Observações sobre o Comportamento Predatório de Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus Stal (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) em Plantas de Feijão Guandu.

Os inimigos naturais são os principais responsáveis pela mortalidade de insetos-praga na maioria dos agroecossistemas, e encontram-se distribuídos principalmente nas ordens Coleoptera, Neuroptera e Hemiptera. Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus (Stål, 1860) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) é um predador polífago presente principalmente na cultura do fumo (Nicotiana tabacum L.). Com este trabalho objetivou-se observar o comportamento predatório de C. nigroannulatus sobre plantas de feijão guandu. As observações e coletas dos insetos foram feitas semanalmente, entre julho e setembro de 2005, na área experimental de Entomologia do Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Biológicas e Ambientais da Universidade Federal da Bahia UFBA/UFRB. Do total de plantas observadas, 37% continham a presença do predador, com um baixo índice de predação, 7,05%, talvez influenciada pela pequena quantidade de presas presentes nas plantas. Mais pesquisas são necessárias para melhor avaliar o potencial deste predador nos agroecossistemas. Futuramente poderá ser uma alternativa potencial de controle biológico de pragas. Records of the predatory behavior of Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus (Stål, 1860) (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) in pingeonpea crop Abstract. The natural enemies are main the responsible ones for the mortality of pests in the majority of agroecosystems, and meet mainly distributed in the orders Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Hemiptera. Cosmoclopius nigroannulatus (Stål, 1860) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) is a present predator polyphagous mainly in the crop of the tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). The objective of this research it was to evaluate the predatory behavior of C. nigroannulatus on pingeonpea crop. The comments and collections of the insects had been made weekly, between July and September of 2005, in plants pingeonpea in the experimental area of Entomology of the Center of Agrarian, Biological and Ambient Sciences of the Universidade Federal da Bahia UFBA/UFRB. Of the allof observed plants, only 37% of them contained the presence of the predator, the prerestitution index were low, only 7.05%, influenced for the small amount of preys found in the plants. More research is necessary better to evaluate the potential of this predator in agroecosystems. In the future it could be a potential alternative of biological control of pests.

Download Full-text

Occurrence of social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in farming of organic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) in south of Brazil

Sociobiology ◽

10.13102/sociobiology.v67i1.4598 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 106

Author(s):

Karine Schoeninger ◽

Alexandre Somavilla ◽

Andreas Kohler

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Social Wasps ◽

Malaise Trap ◽

Control Programs ◽

Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽

South Of Brazil ◽

Species Being ◽

Occurrence Of Species

This work aims to recognize and record the occurrence of species of social wasps (Polistinae) in organic tobacco crops, as well as to point out possible species that may be used in future biological control programs. The research was conducted in Virginia-type tobacco farming with organic management in two regions in south of Brazil. The collections were carried out with Malaise trap, during the harvests 2008/2009, 2009/2010 and 2010/2011. A total of 2.738 wasps, from which 23 species distributed in six genera was collected. Polistes was the most diverse genus (8 species), followed by Polybia, Mischocyttarus, Agelaia, Bachygastra and Protonectarina. Polybia scutellaris was the most abundant species, being considered eudominant. Agelaia multipicta and Polybia sericea with are also among the most abundant. This information is relevant for the insertion of social wasps with potential agents in the biological control of tobacco pests.

Download Full-text

Respostas quimiotáxicas de Orius insidiosus (Say) ao complexo Nicotiana tabacum L., Myzus persicae (Sulzer) e fitormônios

EntomoBrasilis ◽

10.12741/ebrasilis.v12i3.834 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 97-102

Author(s):

Dânia Vieira Branco Ozorio ◽

Luiza Rodrigues Redaelli ◽

Simone Mundstock Jahnke ◽

Josue Sant Ana

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Nicotiana Tabacum ◽

Methyl Jasmonate ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Defense Mechanisms ◽

Orius Insidiosus ◽

Feeding Sites ◽

Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽

Volatile Chemical Compounds

Resumo. Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), conhecido como um dos principais predadores de pequenos artrópodes como tripes, pulgões, ácaros e pequenas lagartas sendo uma espécie polífaga, que pode ser encontrada em diferentes agroecossistemas. Este predador é mundialmente usado para controle de populações de pulgões, os quais podem ser vetores de diversas viroses que ocorrem em tabaco. A sobrevivência de predadores pode estar associada à sua capacidade de utilizar pistas químicas provenientes das presas ou das plantas em herbivoria para localizar sítios de alimentação. A emissão de voláteis de defesa indireta de plantas é um dos mecanismos utilizado para atrair inimigos naturais e também pode ser ativado na presença de fitormônios, como metil jasmonato e ácido salicílico. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as respostas quimiotáxicas de fêmeas de O. insidiosus frente a plantas Nicotiana tabacum L. (Solanaceae) infestadas ou não com Myzus persicae (Sulzer)(Hemiptera:Aphididae), ao odor do pulgão e a plantas aspergidas com ácido salicílico e metil jasmonato. As fêmeas foram avaliadas em olfatômetro de dupla escolha, expostas, individualmente, a cada um dos tratamentos contrastando com o controle em sala climatizada (25 ± 5 ºC, 60 ± 10% UR). As fêmeas somente foram atraídas para plantas quando estavam infestadas (p < 0,001), porém o odor de pulgões, isoladamente, não teve efeito atrativo (p = 0,4386). Plantas aspergidas com fitormônios não atraíram as fêmeas do predador (p > 0,05). Voláteis produzidos por plantas de tabaco sob a ação da herbivoria de M. persicae atraem O. insidiosus o que evidencia que esta espécie utiliza sinomônios como estratégia de busca e localização de presas.Responses of Orius insidiosus (Say) to Nicotiana tabacum L., Myzus persicae (Sulzer) complex and phytohormonesAbstract. Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is one of the major predators of small arthropods such as thrips, aphids, mite, eggs and small caterpillars. It is a polyphagous specie, and can be find in many agrosystems. This predator is used globally to control populations of aphids, which can be vectors of several viruses that occur in tobacco. The predator's survival may be associated with their ability for use chemical cues from the prey or plants damaged by herbivores to locate feeding sites. The emission of volatile chemical compounds is one of the defense mechanisms of plants to attract natural enemies. The emission of volatiles from plants associated with indirect defense is used to attract natural enemies and can also be activated in the presence of phytohormones such as methyl jasmonate and salicylic acid. This work aimed to evaluate the chemotactic responses of O. insidiosus females against plants Nicotiana tabacum L. (Solanaceae) infested and not infested with Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), odor of aphid and plants sprayed with salicylic acid and methyl jasmonate. The females were evaluated in a double-choice olfactometer, individually, exposed to each of the treatments, contrasting with the control in a labor room (25 ± 5 ºC, 60 ± 10% RH). Females were only attracted to plants when they were infested (p <0.001), but the aphid odor alone had no attractive effect (p = 0.4386). None of the plants with phytohormones attracted females (p> 0.05). Volatile compounds produced by tobacco plants under the action of herbivory of M. persicae attract O. insidiosus indicating that this species uses synomones as search strategy and location of prey.

Download Full-text

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-in1186-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 (6) ◽

Author(s):

James P. Cuda ◽

Patricia Prade ◽

Carey R. Minteer-Killian

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

North America ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Host Plants ◽

Classical Biological Control ◽

Biological Control Agents ◽

Pepper Tree ◽

Brazilian Pepper ◽

Close Relatives ◽

Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

Download Full-text