scholarly journals Infestation of Magulacra nigripennata Dognin (Lepidoptera: Cossidae) in a commercial cupuassu plantation in Nova Califórnia, Rondônia State, Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. e912
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Souza Santos ◽  
Tadário Kamel de Oliveira ◽  
Giordano Bruno da Silva Oliveira ◽  
Taysa Faltz Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Rainforest ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Theobroma Grandiflorum ◽  
The People ◽  
Adult Insect ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Random Survey ◽  
Wood Borer

The cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd ex Sprengel) K. Schum.) is a native tree from the tropical rainforest and one of the most important fruit trees in the Amazon region. Its pulp and seeds are widely used in the alimentary industry, as well as food by the people of northern Brazil. Among the factors that can compromise the production of cupuassu are the attack of diseases and insect pests. The aim of this work is to report the attack of a wood-borer lepidopteran in commercial cupuassu plantation located in the district of Nova Califórnia, Rondônia State, Brazil. In April 2019 an infestation of a wood-borer insect was observed causing the death of branches. Branches containing caterpillars in their inside were collected and taken to the Entomology Laboratory of the Embrapa Acre, where they were placed in a screened cage. After about 60 days, an adult insect emerged, which was identified as Magulacra nigripennata, a lepidopteran associated with cocoa and cupuassu plantations in that country. A random survey of 100 plants in the plantation area detected an infestation level of 36%, indicating the harmful potential of this pest to the cupuassu crops in the Amazon region.

scholarly journals Braga nasuta (Cymothoidae): an ectoparasite of the Giant Amazonian fish Arapaima gigas (Osteoglossidae) fingerlings cultured in the Amazon region in Northern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 507511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elson Cardoso de Jesus ◽  
Lucas Cardoso ◽  
Tamiris Henrique Ferreira ◽  
Mauricio Laterça Martins ◽  
Marília Danyelle Nunes Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Region ◽  
Amazonian Fish ◽  
Arapaima Gigas ◽  
Northern Brazil

Considerations in experiments for the control of codling moth (Cydia pomonella (L.)) in apples

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
KM Cellier
Keyword(s):  
No Reduction ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Sampling Procedure ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Plot Size ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Individual Trees

A study was made of some aspects to be considered in experiments for the control of codling moth in apples. Examination of the number of fruit damaged by either deep entries or stings in samples of 100 fruit showed that the counts of damaged fruit could be considered as random samples from a Poisson (or binomial) distribution both within trees and also in plots up to a size of four test trees. An optimum plot size and sampling procedure was determined in experiments for the control of codling moth in apples. A single-tree plot with four samples per tree is optimum for unguarded plots, and plots of either one, two, three, or four trees with four samples per tree are satisfactory for guarded plots where the trees are hand-sprayed. Guarding seems an unnecessary safeguard and expense for hand-sprayed plots. Where "Air-Blast" spray machines are used, large plots with a double guard row are necessary, and it is sufficient to examine two to four samples per tree. It is suggested that Smith's heterogeneity law can be used to obtain the optimum plot size in experiments for the control of insect pests, and possibly of diseases on fruit trees. No reduction in experimental error was obtained by using the crop size of individual trees as a covariate in an analysis of covariance.

scholarly journals Tachinid flies (Diptera: Tachinidae, Tachininae) – parasites of insect pests

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
T. O. Markova ◽  
M. V. Маslov ◽  
N. V. Repsh ◽  
A. S. Sakhnov
Keyword(s):  
Larval Stage ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Trophic Relations ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The study area included 127 species of parasites from the Tachininae subfamily (Diptera: Tachinidae) belonging to 53 genera and 14 tribes. The study was conducted in 2008-2018 in Primorsky Territory. Presently the list of tachinid fl ies with known hosts is made up of 52 species (40.9% of the total number). The Tachininae parasitize insect orders of Lepidoptera (86.6% of the total number of species with known data), Coleoptera (9.6%), Diptera (1.9%), Dermaptera (1.9%). Among representatives of Lepidoptera, species of Noctuidae (34.1%), Lymantriidae (10.7%) and Tortricidae (9.2%) families prevail. During the study, 28 host species of tachinids fl ies were revealed in the Lepidoptera order which are pests of agricultural crops, park, garden and forest vegetation. These insects, in the larval stage, feed on leaves, flower buds, flowers and fruits of trees and shrubs. They also damage fruit trees, park plants, sown seedlings, grain crops, basal parts and stems of vegetables. In the order of Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae family, 3 species are classifi ed as pests.It is for the fi rst time that the information was given on parasitizing of Тachina fera L. in caterpillars Spodoptera exigua Hbn. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Parhamaxia discalis Mesn. in imago Holotrichia parallela Motsch. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Hamaxia incongrua Walk. in imago Gametis jucunda (Fald.) and Anomala luculenta Er. (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Mikia tepens Walk. in caterpillars Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). The study of the fauna of Tachinidae and trophic relations in the larval stage is of great scientifi c and practical importance in the fi ght against insect pests of agriculture and forestry.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal plants in Parammakonda, Konada, Nareduvalasa and Jayathi sacred groves in Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jhansi Katta ◽  
Khasim S.M. ◽  
Venkatesh R.M.
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Andhra Pradesh ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Sacred Groves ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethnobotanical Uses ◽  
Leaf Part ◽  
Scientific Name

Sacred Groves are the places of Natural vegetation being protected by the people with a firm belief on Nature and God. The tradition of worshipping nature, trees is a practise all over the world. This made them rich with flora and biological wealth. The groves are beneficial to mankind as they had medicinal, economical, agricultural and edible plants. The present groves are Parammakonda, Jayathi, Nareduvalasa and Konada. Ethnobotanical uses of 103 species belonging to 95 genera and 53 families used by  the tribal Kondadora, fishermen and other people  are identified and the local name, scientific name, family, habit and uses are documented during the study. Maximum species belong to Euphorbiaceae (8) and Fabaceae (8). The tribal people are using more plant species for treating skin diseases. The leaf part is profusely used followed by stem, root and fruit, trees are used mostly for the herbal medicine. Many plant species which are endemic, endangered and rare are also preserved in the groves. They are the repositories of genetic diversity and play an impotant role in cleaning environment. They play multifunctional role in local communities, thus there is an urgent need to conserve them and to protect the biodiversity.

Community and infracommunities of metazoan parasites in Hemiodus unimaculatus (Hemiodontidae) from Jari River basin, a tributary of Amazon River (Brazil)

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Odonei Moia Almeida ◽  
Marcos Sidney Brito Oliveira ◽  
Marcos Tavares-Dias
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Amazon River ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Random Dispersion ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Parasites are an important part of biodiversity, and knowledge of species and their relationship with their hosts helps in monitoring an ecosystem over time. The aim of this study was to investigate the fauna of metazoan parasites in Hemiodus unimaculatus from the Jari River, in the eastern Amazon region, northern Brazil. Of the fish examined, 96.7% were parasitized by one or more species, and a total of 336 parasites such as Dactylogyridae gen. sp.1, Dactylogyridae gen. sp.2, Dactylogyridae gen. sp.3, Dactylogyridae gen. sp.4, Gyrodactilydae gen. sp., Urocleidoides sp.1, Urocleidoides sp.2, Urocleidoides sp.3, metacercariae of Digenea gen. sp., Procamallanus (Spirocamallanus) inopinatus, Contracaecum sp., Neoechinorhynchus sp. and Acarina gen. sp. The parasite community showed low Brillouin diversity (0.58 ± 0.29), low evenness (0.44 ± 0.21) and low species richness (7.40 ± 3.83). There was a predominance of ectoparasites, mainly monogeneans and digeneans. The parasites showed an aggregate dispersion, except for P. (S.) inopinatus, which had a random dispersion. The size of the hosts had no effect on diversity, species richness and abundance of parasites, but other factors structured the parasite community. This is the first study on the parasite community and infracommunities in H. unimaculatus.

A new species of Xenylla Tullberg, 1869 (Collembola: Hypogastruridae) from Central Amazon, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4347 (1) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
ANA C. R. NEVES ◽  
MARIA C. MENDONÇA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Amazon Forest ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the cosmopolitan genus Xenylla Tullberg, 1869 is herein described and illustrated. The new species, Xenylla hodori sp. nov., from the Amazon Forest of Northern Brazil, resembles X. capixaba Fernandes & Mendonça, 2010 and X. welchi Folsom, 1916 due, the number of eyes, chaetotaxy head and shape of furca. X. hodori sp. nov. is the second species recorded for the Brazilian Amazon Region. 

THE LATERITIC BAUXITE DEPOSIT OF RONDON DO PARÁ: A NEW GIANT DEPOSIT IN THE AMAZON REGION, NORTHERN BRAZIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1277-1290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saulo Batista de Oliveira ◽  
Marcondes Lima da Costa ◽  
Hélcio José dos Prazeres Filho
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Region ◽  
Bauxite Deposit ◽  
Northern Brazil

Role of Woodpeckers in Control of the Codling Moth in Nova Scotia

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. MacLellan
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Forest Trees ◽  
Agricultural Crops

The value of woodpeckers in insect control has been recognized by entomologists for many years. Woodpeckers seek out and destroy many of the hidden insect pests of forest, shade and fruit trees and in the stalks or stems of agricultural crops. In forest trees, these birds have been reported destroying buprestid larvae and prepupae (1, 4, 16), cerambycid larvae and pupae (9, 10), and scolytid beetles (11-15, 18).

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