scholarly journals Historical control background incidence of spontaneous pituitary gland lesions of Han-Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice used in 104-week carcinogenicity studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Isobe ◽  
James Baily ◽  
Sydney Mukaratirwa ◽  
Claudio Petterino ◽  
Alys Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Historical Control ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The Effects of Ad Libitum Overfeeding and Moderate and Marked Dietary Restriction on Age-Related Spontaneous Pituitary Gland Pathology in Sprague—Dawley Rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Molon-Noblot ◽  
Philippe Laroque ◽  
John B. Coleman ◽  
Chao-Min Hoe ◽  
Kevin P. Keenan
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum

The Effects of Ad Libitum Overfeeding and Moderate and Marked Dietary Restriction on Age-Related Spontaneous Pituitary Gland Pathology in Sprague-Dawley Rats

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvain Molon-Noblot ◽  
Philippe Laroque ◽  
John B. Coleman ◽  
Chao-Min Hoe ◽  
Kevin P. Keenan
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Dietary Restriction ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum

OESTROGENIC EFFECTS OF CATECHOL OESTROGENS ON SECRETION OF PROLACTIN BY THE PITUITARY GLAND AND SYNTHESIS OF DNA BY THE MAMMARY GLAND IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
REIKO YANAI ◽  
HIROSHI NAGASAWA
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

SUMMARY The effects of 2-hydroxyoestradiol-17β and 2-hydroxyoestriol (2OH-OE3) on levels of serum prolactin, DNA synthesis by the mammary gland and the weight of the uterus were examined in ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats. 2-Hydroxyoestradiol-17β had a potent oestrogenic activity in stimulating the secretion of prolactin by the pituitary gland, the synthesis of DNA by the mammary gland and in increasing the weight of the uterus. On the other hand, 2OH-OE3 increased the weight of the uterus only.

PITUITARY-ADRENAL RESPONSE TO ETHER STRESS IN THE NEONATAL RAT

1977 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. TANG ◽  
J. G. PHILLIPS
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Relative Lack ◽  
Neonatal Life ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Light Darkness ◽  
Adrenal Response ◽  
Mated Female

Wolfson Laboratory for Research in Gerontology, Department of Zoology, University of Hull, Hull, HU6 7RX (Received 20 June 1977) A relative lack of adrenocortical responsiveness to stress has been described in the rat during the period from day 2 to about day 16 of neonatal life (Schapiro, Geller & Eiduson, 1962; Levine, Glick & Nakane, 1967; Corte & Yasumura, 1975) and the reports to date seem to implicate a lack of response of the pituitary gland as the primary cause (Zarrow, Philpott & Denenberg, 1968; Donovan, 1970; Corte & Yasumura, 1975). Since very little work has been done on the response of the pituitary gland to stress in the neonatal rat, the present study was undertaken. Female Sprague–Dawley rats weighing 300 g were housed at 22 °C with a light : darkness cycle of 12 : 12 h. Mated female rats were isolated on day 1 of pregnancy, and after

ANTI-OESTROGENIC EFFECTS OF NAFOXIDINE ON THE SYNTHESIS OF DNA BY THE RAT PITUITARY GLAND

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. JACOBI ◽  
H. M. LLOYD
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Principal Actions

Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Clinical Sciences Building, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029, Australia Received 25 October 1977 One of the principal actions of oestrogens on their target organs is stimulation of the synthesis of DNA and cell division. In the rat pituitary gland, anti-oestrogens inhibit the oestrogen-induced increase in weight (Schreiber, Přibyl & Roháčová, 1972) and prevent the rise in the level of serum prolactin induced by oestradiol-17β (Jordan, Koerner & Robinson, 1975). The effects of anti-oestrogens on the synthesis of DNA by the pituitary gland have not been described. The experiments reported here show that the anti-oestrogen nafoxidine completely inhibits the synthesis of DNA and affects the secretion of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin in the male rat. Male Sprague–Dawley rats, 100 days old, were allowed free access to a pelleted diet and water and were maintained in a controlled environment (12 h light, 12 h darkness).

The mitogenic effects of corticotrophin-releasing factor on the anterior pituitary gland of the rat

1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. McNicol ◽  
M. A. G. Kubba ◽  
E. McTeague
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Gland ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Measurement Volume ◽  
Corticotrophin Releasing Factor ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Related Increase

ABSTRACT The immunohistochemically defined corticotroph population in the anterior pituitary gland of the adult male Sprague–Dawley rat has been quantified at 2 and 6 weeks after bilateral adrenalectomy using the stereological measurement, volume density (Vv). An approximately twofold increase in corticotroph Vv was demonstrated at 2 weeks in adrenalectomized rats compared with that in sham-operated controls and this was maintained at 6 weeks. Daily i.p. injections of ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF-41) induced a significant dose-related increase in corticotroph Vv when administered at doses of 25 and 50 μg/kg body weight, but this was less than the increase following adrenalectomy. Assessment of changes in mitotic activity of the total anterior lobe of adult Sprague–Dawley rats and of the corticotroph population was also made after daily i.p. injections of 50 μg CRF-41/kg for 2 and 7 days. There was no increase in overall mitotic index at either time. However, the numbers of mitotic corticotrophs were significantly increased in CRF-injected animals compared with those in saline-injected rats. These results indicate a role for CRF-41 in the regulation of corticotroph growth. J. Endocr. (1988) 118, 237–241

Developmental Toxicity Study of Pure trans-Capsaicin in Rats and Rabbits

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Chanda ◽  
Valerie Sharper ◽  
Alan Hoberman ◽  
Keith Bley
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Dietary Exposure ◽  
Historical Control ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Drug Products ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Effect Level ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Chili Peppers

Human environmental and dietary exposure to trans-capsaicin—the pungent ingredient in chili peppers—is ubiquitous. Moreover, based on the highly selective agonism of trans-capsaicin for TRPV1 receptors, drug products containing high concentrations of trans-capsaicin are under development as analgesics. For instance, a high-concentration (8% w/ w) pure trans-capsaicin dermal patch (designated NGX-4010) is in advanced clinical evaluation for the management of neuropathic pain of peripheral origin. Our objective was to investigate effects of trans-capsaicin on embryo/fetal development, consequent to maternal exposure, from implantation to closure of the hard palate. trans-Capsaicin was delivered systemically by means of either a patch [NGX-4010 (25, 37.5, or 50 cm2)] to pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats on days of presumed gestation (DGs) 7 through 17, or via a 10% w/ v capsaicin liquid formulation (CLF), at dosages of 3, 6.5 or 13 μl/cm2 applied to a 200-cm2 area on the back on DGs 7 though 19 to timed-mated New Zealand white rabbits. In rats, the maternal no-observable-effect level (NOEL) was less than 25 cm2 but no cesarean-sectioning or litter parameters were affected by application of NGX-4010 at patch sizes as high as 50 cm2. The only test article–related observations were delays in skeletal ossification, evident as significant reductions in the average number of metatarsals and ossified hindlimb and forelimb phalanges that occurred in the 50 cm2 NGX-4010 dose group. Although the values for ossified metatarsals were outside the historical control range, ossified hindlimb and forelimb phalanges were within historical control ranges. No other gross external, soft tissue, or skeletal fetal alterations (malformations or variations) were caused by application of the NGX-4010. In rabbits, the maternal NOEL was less than 3 μl/cm2 CLF (or 0.3 mg/cm2 trans-capsaicin) per 200 cm2, but no cesarean-sectioning or litter parameters were affected. No fetal alterations (malformations or variations) were caused by dosages of CLF as high as 13 μl/cm2 (or 1.3 mg/cm2 trans-capsaicin). Taken together, these data suggest that trans-capsaicin should not be considered a developmental toxicant.

Ultrastructural Investigation of Spontaneous Pituitary Adenomas in Aging Sprague-Dawley Rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
D. J. McComb ◽  
J. Beri ◽  
F. Zak ◽  
K. Kovacs
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microscopic Level ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Prolactin Cells ◽  
Light Microscopic Level ◽  
Ultrastructural Investigation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Long Evans

Investigation of the spontaneous pituitary adenomas in rat have been limited mainly to light microscopic study. Furth et al. (1973) described them as chromophobic, secreting prolactin. Kovacs et al. (1977) in an ul trastructural investigation of adenomas of old female Long-Evans rats, found that they were composed of prolactin cells. Berkvens et al. (1980) using immunocytochemistry at the light microscopic level, demonstrated that some spontaneous tumors of old Wistar rats could contain GH, TSH or ACTH as well as PRL.

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