OS2-5 Soot Emission Reduction Using Cooled EGR for a Boosted Spark-Ignition Direct-Injection (SIDI) Engine(OS2 EGR combustion,Organized Session Papers)

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012.8 (0) ◽  
pp. 98-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianye Su ◽  
Min Xu ◽  
Yuyin Zhang ◽  
David L.S. Hung ◽  
Tie Li
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Soot Emission

Numerical investigation of soot emission sources in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine based on comprehensive breakup model validation

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110475
Author(s):  
Joohan Kim ◽  
Jongwon Chung ◽  
Namho Kim ◽  
Seokwon Cho ◽  
Jaeyeop Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Emission Sources ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Split Injection ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Injection Strategy ◽  
Particulate Mass ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Breakup Model

Direct injection system is widely adopted in spark-ignition engines to achieve higher thermal efficiency, but it accompanies a penalty in particulate emission, especially when engine is not fully warmed-up. Split injection strategy is known to be an effective measure to reduce engine-out particulate emissions. To better understand the role of split injections, this study aims to analyze the effect of split injection strategy on the sources of soot formation using computational fluid dynamics simulation. To accurately predict changes in particulate mass and number associated with split injection strategy, it is vital that spray models be carefully validated against the experimental data since spray dynamics govern the formation of soot emission sources, such as local fuel-rich mixtures and wall-deposited fuel-films. To this end, a set of spray experiments for free sprays is performed to measure liquid penetration length and droplet size distribution, and hence a comprehensive validation is conducted for spray breakup models. Then, engine simulations are carried out to predict the change in soot sources according to split injection, and the trend of simulation results is compared against the measured engine-out particulate mass and number. Simulation results indicate that breakup model validation using both penetration length and droplet size data is critical for predicting fuel spray dynamics and formation of sources of soot emission. It is also revealed that the piston wetting decreases as the number of injections increases because less amount of fuel is injected when piston is closer to the injector. Lastly, the late evaporation of heavy gasoline components from fuel-film appears to be a significant contributor to soot precursors formation.

Influence of Engine Speed on Mixing and Emission Characteristics of Multiple-Injection Common Rail Direct Injection Diesel Engine

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 702-706
Author(s):  
S. Rajkumar ◽  
G. Sudarshan
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Multiple Injection ◽  
Mixing Rate ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mixing Rates

Increase in engine speed increases the in-cylinder turbulence and hence the rate of mixing. However, it is difficult to directly measure the mixing rate and relating its effect on emissions. Hence, in this paper, the comparison of mixing rate at different engine speeds are demonstrated with a multi-zone phenomenological model which has been developed and validated on a wide range of engine operating conditions. The mixing rate is evaluated using a standard quasi-dimensional k-ε formulation. The quantitative predictions of mixing rates at different engine speed substantiate the cause of soot emission reduction at higher engine speed.

Potential of Early Direct Injection (EDI) for simultaneous NOx and soot emission reduction in a heavy duty turbocharged diesel engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 113762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Pandey ◽  
Suryanarayana Vandana ◽  
S.R. Sarma Akella ◽  
R.V. Ravikrishna
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Turbocharged Diesel Engine

Anatomy of the cooled EGR effects on soot emission reduction in boosted spark-ignited direct-injection engines

2017 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 43-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tie Li ◽  
Tao Yin ◽  
Bin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Direct Injection Engines

Soot Emission Reduction from Post Injection Strategies in a High Pressure Direct-Injection Natural Gas Engine

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Faghani ◽  
Bronson Patychuk ◽  
Gordon McTaggart-Cowan ◽  
Steve Rogak
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Post Injection ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Natural Gas Engine ◽  
Injection Strategies

Prediction of gaseous pollutant emissions from a spark-ignition direct-injection engine with gas-exchange simulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 146808742110050
Author(s):  
Stefania Esposito ◽  
Lutz Diekhoff ◽  
Stefan Pischinger
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Gaseous Pollutant ◽  
Fuel Ratio ◽  
No Emissions

With the further tightening of emission regulations and the introduction of real driving emission tests (RDE), the simulative prediction of emissions is becoming increasingly important for the development of future low-emission internal combustion engines. In this context, gas-exchange simulation can be used as a powerful tool for the evaluation of new design concepts. However, the simplified description of the combustion chamber can make the prediction of complex in-cylinder phenomena like emission formation quite challenging. The present work focuses on the prediction of gaseous pollutants from a spark-ignition (SI) direct injection (DI) engine with 1D–0D gas-exchange simulations. The accuracy of the simulative prediction regarding gaseous pollutant emissions is assessed based on the comparison with measurement data obtained with a research single cylinder engine (SCE). Multiple variations of engine operating parameters – for example, load, speed, air-to-fuel ratio, valve timing – are taken into account to verify the predictivity of the simulation toward changing engine operating conditions. Regarding the unburned hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, phenomenological models are used to estimate the contribution of the piston top-land crevice as well as flame wall-quenching and oil-film fuel adsorption-desorption mechanisms. Regarding CO and NO emissions, multiple approaches to describe the burned zone kinetics in combination with a two-zone 0D combustion chamber model are evaluated. In particular, calculations with reduced reaction kinetics are compared with simplified kinetic descriptions. At engine warm operation, the HC models show an accuracy mainly within 20%. The predictions for the NO emissions follow the trend of the measurements with changing engine operating parameters and all modeled results are mainly within ±20%. Regarding CO emissions, the simplified kinetic models are not capable to predict CO at stoichiometric conditions with errors below 30%. With the usage of a reduced kinetic mechanism, a better prediction capability of CO at stoichiometric air-to-fuel ratio could be achieved.

Soot Development in an Optical Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engine Fueled with Isooctane

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-463
Author(s):  
Fangxi Xie ◽  
Miaomiao Zhang ◽  
Yongzhen Wang ◽  
Yan Su ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Direct Injection Spark Ignition

Pressure Diagnostics of Closed System in a Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engine

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Shen ◽  
Harold J. Schock ◽  
Antoni K. Oppenheim
Keyword(s):  
Closed System ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Direct Injection Spark Ignition
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