Transgene Transfer to United States Commercial Rice Cultivars via Conventional Breeding Techniques

2006 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. M. Shao ◽  
M. C. Rush ◽  
M. S. Wu ◽  
D. E. Groth ◽  
M. S. Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Breeding Techniques

scholarly journals Micronutrient Biofortification in Rice through New Breeding Techniques (NBTs): Bangladesh Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishajit Sarkar ◽  
Fayza Akter ◽  
Fatema Tuz Johora ◽  
Md. Asad Ullah ◽  
Abdullah Mohammad Shohael
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Vitamin B9 ◽  
New Breeding Techniques ◽  
Breeding Techniques

Background: Micronutrient deficiencies are serious health issues in developing countries of Asia and Africa, where millions of people are suffering from inadequate micronutrient intake. In Bangladesh, micronutrient deficiencies are found severe due to low income, food habits, and rice-based staple food consumption, (rice has an insufficiency of different types of vitamins and minerals). To lessen micronutrient malnutrition, supplementation has been employed but has not yet reached the goal. Agronomic and genetic biofortification has the potential to address micronutrient deficiencies. Biofortification in Rice grain is a convenient and affordable way to supply the desired micronutrients. The development of micronutrient-rich popular rice cultivars through conventional breeding is currently being harnessed for the limitation of natural resources of the related donor rice cultivars containing the required amount of micronutrients. To overcome these hurdles of conventional breeding, genetic engineering and genome editing have emerged as promising tools of micronutrient biofortification in rice. Methods: Identify the needs and explore the potential strategies by the search for relevant literature known to the authors was carried out to complete this review. Results: Highlighted here the sources, functions, and requirements of iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin B9, and betanin in rice and their biofortification through conventional breeding, genetic engineering, and genome editing including their promises and hindrances. Conclusion: New breeding techniques are timely alternatives for developing nutrient-rich rice cultivars to eliminate hidden hunger and poverty in Bangladesh.

Molecular breeding for combating salinity stress in sorghum: progress and prospects.

2021 ◽  
pp. 421-432
Author(s):  
Nidhi Chakma ◽  
Moutoshi Chakraborty ◽  
Salma Bhyan ◽  
Mobashwer Alam
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Qtl Validation ◽  
Marker Validation ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Breeding Techniques

Abstract This chapter discusses current progress and prospects of molecular breeding and strategies for developing better saline-tolerant sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) varieties. Most molecular breeding techniques for salt tolerance have been carried out in controlled environments where the plants were not exposed to any variation of the surrounding environment, producing reliable results. Due to the polygenic nature of salt tolerance, the identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) could be false QTLs. Therefore, QTL validation is important in different plant populations and field conditions. Subsequently, marker validation is important before utilizing marker-assisted selection for screening salt-tolerant plants. Combining molecular breeding with conventional breeding can hasten the development of salt-tolerant sorghum varieties.

DEVELOPING RESISTANT BANANA AND PLANTAIN CULTIVARS THROUGH CONVENTIONAL BREEDING TECHNIQUES

2011 ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Menon ◽  
A. Cherian ◽  
A. Suma ◽  
Maicykutty ◽  
P. Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Breeding Techniques

The New Genetics

2019 ◽  
pp. 157-187
Author(s):  
Gordon Conway ◽  
Ousmane Badiane ◽  
Katrin Glatzel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Gene Editing ◽  
Recombinant Dna ◽  
Conventional Breeding ◽  
Breeding Techniques

This chapter turns to genetic intensification, which consists of developing crop and livestock crosses that contain genes capable of producing improved yields on a sustainable basis. These crosses often show increased vigor, such that they tend to outperform both parents, although for reasons that are not fully clear. Today, hybrids and crosses are the basis for most improved crop and livestock breeds, including wheat, rice, maize, and dairy cattle. Nevertheless, as has been long recognized, conventional breeding techniques have practical limitations. The application of modern cellular and molecular biology is pursued through four practical techniques: marker-assisted selection, cell and tissue culture, recombinant DNA, and gene editing. The chapter examines the extent to which these interventions contribute to sustainable intensification: improving nutrition, increasing resilience to pests, diseases, and climate change, and improving nitrogen fixation.

Effect of Growth Location in the United States on Amylose Content, Amylopectin Fine Structure, and Thermal Properties of Starches of Long Grain Rice Cultivars

2006 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Aboubacar ◽  
Karen A. K. Moldenhauer ◽  
Anna M. McClung ◽  
Donn H. Beighley ◽  
Bruce R. Hamaker
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Amylose Content ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rice Cultivars

scholarly journals Influences from Long-Term Crop Rotation, Soil Tillage, and Fertility on the Severity of Rice Grain Smuts

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 990-996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Brooks ◽  
Merle M. Anders ◽  
Kathleen M. Yeater
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
False Smut

False smut (Ustilaginoidea virens) and kernel smut (Neovossia horrida) are diseases of rice (Oryza sativa) that reduce both grain yield and quality. Susceptible rice cultivars are in widespread use on production acreage in the United States, and the effects from crop management practices on smut control are poorly understood. We studied the long-term effects of crop rotation, soil tillage, and fertility level on rice smut severity. The highest levels of false smut observed in this study were on cultivars grown in rotation with soybean, on traditionally tilled soils, with high fertilizer treatments. The highest levels of kernel smut were observed in a rice-soybean rotation with winter wheat grown between summer crops. These rotations are commonly used in rice-growing regions of the southern United States. Using combinations of crop rotation, soil tillage, and fertility rate, several alternative crop-management practices were identified that provided effective control of smuts in susceptible rice cultivars. The most effective method for controlling both false smut and kernel smut was in 3-year rotations of rice, soybean, and corn. Regardless of rotation order or tillage and fertility treatments within the rotations, rotating out of rice for 2 years was the most effective approach for smut control.

scholarly journals Methane Emissions among Hybrid Rice Cultivars in the MidSouthern United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Smartt A.D. ◽  
◽  
Brye K.R. ◽  
Norman R.J. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Methane Emissions ◽  
Rice Cultivars

Outcrossing Potential between U.S. Blackhull Red Rice and Indica Rice Cultivars

Weed Science ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gealy ◽  
Nilda R. Burgos ◽  
Kathleen M. Yeater ◽  
Aaron K. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Tropical Japonica ◽  
Outcrossing Rates ◽  
Weedy Red Rice

Weedy red rice is a major weed pest of rice in the southern United States. Outcrossing between red rice and commercial tropical japonica rice cultivars has resulted in new weed biotypes that further hinder the effectiveness of weed management. In recent years, indica rice has been used increasingly as a germplasm source for breeding and for reduced-input systems in the United States, but little is known about its outcrossing potential with U.S. weedy red rice biotypes. In a 2-yr study, simple sequence repeat marker analysis was used to show that blackhull (BH) red rice (PI 653424) outcrossing to four, late-maturing indica cultivars averaged 0.0086% and ranged from 0.002% for ‘TeQing’ to 0.0173% for ‘4484’ (PI 615022). Rates of outcrossing to a tropical japonica cultivar standard, ‘Kaybonnet’ (0.032%), were substantially greater than for the indica cultivars. These differences in outcrossing were due largely to synchronization of flowering times between rice and red rice, with Kaybonnet and TeQing exhibiting the greatest and least synchronization, respectively. Outcrossing rates also may have been affected by rice–red rice flower density differences within the rice plots. Outcrossing from cultivated rice to the red rice (as pollen recipient), which was taller than all rice cultivars, was undetectable in these studies, and environmental conditions (e.g., temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and rainfall) were not strongly correlated with the outcrossing rates observed. Grain yields of the original BH red rice line were greatest in the Kaybonnet plots, demonstrating that the indica cultivars were superior competitors against this weed. Collectively, these results suggest that red rice biotypes that flower synchronously with rice cultivars are a potential source of pollen for outcrossing and gene flow in rice fields in the southern United States.

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