OESTROGENIC EFFECTS OF CATECHOL OESTROGENS ON SECRETION OF PROLACTIN BY THE PITUITARY GLAND AND SYNTHESIS OF DNA BY THE MAMMARY GLAND IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS

1979 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
REIKO YANAI ◽  
HIROSHI NAGASAWA
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Dna Synthesis ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

SUMMARY The effects of 2-hydroxyoestradiol-17β and 2-hydroxyoestriol (2OH-OE3) on levels of serum prolactin, DNA synthesis by the mammary gland and the weight of the uterus were examined in ovariectomized Sprague–Dawley rats. 2-Hydroxyoestradiol-17β had a potent oestrogenic activity in stimulating the secretion of prolactin by the pituitary gland, the synthesis of DNA by the mammary gland and in increasing the weight of the uterus. On the other hand, 2OH-OE3 increased the weight of the uterus only.

Both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism increase plasma irisin levels in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Atici ◽  
Rasim Mogulkoc ◽  
Abdulkerim Kasim Baltaci ◽  
Esma Menevse
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Experimental Thyroid

AbstractBackgroundA recently discovered hormone, irisin is accepted to be significantly involved in the regulation of body weight. Thyroid functions may be, directly or indirectly, associated with irisin.AimThe aim of the present study is to determine the effect of experimental thyroid dysfunction on irisin levels in rats.MethodsThe study registered 40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were allocated to groups as follows: 1. Control; 2. Hypothyroidism induced by injection of 10 mg/kg/day intraperitoneal propylthiouracil (PTU) for 3 weeks; 3. Hypothyroidism (PTU 2 weeks) + L-thyroxin (1.5 mg/kg/day for 1 week); 4. Hyperthyroidism induced in rats by 3-week thyroxin (0.3 mg/kg/day); 5. Hyperthyroidism + PTU. At the end of the study, blood samples were collected to quantify free triiodothyronine (FT3), free triiodothyronine (FT4) and irisin levels.ResultsFT3and FT4levels were reduced in hypothyroidism and were significantly elevated in hyperthyroidism (p < 0.001). Irisin values, on the other hand, were found to be elevated in both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism groups (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe results of the study suggest that irisin values increase in thyroid dysfunction, hypo- and hyperthyroidism, and that when hypothyroidism is corrected by thyroxin administration and hyperthyroidism by PTU injection, plasma irisin values go back to normal.

ANTI-OESTROGENIC EFFECTS OF NAFOXIDINE ON THE SYNTHESIS OF DNA BY THE RAT PITUITARY GLAND

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. JACOBI ◽  
H. M. LLOYD
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Pelleted Diet ◽  
Principal Actions

Department of Medicine, University of Queensland, Clinical Sciences Building, Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029, Australia Received 25 October 1977 One of the principal actions of oestrogens on their target organs is stimulation of the synthesis of DNA and cell division. In the rat pituitary gland, anti-oestrogens inhibit the oestrogen-induced increase in weight (Schreiber, Přibyl & Roháčová, 1972) and prevent the rise in the level of serum prolactin induced by oestradiol-17β (Jordan, Koerner & Robinson, 1975). The effects of anti-oestrogens on the synthesis of DNA by the pituitary gland have not been described. The experiments reported here show that the anti-oestrogen nafoxidine completely inhibits the synthesis of DNA and affects the secretion of growth hormone (GH) and prolactin in the male rat. Male Sprague–Dawley rats, 100 days old, were allowed free access to a pelleted diet and water and were maintained in a controlled environment (12 h light, 12 h darkness).

scholarly journals Historical control background incidence of spontaneous pituitary gland lesions of Han-Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats and CD-1 mice used in 104-week carcinogenicity studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Isobe ◽  
James Baily ◽  
Sydney Mukaratirwa ◽  
Claudio Petterino ◽  
Alys Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Historical Control ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Caffeine inhibits development of benign mammary gland tumors in carcinogen-treated female Sprague-Dawley rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Wolfrom ◽  
A. Ramesha Rao ◽  
Clifford W. Welsch
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Mammary Gland Tumors ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Regional effect of naltrexone in the nucleus of the solitary tract in blockade of NPY-induced feeding

2000 ◽  
Vol 278 (2) ◽  
pp. R499-R503 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Kotz ◽  
M. J. Glass ◽  
A. S. Levine ◽  
C. J. Billington
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
The Other ◽  
Solitary Tract ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Regional Effect ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid

Naltrexone (NLTX) in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) decreases feeding induced by neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). We sought to determine the NTS region most sensitive to NLTX blockade of PVN NPY-induced feeding. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fitted with two cannulas; one in the PVN and one in a hindbrain region: caudal, medial, or rostral NTS or 1 mm outside the NTS. Animals received NLTX (0, 1, 3, 10, and 30 μg in 0.3 μl) into the hindbrain region just prior to PVN NPY (0.5 μg, 0.3 μl) or artificial cerebrospinal fluid (0.3 μl). Food intake was measured at 2 h following injection. PVN NPY stimulated feeding, and NLTX in the medial NTS significantly decreased NPY-induced feeding at 2 h, whereas administration of NLTX in the other hindbrain regions did not significantly influence PVN NPY induced feeding. These data suggest that opioid receptors in the medial NTS are most responsive to feeding signals originating in the PVN after NPY stimulation.

Effects of infliximab against carbon tetrachloride-induced intestinal injury via lipid peroxidation and apoptosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (11) ◽  
pp. 1275-1282
Author(s):  
A Pergel ◽  
L Tümkaya ◽  
MK Çolakoğlu ◽  
G Demiral ◽  
S Kalcan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Isotonic Saline ◽  
Neutrophil Infiltration ◽  
Intestinal Injury ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Other Hand

Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) is often employed in the production of chlorofluorocarbons, petroleum refining, oil and rubber processing, and laboratory applications. Oral, subcutaneous, and inhalation exposure to CCL4 in animal studies have been shown to be capable of leading to various types of cancer (benign and malignant, liver, breast, and adrenal gland tumors). The present study also evaluated the protective role of infliximab (INF) against the deleterious effects of CCL4 on the intestinal system. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into three groups, control ( n = 8), CCL4 ( n = 8), and CCL4 + INF ( n = 8). The control group received 1 mL isotonic saline solution only via intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. The CCL4 group received a single i.p. dose of 2 mL/kg CCL4. The CCL4 + INF group received a single i.p. dose of 7 mg/kg INF followed 24 h later by a single dose of 2 mL/kg CCL4. All rats were euthanized 2 days following drug administration. CCL4 group samples also exhibited diffuse loss of enterocytes, vascular congestion, neutrophil infiltration, an extension of the subepithelial space and significant epithelial lifting along the length of the villi with a few denuded villous tips. In addition, CCL4 treatment increased intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA) level and caspase-3 positivity. On the other hand, INF decreased MDA levels, caspase-3 positivity, and loss of villous. Our findings suggest that CCL4 appears to exert a highly deleterious effect on the intestinal mucosa. On the other hand, INF is effective in preventing this CCL4-induced intestinal injury by reducing oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Post-initiation inhibitory effects of green tea catechins on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced mammary gland carcinogenesis in female Sprague–Dawley rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hikaru Tanaka ◽  
Masao Hirose ◽  
Mayumi Kawabe ◽  
Masashi Sano ◽  
Yasuko Takesada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Tea Catechins ◽  
Green Tea Catechins ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

EXCRETION OF CATECHOL AMINES BY WHITE RATS IN THE COLD

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine C. Smith ◽  
L.-P. Dugal
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Catechol Amines ◽  
Sustained Increase

Exposure of white rats to 2 °C for 20 weeks caused an immediate and sustained increase in the excretion of catechol amines as compared to controls kept at 23 °C. Adrenaline excretion increased approximately three to four times while noradrenaline excretion increased about eight times. There were no marked differences between Wistar and Sprague–Dawley rats in the amounts of adrenaline and noradrenaline excreted at 23 °C or 2 °C. 'Old' rats kept in activity cages excreted much more of the catechol amines both at 23 °C and 2 °C than did the other rats and they showed a peak for adrenaline excretion after 1 week and for noradrenaline excretion after 3 to 4 weeks in the cold.

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