Determination of Ephedrine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulations and in Urine Samples Using a New Coated Graphite Electrode = تقدير هيدروكلوريد الأيفيدرين في العينات الدوائية و البول باستخدام قطب الكربون المغطى

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 61-82
Author(s):  
Hazem M. Abu Shawish ◽  
Ghada I. Khraish
Keyword(s):  
Graphite Electrode ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Ephedrine Hydrochloride ◽  
Coated Graphite Electrode

scholarly journals Use of a Ruthenium(III), Iron(II), and Nickel(II) Hexacyanometallate-Modified Graphite Electrode with Immobilized Oxalate Oxidase for the Determination of Urinary Oxalate

2001 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1927-1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stjepan Milardović ◽  
Zorana Grabarić ◽  
Vlatko Rumenjak ◽  
Nenad Blau ◽  
Dražen Milošević
Keyword(s):  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Graphite Electrode ◽  
Oxalate Oxidase ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Urinary Oxalate ◽  
Catalyzed Oxidation ◽  
Linear Concentration Range ◽  
Linear Concentration

Abstract This paper describes the performance of a biosensor with an Ru(III), Ni(II), and Fe(II) hexacyanometallate-modified graphite electrode and immobilized oxalate oxidase for the determination of urinary oxalate. The addition of ruthenium enhances the electrochemical reversibility and chemical stability of the electrocrystallized layer and improves the sensitivity of the biosensor. Hydrogen peroxide, produced by the enzyme-catalyzed oxidation of oxalate, was measured at −50 mV vs an Hg|Hg2Cl2|3M KCl electrode in a solution of pH 3.6 succinic buffer, 0.1M KCl, and 5.4mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The linear concentration range for the determination of oxalate was 0.18–280 μM. The recoveries of added oxalate (10–35 μM) from aqueous solution ranged from 99.5 to 101.7%, whereas from urine samples without oxalate (or with a concentration of oxalate below the detection limit) the recoveries of added oxalate ranged from 91.4 to 106.6%. The oxalate in 24 h urine samples, taken during their daily routine from 35 infants and children, was measured and found to range from 0.6 to 121.7 mg/L. There were no interferences from uric acid, acetylsalicylic acid, and urea in the concentration range investigated, but paracetamol and ascorbic acid did interfere. A good correlation (R2 = 0.9242) was found between values obtained for oxalate in real urine samples by 2 laboratories, with the proposed biosensor and ion chromatography, respectively.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Ephedrine Hydrochloride and Phenylephrine Hydrochloride

1982 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 894-898
Author(s):  
Mohamed M Amer ◽  
Aly M Taha ◽  
Salwa R El-Shabouri ◽  
Pakinaz Y Khashaba
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Amine Group ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Phenylephrine Hydrochloride ◽  
Secondary Amine Group ◽  
Ephedrine Hydrochloride ◽  
Colored Product ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A method is described for quantitative determination of the sympathomimetic amines ephedrine HCl and phenylephrine HCl. The method is based on the interaction of N-alkylvinylamine formed from the condensation of the free secondary amine group and acetaldehyde with chloranil to give a vinylaminosubstituted quinone. The colored product for ephedrine HCl and phenylephrine HCl exhibits 2 maximas at about 320 and 680 nm. All variables were studied to optimize reaction conditions. The relationship between absorbance and concentration was linear within 1-25 μg/mL under the conditions studied for both drugs at both wavelengths. The method has been applied to the analysis of some pharmaceutical formulations including tablets and eye drops with good recoveries (98.75-100.4%).

Electroanalytical determination of bumetanide employing a biomimetic sensor for detection of doping in sports

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. 5792-5798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayara Regina dos Santos Ruy ◽  
Eduardo Carneiro Figueira ◽  
Maria Del Pilar Taboada Sotomayor
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
New Method ◽  
Biomimetic Catalyst ◽  
P450 Enzyme ◽  
Doping In Sports ◽  
Biomimetic Sensor

This paper describes the development of a new method for the quantification of bumetanide in urine samples from athletes and in pharmaceutical formulations to detect doping, using a biomimetic sensor based on a biomimetic catalyst of the P450 enzyme.

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