Farm-Scale Processing Tomato Production using Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation and Fertigation

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Tan ◽  
T. Q. Zhang ◽  
W. D. Reynolds ◽  
C. F. Drury ◽  
A. Liptay
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Farm Scale ◽  
Subsurface Drip

scholarly journals Responses of Bacterial Community, Root-Soil Interaction and Tomato Yield to Different Practices in Subsurface Drip Irrigation

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2338
Author(s):  
Jingwei Wang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Wenquan Niu
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Bacterial Community ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
Soil Bacterial ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

The objective of this study was to reveal the regulatory mechanisms underlying the soil bacterial community of subsurface drip irrigation (SDI). The effect of different buried depths of drip tape (0, 10, 20, 30 cm) on the soil bacterial community in a tomato root-zone was investigated using high-throughput technology. Furthermore, the mutual effects of root growth, tomato yield and soil bacterial community were also analyzed to explore the response of root-soil interaction to the buried depth of drip tape. The results indicated that SDI (i.e., 10, 20 and 30 cm buried depths of drip tape) changed the soil bacterial community structure compared to surface drip irrigation (a 0 cm buried depth of drip tape). SDI with a 10 cm buried depth of drip tape significantly reduced the relative abundances of Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes and Planctomycetes, but significantly increased the relative abundances of Actinobacteria, Candidate_division_TM7 and Bacteroidetes. SDI of 20 and 30 cm buried depth significantly decreased the relative abundances of Roteobacteri, Actinobacteria and Planctomycetes, however, increased the relative abundances of Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Candidate_division_TM7 and especially some trace bacteria (for example Nitrospirae). Furthermore, under 20 cm or 30 cm of buried depth, the abundances of nitrogen metabolism and phosphonate and phosphinate metabolism based on the PICRUSt (Reconstruction of Unobserved States) method were significantly improved as well as soil porosity and root forks at 0-10 cm. These changes strengthened root-soil interaction and improved tomato yield per plant by 22.47% and 19.38% under 20 cm and 30 cm of buried depth, respectively, compared to surface drip irrigation. Therefore, the responses of bacterial community and root-soil interaction to drip tape buried depth of 20 cm and 30 cm are proven to be beneficial for the increasing of tomato production.

Subsurface drip irrigation in raised bed tomato production. II. Soil acidification under current commercial practice

Soil Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1305 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Stork ◽  
P. H. Jerie ◽  
A. P. L. Callinan
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Murray Darling Basin ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Basin Region

The effects of ammonium-based fertilisers on the soil pH of vegetable beds that utilised subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) for commercial tomato production were investigated at field sites in the southern Murray–Darling Basin region (SMDB). The soils at these sites were Vertosols (sites 1, 3, 4, and 5) and a Chromosol (site 2). At site 1, rapid transport and hydrolysis of urea occurred within the 0–90 cm soil layer of vegetable beds after a 6-mm fertigation of 30 kg urea-N/ha during cropping. Soil pH decreased by 0.2–0.4 units in individual 15-cm soil layers up to 90 cm within 12 days after the fertigation. A longer study at site 1 showed that there was severe acidification in topsoil and subsoil by the second consecutive year of SDI cropping. The rate of acidification was highest, at 52 kmol H+/ha.year, immediately beneath the dripline, in the 15–30 cm soil layer. Topsoil and subsoil acidification was also evident in vegetable beds at sites 2, 3, 4, and 5 after 2 consecutive years of tomato cropping using SDI. The results from the 5 sites indicated that acidification under SDI production may be widespread. A survey of 21 other sites in the SMDB under similar production showed that one-third of the sites had soil pH ≤6.0 in their 0–30 cm soil layer. Several soil types were individually represented at acid and alkaline pH levels, by 2 or more sites. This indicated that management practices influenced the change in soil pH for a given soil type. Altogether, the combined results of these studies strongly indicated that surface and subsoil acidification can occur in soils used for intensive SDI production. This may diminish their productivity in the long term.

Weed Control, Yield, and Quality of Processing Tomato Production under Different Irrigation, Tillage, and Herbicide Systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 831-838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kipp F. Sutton ◽  
W. Thomas Lanini ◽  
Jefferey P. Mitchell ◽  
Eugene M. Miyao ◽  
Anil Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Irrigation Treatment ◽  
Furrow Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Irrigation Treatments ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Germination And Growth

A field experiment was conducted near Davis, CA, during the 2003 and 2004 summer growing seasons to compare weed control, yield, and fruit quality in different irrigation and tillage systems in processing tomato. Trial design was a subplots with the main plots as subsurface drip irrigation or furrow irrigation, subplots were standard tillage or conservation tillage, and sub-subplots were herbicide or no herbicide. The hypothesis was that subsurface drip irrigation could limit surface soil wetting and thus inhibit germination and growth of weeds equal to or better than standard tillage and/or herbicides. In both 2003 and 2004, weed densities in the subsurface drip irrigation treatments were over 98% lower than the levels in furrow irrigation treatments. In addition, weed densities were lower in the subsurface drip–conservation till–no herbicide treatment than in any of the furrow irrigation treatments, including the furrow irrigation–standard tillage–herbicide treatments. The time required for a hand-hoeing crew to remove weeds was 5 to 13 times greater in furrow irrigation treatments compared to subsurface drip irrigation treatments. Weed biomass on beds at tomato harvest was 10 to 14 times greater in the furrow systems as compared to the subsurface drip irrigation systems. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of subsurface drip irrigation in controlling weed germination and growth, compared to tillage or herbicide applications. Tomato yield was higher in the subsurface drip irrigation treatment compared to furrow irrigation in 2004. Herbicide treatment increased yield in 2004, but only in the furrow irrigation treatment in 2003. Fruit brix level was not related to treatment in 2003, but was lower in the subsurface drip irrigation plots in 2004. These results indicate that subsurface drip irrigation can reduce weed competition in conservation tillage systems, without requiring herbicide applications.

Proximity to subsurface drip irrigation emitters altered soil microbial communities in two commercial processing tomato fields

2022 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 104315
Author(s):  
Michelle Quach ◽  
Pauline M. Mele ◽  
Helen L. Hayden ◽  
Alexis J. Marshall ◽  
Liz Mann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Processing Tomato ◽  
Commercial Processing ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Subsurface drip irrigation in raised bed tomato production. I. Nitrogen and phosphate losses under current commercial practice

Soil Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Stork ◽  
P. H. Jerie ◽  
A. P. L. Callinan
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Commercial Practice ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Fertiliser Use

The leaching of inorganic nitrogen and phosphate was studied at field sites that utilised subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) for commercial production of processing tomatoes. Irrigation expended for the establishment of crops, at emergence, accounted for 34% of the seasonal total in a Rochester clay (site 1) and 25% in a Binabbin clay (site 2). In the period after emergence and up to crop harvests, irrigation and rainfall amounted to 88% and 105% of calculated crop evapotranspiration for site 1 and site 2, respectively. Drainage between the commencement of irrigation and crop harvests amounted to 66 mm below 2 m at site 1 and 60 mm below 0.9 m at site 2. Total irrigation caused a 2- and 5-fold depletion of soil chloride at site 1 (within 2 m) and site 2 (within 0.9 m), respectively. The drainage and chloride depletion showed that irrigation regimes at these sites were conducive to the leaching of fertiliser inputs. It was calculated that ~32 kg NO–3-N + NH+4-N/ha and 7 kg HPO2–4-P/ha was leached below 2 m during irrigation at site 1. At site 2, ~75 kg NO–3-N + NH+4-N/ha was leached below 0.9 m during irrigation.Post harvest amounts of inorganic nitrogen and phosphate at site 1 and site 2 indicated that fertiliser applications exceeded total crop uptake of both compounds. Post harvest quantities of inorganic nitrogen and phosphate at several other commercial locations (sites 3, 4, 5, 6) showed that excessive fertiliser use was not restricted to site 1 and site 2. At site 1, between an early autumn harvest and early spring, when vegetable beds were fallow, the leaching losses of post harvest amounts of both compounds below 2 m were 137 kg NO–3-N + NH+4-N/ha and 11 kg HPO2–4-P/ha. The irrigation and fertiliser management practices at all sites were similar to those reported for studies of SDI production of other vegetable and grain crops. Altogether, these results indicated that the effects of SDI combined with excessive fertiliser inputs in current commercial practice may cause the leaching of significant amounts of nitrogen and phosphate to groundwater depths.

Subsurface Drip Irrigation and Fertigation of Broccoli

2002 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Thompson ◽  
Thomas A. Doerge ◽  
Ronald E. Godin
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip
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