scholarly journals Long-Term Exposure to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Lung Function in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 (12) ◽  
pp. 127008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Guo ◽  
Gerard Hoek ◽  
Ly-yun Chang ◽  
Yacong Bo ◽  
Changqing Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort Study ◽  
Longitudinal Cohort ◽  
Fine Particulate

scholarly journals Long-Term Exposure to Fine Particulate Matter, Lung Function and Cognitive Performance: A Prospective Dutch Cohort Study on the Underlying Routes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Aretz ◽  
Fanny Janssen ◽  
Judith M. Vonk ◽  
Michael T. Heneka ◽  
H. Marike Boezen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Black Carbon ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Fine Particulate

ABSTRACTBackgroundExposure to fine particulate matter and black carbon is related to cognitive impairment and poor lung function, but less is known about the routes taken by different types of air pollutants to affect cognition.ObjectivesWe tested two possible routes of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and black carbon (BC) in impairing cognition, and evaluated their importance: a direct route over the olfactory nerve or the blood stream, and an indirect route over the lung.MethodsWe used longitudinal observational data for 31232 people aged 18+ from 2006 to 2015 from the Dutch Lifelines cohort study. By linking current and past home addresses to air pollution exposure data from ELAPSE, long-term average exposure (≥ ten years) to PM2.5 and BC was calculated. Lung function was assessed by spirometry and Global Initiative (GLI) z-scores of forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were calculated. Cognitive performance was measured by cognitive processing time (CPT) assessed by the Cogstate Brief Battery. Linear structural equation modeling was performed to test the direct/indirect associations.ResultsHigher exposure to PM2.5 but not BC was directly related to higher CPT and thus slower cognitive processing speed [18.33 (×10−3) SD above the mean (95% CI: 6.84, 29.81)]. The direct association of PM2.5 constituted more than 97% of the total effect. Mediation by lung function was low for PM2.5 with a mediated proportion of 1.78% (FEV1) and 2.62% (FVC), but higher for BC (28.49% and 46.22% respectively).DiscussionOur results emphasize the importance of the lung acting as a mediator in the relationship between both exposure to PM2.5 and BC, and cognitive performance. However, higher exposure to PM2.5 was mainly directly associated with worse cognitive performance, which emphasizes the health-relevance of fine particles due to their ability to reach vital organs directly.

scholarly journals Long-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter and incidence of diabetes in China: A cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 568-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengchao Liang ◽  
Xueli Yang ◽  
Fangchao Liu ◽  
Jianxin Li ◽  
Qingyang Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Fine Particulate
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