Diabetes education to provide the necessary self-management skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-201
Author(s):  
Val Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Community Healthcare ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Diabetes is a chronic health condition requiring patients to provide 95% of their own care. Having control over this condition and the self-care behaviours necessary for good diabetes self-management can be achieved with patient empowerment and effective diabetes education. The patient must perceive that they have this level of control to maintain good diabetes self-management, enabling prevention or delay of diabetic complications. Currently, there are 3.9 million people who have been diagnosed with diabetes in the UK, 90% of whom have Type 2 diabetes. However, there has also been a rise in prevalence of Type 1 diabetes in recent years – caused by autoimmune disease rather than lifestyle factors. The number of individuals now living with diabetes exerts a huge toll on the NHS and community healthcare resources, making it crucial that patients manage their condition as well as possible to reduce the human and healthcare costs of treating diabetes complications.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy to Promote Self-Management

2017 ◽  
pp. 31-57
Author(s):  
Sharon Eldar ◽  
Nora M. Esser ◽  
Stefan G. Hofmann
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Negative Thoughts

Adjusting and adapting to a chronic health condition is a long process that involves adopting a new lifestyle. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has had great success in promoting this process and enhancing self-management skills among people with chronic conditions. The main goal of CBT is to encourage people to become their own therapist and to feel confident in managing their chronic situation. This chapter describes the main CBT ideas on how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors interact with one another and which concepts and techniques can help people break the vicious cycle of negative thoughts, difficult emotions, and nonadaptive behaviors. Following that, the chapter explains how to implement those skills and techniques specifically among people with chronic health conditions in order to increase their quality of life.

The Diabetes Simulation Challenge: Enhancing Patient Perspective-Taking for Medical Students

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Shaffer-Hudkins ◽  
Sara Hinojosa Orbeck ◽  
Kathy Bradley-Klug ◽  
Nicole Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Patient Centered Care ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Training Tool ◽  
Centered Care

The Diabetes Simulation Challenge is a unique training tool to foster empathy, a key facet of patient-centered care, for medical students. Thirty-two medical students participated in a 24-hour perspective-taking activity as part of their curriculum, during which they simulated some common experiences of living with a chronic health condition, specifically type 1 diabetes. Students’ written reflections were analyzed using a phenomenological qualitative approach to provide a composite description of the experience. An exhaustive, iterative method of thematic analysis that included manual coding was used to determine whether this activity led to expressions of empathy or thoughts and beliefs consistent with patient-centered health care. Nine unique themes emerged, six of which indicated that students adopted the perspective of an individual with a chronic illness. Most of the students’ reflections illustrated an understanding of the behavioral, social, and emotional challenges related to living with type 1 diabetes, as well as increased empathy toward individuals with the disease. Medical students who aim to provide patient-centered care benefited from this perspective-taking exercise, and training programs should consider using such methods to extend learning beyond traditional didactic education.

The Contribution of mHealth in the Care of Obese Pediatric Patients

2016 ◽  
pp. 126-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elpis Vlachopapadopoulou ◽  
Dimitrios I. Fotiadis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Closed Loops ◽  
Global Health Issue ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Motivational Approaches

In this chapter the evolution of mHealth solutions for monitoring and treatment of children suffering from obesity is discussed. Nowadays, obesity emerges as a major chronic health condition that affects the general population, both children and adults. mhealth solutions are already used for self-management, remote monitoring and counseling of several chronic conditions, including diabetes mellitus, heart failure, Parkinson's disease, etc. Today, those solutions can result to closed loops, which support health self-management for chronic diseases, in a personalized manner. Concerning childhood obesity, those solutions can combine targeted games and motivational approaches towards both physical activity and diet, which could help in addressing this serious and global health issue, in the direction of minimizing co-morbidities and eventually preventing serious, life threatening events.

Systemic Models of Self-Management

2017 ◽  
pp. 499-520
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Care Model ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Integrated Healthcare ◽  
Chronic Health ◽  
Policy Analysts ◽  
Definition Of

Researchers and healthcare policy analysts have called for systemic change in healthcare systems, because those systems typically do not incorporate long-term planning of chronic health condition care. There is an international movement to create comprehensive, integrated healthcare models that can better assist individuals who have chronic health conditions. This chapter includes a discussion of the definition of self-management support (SMS) and how it is different from self-management, a description of the typical components of SMS interventions, how SMS is different than disease management programs, and some examples of SMS programs. This chapter also covers several systemic models of self-management, including the Chronic Care Model and the Innovative Care for the Chronic Conditions Framework. It ends with brief sections on the economic reasons to promote SMS and integrated healthcare and on the future of self-management.

scholarly journals Examining core self-management skills among adolescents with celiac disease

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910532092230
Author(s):  
Sonya Meyer ◽  
Sara Rosenblum
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Chronic Health Condition ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Core Self

A strict gluten-free diet is the only treatment for celiac disease, and it is especially challenging among adolescents. Participation in food-related activities and self-managing the chronic health condition involve use of cognitive skills. This cross-sectional study examined how executive functions might be associated with participation in food-related activities. Adolescents aged 12–18 years ( N = 65; Mage = 14.67) with celiac were interviewed about participation, and their parents completed an executive function questionnaire. Poorer participation significantly correlated with poorer executive abilities. Identifying executive function profiles may contribute to understanding and advancing resourceful daily functioning and participation in daily food-related activities.

scholarly journals App Features for Type 1 Diabetes Support and Patient Empowerment: Systematic Literature Review and Benchmark Comparison (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Martinez-Millana ◽  
Elena Jarones ◽  
Carlos Fernandez-Llatas ◽  
Gunnar Hartvigsen ◽  
Vicente Traver
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Patient Empowerment ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Data Record ◽  
Level 1

BACKGROUND Research in type 1 diabetes management has increased exponentially since the irruption of mobile health apps for its remote and self-management. Despite this fact, the features affect in the disease management and patient empowerment are adopted by app makers and provided to the general population remain unexplored. OBJECTIVE To study the gap between literature and available apps for type 1 diabetes self-management and patient empowerment and to discover the features that an ideal app should provide to people with diabetes. METHODS The methodology comprises systematic reviews in the scientific literature and app marketplaces. We included articles describing interventions that demonstrated an effect on diabetes management with particular clinical endpoints through the use of mobile technologies. The features of these apps were gathered in a taxonomy of what an ideal app should look like to then assess which of these features are available in the market. RESULTS The literature search resulted in 231 matches. Of these, 55 met the inclusion criteria. A taxonomy featuring 3 levels of characteristics was designed based on 5 papers which were selected for the synthesis. Level 1 includes 10 general features (Personalization, Family support, Agenda, Data record, Insulin bolus calculator, Data management, Interaction, Tips and support, Reminders, and Rewards) Level 2 and Level 3 included features providing a descriptive detail of Level 1 features. Eighty apps matching the inclusion criteria were analyzed. None of the assessed apps fulfilled the features of the taxonomy of an ideal app. Personalization (70/80, 87.5%) and Data record (64/80, 80.0%) were the 2 top prevalent features, whereas Agenda (5/80, 6.3%) and Rewards (3/80, 3.8%) where the less predominant. The operating system was not associated with the number of features (P=.42, F=.81) nor the type of feature (P=.20, χ2=11.7). Apps were classified according to the number of level 1 features and sorted into quartiles. First quartile apps had a regular distribution of the ten features in the taxonomy whereas the other 3 quartiles had an irregular distribution. CONCLUSIONS There are significant gaps between research and the market in mobile health for type 1 diabetes management. While the literature focuses on aspects related to gamification, rewarding, and social communities, the available apps are focused on disease management aspects such as data record and appointments. Personalized and tailored empowerment features should be included in commercial apps for large-scale assessment of potential in the self-management of the disease.

scholarly journals A qualitative study of users’ experiences after 3 months: the first Rwandan diabetes self-management Smartphone application “Kir’App”

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 204201882091451
Author(s):  
Claudine B. Kabeza ◽  
Lorenz Harst ◽  
Peter E.H. Schwarz ◽  
Patrick Timpel
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Diabetes Education ◽  
Information Provision ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Diabetes Knowledge ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Management Application

Background: Owing to the increasing popularity of smartphones in Rwanda, almost 75% of the entire population currently has access to the internet. Although it has been shown that smartphone applications can support diabetes self-management, there was no diabetes self-management application available in Rwanda until April 2019. Based on the findings of a prior study assessing the needs and expectations of potential users, ‘Kir’App’ was developed to fill that void. The aim of this study was to evaluate users’ experiences after 3 months of use of the first Kir’App prototype. Methods: The participants of the previous study were recruited to take part in the current study. Semi-structured, in-depth, face-to-face interviews were conducted. Findings were analysed thematically using Mayring’s method of qualitative content analysis. Both deductive and inductive approaches were used to analyse transcripts according to the original categories and subcategories of the previous study. Results: A total of 14 people with either type 1 or type 2 diabetes participated in the study. Age of participants ranged from 19 to 70 years, with a mean age of 34.4 years. Seven of the eight original themes and one additional theme were subjoined: diabetes education and desired information provision; increased diabetes knowledge and awareness; monitoring and reminder functions; nutrition; physical activity; coping with burden of disease; app features; use behaviour and usability. Overall, participants stated that the app increased their diabetes knowledge and assisted them with their diabetes self-management. Conclusions: We found that the first prototype of Kir’App meets the overall needs and expectations of participating Rwandan diabetics. Having followed a strict user-centred design process, their qualitative insights will help to further improve the app.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of visual impairment, sight-threatening or treatment-requiring diabetic eye disease in children and young people in the UK: findings from DECS

2020 ◽  
pp. bjophthalmol-2020-315886
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Ibanez-Bruron ◽  
Ameenat Lola Solebo ◽  
Phillippa Cumberland ◽  
Jugnoo S Rahi
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Visual Disability ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Eye Screening ◽  
Diabetic Eye Disease ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Prevention Of Diabetes

BackgroundWe investigated the incidence and causes of sight-threatening diabetes-related eye disease in children living with diabetes in the UK, to inform the national eye screening programme and enable monitoring of trends.MethodsWe undertook a prospective active national surveillance via the British Ophthalmic Surveillance Unit. Eligible cases were children aged 18 years or younger, with type 1 or 2 diabetes, newly diagnosed between January 2015 and February 2017 with sight-threatening diabetic eye disease.ResultsEight children were reported. The annual incidence of all sight-threatening diabetes-related eye disease requiring referral to an ophthalmologist among children living with diabetes (n=8) in the UK was 1.21 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.52 to 2.39) and was largely attributable to cataract (n=5) 0.76 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.25 to 1.77). The incidence of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy (n=3) among those eligible for screening (12 to 18 year-olds living with diabetes) was 1.18 per 10 000 person-years (95% CI 0.24 to 3.46). No subjects eligible for certification as visually impaired or blind were reported.ConclusionsSecondary prevention of visual disability due to retinopathy is currently the sole purpose of national eye screening programmes globally. However, the rarity of treatment-requiring retinopathy in children/young people living with diabetes, alongside growing concerns about suboptimal screening uptake, merit new consideration of the utility of screening for primary prevention of diabetes-related morbidity by using the screening event and findings as a catalyst for better diabetes self-management.

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