Kumiko HARA ◽

Mieko OBA ◽

Hidetsuau FUWA

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Developmental Stage ◽

Environmental Temperature ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Early Developmental Stage ◽

Early Developmental

Download Full-text

A new mutant gene lowering amylose content in endosperm starch of rice, Oryza sativa L.

Ikushugaku zasshi ◽

10.1270/jsbbs1951.33.387 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 387-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Kazutoshi OKUNO ◽

Hidetsugu FUWA ◽

Masahiro YANO

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Mutant Gene ◽

Endosperm Starch

Download Full-text

Molecular Characterization of Wx-mq, a Novel Mutant Gene for Low-amylose Content in Endosperm of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Breeding Science ◽

10.1270/jsbbs.52.131 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 131-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Sato ◽

Yasuhiro Suzuki ◽

Makoto Sakai ◽

Tokio Imbe

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Mutant Gene

Download Full-text

Combining ability studies for yield, associated traits and quality attributes in rice for South Gujarat (Oryza sativa L.)

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v9i1.1151 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 60-67

Author(s):

Navin Chander Gahtyari ◽

P. I. Patel ◽

Rakesh Choudhary ◽

Sudhir Kumar ◽

Naveen Kumar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Plant Height ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Block Design ◽

General Combining Ability ◽

Specific Combining Ability ◽

Kernel Length

Line x tester analysis using a set of four females, ten males and their forty hybrids was carried out to esti-mate the general combining ability of parents and specific combining ability of hybrids for yield and ten other associ-ated components in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in a Randomized Block Design during Kharif 2011. GCA variances for females (s2f) were significant at 0.1% level of significance for plant height (40.8), no. of grains per panicle (505.9), grain yield per plant (29.1), test weight(17.9), straw yield per plant (61.3) and kernel L/B ratio (0.2) whereas specific combining ability (SCA) variances for f x m interactions were highly significant for all the characters. Non-additive gene action was prevalent in all characters (Range: 0.03 in amylose content to 0.88 in kernel length breadth ratio) except plant height (1.33) as evident by low GCA to SCA ratio. None of the parents were good general combiner for all traits, however, female IR-28 and male AMT-119 and PNR-546 were good general combiners for a maximum number of traits i.e. five traits out of eleven.. The general combining ability for grain yield per plant for female parent Gurjari (6.19) and NVSR-178 (5.29); and male parents AMT 119 (2.73) and PNR 546 (2.44) makes them a good choice for improving yields in a hybridization programme as these female and male parents are also having signifi-cant GCA effects for maximum number of yield associated traits i.e. four and five traits out of eleven for female and male parents respectively. A vis-à-vis comparison of top three specific combining ability crosses with their mean performance showed correlation and these crosses were having at least one good general combining ability parent.

Download Full-text

Inheritance Studies of Amylose Content, Yield and Grain Quality Characters in Different Rice Genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)

Journal of Plant Production ◽

10.21608/jpp.2021.79720.1034 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 645-650

Author(s):

Nessreen Bassuony

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Rice Genotypes

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Physicochemical and Cooking Characteristics of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Landraces of Lamjung and Tanahun Districts, Nepal

International Journal of Food Science ◽

10.1155/2020/1589150 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amrit Pokhrel ◽

Anup Dhakal ◽

Shishir Sharma ◽

Ankur Poudel

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Principal Components ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Milled Rice ◽

Cooking Properties ◽

Rice Landraces ◽

Apparent Amylose Content ◽

Modern Varieties

After the Green Revolution, the increase in the choice of modern varieties at the expense of landraces has become a major cause of varietal loss. The preference, choice, and the economy of rice (Oryza sativa L.) largely depend on its physicochemical and cooking properties, which are found to be superior for landraces than modern varieties. In this study, we assessed and evaluated milled rice of 30 rice landraces on their physicochemical and cooking characteristics which aim to promote the revival of old landraces. Six parameters of physical properties, four parameters of chemical properties, and five parameters of cooking properties were evaluated based on the standard protocols. Significant variations (p<0.05) were found in all the properties that were evaluated. The result showed that the highest milling recovery was found in Indrabeli (75.55%) whereas the lowest was found in Kalo Masino (66.98%) and bulk density ranged from 0.81 g/cm3 to 0.88 g/cm3 showing not much variability. Although most of them were of medium grain type, their 1000 kernel weight varied between 12.62 g and 25.65 g. From the observed chemical properties, Pahelo Anadi (9.73±0.55 mm) showed the highest gel consistency and lowest apparent amylose content (7.23±0.36%). Also, 13% of landraces possessed strong aroma while noble cooking properties were showed by Thakali Lahare Marsi with the highest elongation ratio (2.41±0.05) and by Chiniya with the lowest gruel solid loss (0.033±0.03%) and minimum optimum cooking time (23.45±0.03 min). In the principal component analysis, the first four principal components retained 73.8% of the variance. The first and second principal components were mostly related with the physical and chemical characteristics while the third and fourth principal components were concerned with cooking characters. Superior characters possessed by rice landraces can be further assessed for the breeding programs so that the cultivation of these cherished rice landraces can be enhanced.

Download Full-text