Trade Liberalization, Policy Reform and the U.S. Sugar Industry

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Stuart Nakamoto ◽  
John Halloran ◽  
Michael Martin
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Sugar Industry ◽  
Liberalization Policy ◽  
The U.S

Institutional Change, Industrial Transitions, and Regime Resistance Politics

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Policy Reform ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Industrial Change ◽  
Political Opportunity ◽  
Opportunity Structure ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Empirical Material ◽  
The U.S

The chapter focuses on the processes of industrial change in relationship to social movements. It builds on two literatures, one on institutional logics and the other on industrial transitions, and shows similarities and differences between the two literatures. It then examines the problem of resistance from industrial regime organizations or incumbent. Empirical material is based on the case of regime resistance to energy transition policies in the U.S., where the incumbent organizations have closed down the political opportunity structure for policy reform. It then draws on research that discusses three strategies that industrial transition coalitions can use to overcome regime resistance: countervailing industrial power (finding allies in neighboring industries), ideological judo (using regime ideology and frames to advance transition policies), and dual-use design (building coalitions by redefining energy transition policies in terms of a different institutional logic).

A CGE analysis of the impact of trade liberalization between the U.S. and Mexico

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khosrow Doroodian ◽  
Roy G. Boyd ◽  
Matloob Piracha
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

scholarly journals Trade Liberalization and Pollution Havens

2004 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josh Ederington ◽  
Arik Levinson ◽  
Jenny Minier
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The United States ◽  
Executive Order ◽  
Direct Mechanism ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Industry Level Data ◽  
Careful Assessment ◽  
The U.S

Abstract U.S. Presidential Executive Order 13141 commits the United States to a careful assessment and consideration of the environmental impacts of trade agreements. The most direct mechanism through which trade liberalization would affect environmental quality in the U.S. is through the composition of industries. Freer trade means greater specialization, increasing the concentration of polluting industries in some countries and decreasing it in others. We begin by documenting the substantial shift in U.S. manufacturing toward cleaner industries from 1972 to 1994. We then use annual industry-level data on imports to the U.S. to examine whether this compositional shift can be traced to the significant trade liberalization that occurred over the same time period, and we conclude that no such connection exists. A shift toward cleaner industries has also occurred among U.S. imports, and we find no evidence that pollution-intensive industries have been disproportionately affected by the tariff changes.

scholarly journals An Empirical Investigation of Trade Liberalization and Trade Patterns in South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5(J)) ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Sibanisezwe Alwyn Khumalo ◽  
Asrat Tsegaye
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Gravity Model ◽  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Trade Patterns ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Tariff Liberalization ◽  
Liberalization Policy

The study made use of the gravity model to analyze the behavior of South Africa’s trade patterns at industry level. Using SIC 2-digit level data for the period 1996-2013 based on two sub-samples, 1996-2004 and 2005-2013, the study found that trade liberalization was not universally influential on trade patterns. Some industries did not exhibit significant behavior changes as a result of tariff liberalization. The results show that Agriculture, mining ores, crude oil, machinery and transport are the only industries from the selected sample of nine that are significantly influenced by trade liberalization policy. Furthermore, empirical results indicate that trade liberalization hinders extensive margins and does not encourage intensive margins.  

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