scholarly journals Revealing the Toxicity of Chlorate Through the Analysis of Molecular Interaction using Viscosity Measurements and Apparent Molar Volumes

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 1336-1343
Author(s):  
Meenakshi V. Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Apparent Molar Volumes ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Adverse Impacts ◽  
Ionic Solids ◽  
Kd Values ◽  
Component Systems ◽  
Ionic Solid ◽  
Viscometric Study

While chlorate has the ability to induce flowering in longan, it also has adverse impacts on the crop. Revealing the toxicity of chlorate in the environment is more than just about the environment and about human health, as well.Because of the large introduction of this chemical into the environment from the paper processing industry, there is indeed a lot of concern about its toxicity. Chlorate toxicology in the longan plant has been thoroughly investigated in solutions using viscosities and apparent molar volumes. The hydration of molecules and volume changes are involved in various chemical and biological processes in plant tissues, and their complete understanding demands a good idea for volumetric and viscometric study. It offers good data acquisition techniques for solute, solvent and solvent-solvent interactions. Multi-component systems containing KClO3+ water + ionic solid (ionic solids = KCl, KNO3 ,NH4NO3 and KH2PO4, are currently being worked out to study the dependence of transport properties of potassium chlorate in aqueous electrolyte solutions, with concentrations and temperature of solutions. The assessed kd values are used to predict whether the solvolysis of KClO3 in the presence of other electrolytes is a quick or slow process.

scholarly journals Density and Viscosity of LiCl, LiBr, LiI and Kcl in Aqueous Methanol at 313.15K

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1083-1090
Author(s):  
V. V. Kadam ◽  
A. B. Nikumbh ◽  
T. B. Pawar ◽  
V. A. Adole
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Apparent Molar Volumes ◽  
Strong Electrolyte ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Viscosity Coefficients ◽  
Physicochemical Processes ◽  
Increase With Increase

The densities and viscosities of electrolytes are essential to understand many physicochemical processes that are taking place in the solution. In the present research, the densities and viscosities of lithium halides, LiX (X = Cl, Br, I ) and KCl in (0, 20, 40, 50, 60, 80 and 100) mass % of methanol + water at 313.15K were calculated employing experimental densities (ρ), the apparent molar volumes( ϕv) and limiting apparent molar volumes (0v) of the electrolytes. The (0v) of electrolyte offer insights into solute-solution interactions. In terms of the Jones-Dole equation for strong electrolyte solution, the experimental data of viscosity were explored. Viscosity coefficients A and B have been interpreted and discussed. The B-coefficient values in these systems increase with increase of methanol in the solvents mixtures. This implied that when the dielectric constant of the solvent decreases, so do the solvent-solvent interactions in these systems.

Molar volumes and refractivities of highly concentrated solutions of ammonium and potassium thiocyanates in water and dimethylsulphoxide

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 2244-2249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Pacák ◽  
Zdenĕk Kodejš
Keyword(s):  
Composition Range ◽  
Apparent Molar Volumes ◽  
Refractive Indices ◽  
Dilute Solutions ◽  
Concentrated Solutions ◽  
Lorenz Equation ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Density Measurements ◽  
Concentration Dependences

Densities and refractive indices of highly concentrated solutions of ammonium and potassium thiocyanates in water and dimethylsulphoxide have been measured at 333.2 K in the composition range from xs = 0.01 up to saturated solutions. Molar volumes and apparent molar volumes have been calculated from density measurements and their concentration dependences are discussed. All the systems are volumetrically non-ideal and exhibit negative deviations from additivity. The molar refractivities were calculated from the refractive indices using the Lorentz–Lorenz equation. The refractivity values of individual ions were estimated in infinitely dilute solutions and were used for discussion of ion–solvent interactions.

scholarly journals Study of the Influence of Alkyl Chain Cation-Solvent Interactions on Water Structure in 1,3-Butanediol-Water Mixture by Apparent Molar Volume Data

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1323-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Pathak ◽  
Indu Saxena ◽  
Archna ◽  
Anoop Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Apparent Molar Volume ◽  
Alkyl Chain ◽  
Water Structure ◽  
Apparent Molar Volumes ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Magnetic Float

The densities of 1,3-butanediol-water mixtures and some tetraalkylammonium iodide salt solutions in these solvent mixtures at different concentrations (0.02 M-0.14 M) have been determined at 298.15 K using magnetic float densitometer technique. Then apparent molar volumes ΦVof the electrolytes in above solvent mixtures were calculated. The apparent molar volumes of transfer ∆ΦV° (tr) were also calculated and the ion-ion / ion- solvent interactions are then discussed on the basis of changes in the Masson's slope and apparent molar volumes of transfer data.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Solvation Behaviour of Oxidising Agents Like Kclo3, Kbro3 and KIO3 in Aqueous Solvent Systems at Different Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Meenakshi Virendra Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Salt Solution ◽  
Apparent Molar Volumes ◽  
Molar Volumes ◽  
Solvent Interactions ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
Constant Diffusion ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Solvent Systems ◽  
Ubbelohde Viscometer

The investigation of the solvationtrend of oxidizing agents like KClO3, KBrO3 and KIO3as electrolytes in aqueous salt solution rendersthe datasuited to interpret ion–ion, solute–solvent, ion-solvent and solvent–solvent interactions and synergy. Apparent molar volumes (∅_V) and viscosity B-coefficients for KClO3, KBrO3 and KIO3solutions in aqueous 0.5 % KCl ,system have been calculated from density (ρ) and viscosity (η) measurements at 298.15 to 313.15 K using a calibrated bicapillary pycnometer and the simple, yet accurate apparatus known as Ubbelohde viscometer respectively. Jones-Dole equation,Masson’s equation, Roots equation and Moulik’s equations are implemented to analyse various interactions inter and intra ionic attractions among the ion–ion, ion–solvent, and solute–solvent. Additionallythe apparent molar volumes of transfer Δ ∅(tr) and Rate constant diffusion controlled reaction (kd)are valuated.

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