Heat Production and Respiratory Quotient Changes with Food Intake in Swine

1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 0954-0960 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. Stombaugh ◽  
A. P. Grifo ◽  
Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Respiratory Quotient

scholarly journals Effects of lighting regimen on metabolic rate in broilers.

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J.W. Heetkamp ◽  
A.M. Henken ◽  
W. van der Hel ◽  
C.W. Scheele
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Lighting Regimen

From hatching to 42 days old, 80 broilers were exposed to varying periods of light (L) and dark (D) within 4-h periods (0.5L to 1.5L and 3.5D to 2.5D). Effects of lighting regimen (LR) and trough position (open (F2) compared with closed (F1)) during D-periods on heat production (H), activity-free (Hacf) and activity-related H (Hac), and respiratory quotient (RQ) were evaluated. At 0.5L and 0.67L, Hac was less than in the longer L-periods. The longer the L-period, the less active broilers were at the end of a L-period. In D-periods with F1, H and Hacf decreased more than with F2, while Hac was similar. After D-periods with F1, H and Hacf increased more than after D-periods with F2. This effect on H was greatest in short L-periods with F1. With 0.5L:3.5D and F1, broilers did not have enough feeding time, because at the end of the L-period afterwards, H and RQ were lower than with the longer L-periods. Thus, broilers will eat feed in the dark and the length of L-period may not be crucial, because in practice, feed will remain available in the dark. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Antiobesity Effects of the β-Cell Hormone Amylin in Diet-Induced Obese Rats: Effects on Food Intake, Body Weight, Composition, Energy Expenditure, and Gene Expression

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (12) ◽  
pp. 5855-5864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Roth ◽  
Heather Hughes ◽  
Eric Kendall ◽  
Alain D. Baron ◽  
Christen M. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Cell Hormone

Effects of amylin and pair feeding (PF) on body weight and metabolic parameters were characterized in diet-induced obesity-prone rats. Peripherally administered rat amylin (300 μg/kg·d, 22d) reduced food intake and slowed weight gain: approximately 10% (P < 0.05), similar to PF. Fat loss was 3-fold greater in amylin-treated rats vs. PF (P < 0.05). Whereas PF decreased lean tissue (P < 0.05 vs. vehicle controls; VEH), amylin did not. During wk 1, amylin and PF reduced 24-h respiratory quotient (mean ± se, 0.82 ± 0.0, 0.81 ± 0.0, respectively; P < 0.05) similar to VEH (0.84 ± 0.01). Energy expenditure (EE mean ± se) tended to be reduced by PF (5.67 ± 0.1 kcal/h·kg) and maintained by amylin (5.86 ± 0.1 kcal/h·kg) relative to VEH (5.77 ± 0.0 kcal/h·kg). By wk 3, respiratory quotient no longer differed; however, EE increased with amylin treatment (5.74 ± 0.09 kcal/·kg; P < 0.05) relative to VEH (5.49 ± 0.06) and PF (5.38 ± 0.07 kcal/h·kg). Differences in EE, attributed to differences in lean mass, argued against specific amylin-induced thermogenesis. Weight loss in amylin and pair-fed rats was accompanied by similar increases arcuate neuropeptide Y mRNA (P < 0.05). Amylin treatment, but not PF, increased proopiomelanocortin mRNA levels (P < 0.05 vs. VEH). In a rodent model of obesity, amylin reduced body weight and body fat, with relative preservation of lean tissue, through anorexigenic and specific metabolic effects.

Free-feeding patterns of rats: effects of pyrogen and dietary protein content

1975 ◽  
Vol 228 (4) ◽  
pp. 1284-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
PM Leung ◽  
BA Horwitz
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Bacterial Pyrogen ◽  
Free Feeding ◽  
High Protein Diets ◽  
Protein Diets ◽  
Voluntary Food Intake

Infusion of bacterial pyrogen (Priomen) was accompanied by an increase in body temperature, an increase in heat production, and a decrease in the voluntary food intake ofrats fed high-as well as low-protein diets. The magnitude of this pyrogen-induced depression of food intake was comparable for both diets. However, in rats fed high-protein diets, this decrease was additive to that normally seen following administration of such diets. These data indicate that the control of food intake cannot be explained in terms of a behavioral the more regulatory response.

scholarly journals PARP1 deficiency exacerbates diet-induced obesity in mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 205 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kishor Devalaraja-Narashimha ◽  
Babu J Padanilam
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Insulin Tolerance ◽  
Protein Functions ◽  
Normal Chow ◽  
Obesity In Mice ◽  
Fat Reabsorption

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) regulates gene expression as a transcriptional cofactor and protein functions via poly (ADP-ribosyl)ation. This study was aimed to determine the effect of Parp1 gene deficiency on diet-induced obesity and energy metabolism. Parp1-knockout (Parp-KO) and wild-type (WT) mice on the same genetic background were fed either normal chow or high-fat (HF) diet. Food intake and weight gain were monitored weekly. Plasma levels of glucose, leptin, and insulin were monitored monthly. At 19 weeks, locomotor activity, body composition, respiratory quotient and heat production, glucose and insulin tolerance, and fat reabsorption were analyzed. Parp-KO mice are highly susceptible to diet-induced obesity, accumulation of fat tissue, and they develop hyperleptinemia and insulin resistance and glucose intolerance compared with their WT counterparts. The increased weight gain is due to decreased metabolic rate, heat production, and total energy expenditure (EE). Paradoxically, food intake is less, and the motor activity and oxidation of fat are higher in Parp-KO mice. Absorption of fatty acids is not altered between the groups after HF diet. These results suggest that malfunction of PARP1 signaling exacerbates diet-induced obesity, hyperleptinemia, and insulin resistance, and that it decreases EE in 129 mice.

040 Heat production, respiratory quotient, and methane loss subsequent to LPS challenge in beef heifers

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. 20-20
Author(s):  
A. W. Altman ◽  
E. S. Vanzant ◽  
J. A. Carroll ◽  
N. C. Burdick Sanchez ◽  
K. R. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Lps Challenge

Hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus injections of urocortin alter food intake and respiratory quotient

2001 ◽  
Vol 916 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 222-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J Currie ◽  
Donald V Coscina ◽  
Christopher Bishop ◽  
Christina D Coiro ◽  
George F Koob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Paraventricular Nucleus ◽  
Respiratory Quotient ◽  
Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus
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