scholarly journals Diversity and cellulolytic activity of culturable bacteria isolated from the gut of higher termites (Odontotermes sp.) in eastern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parima Boontanom ◽  
Aiya Chantarasiri
Keyword(s):  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacterium ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Culturable Bacteria ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Cmcase Activity ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Abstract. Boontanom P, Chantarasiri A. 2021. Diversity and cellulolytic activity of culturable bacteria isolated from the gut of higher termites (Odontotermes sp.) in eastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 22: 3349-3357. Cellulolytic bacteria are vital symbionts associated with the gut of all higher termites. Odontotermes termites are a higher termite widely found in Thailand. However, information concerning the diversity of cellulolytic bacteria in this termite gut remains inadequate. The aim of this study is to isolate and identify the culturable cellulolytic bacteria from the Odontotermes gut collected from eastern Thailand. The crude cellulases produced from the most active cellulolytic bacterium were further characterized. Thirty-two cellulolytic bacteria were isolated and subsequently classified by PCR-RFLP of the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 10 different RFLP patterns were obtained belonging to five bacterial genera, namely Acinetobacter, Bacillus, Citrobacter, Paenibacillus, and Serratia. The B. cereus strain TWV503 was considered to be the most active cellulolytic bacterium based on the CMC agar method. B. cereus strain TWV503 showed CMCase activity at 2.190 ± 0.063 U/mL of CMCase and 0.276 ± 0.031 U/mL of FPase. The optimum temperature and pH for CMCase activity were 50°C and the neutral pH ranging from 7.0 to 8.0, respectively. CMCase activity remained stable at up to 70°C and neutral pH ranging from 7.0 to 8.0 for 24 hours of incubation. This study revealed novel information related to cellulolytic bacteria isolated from the gut of Odontotermes termites collected from Thailand.

scholarly journals Isolation, Screening, and Identification of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Natural Reserves in the Subtropical Region of China and Optimization of Cellulase Production byPaenibacillus terraeME27-1

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-Ling Liang ◽  
Zheng Zhang ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Yuan Wu ◽  
Jia-Xun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Cellulase Production ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Subtropical Region ◽  
Cmcase Activity ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Screening And Identification ◽  
Natural Reserves

From different natural reserves in the subtropical region of China, a total of 245 aerobic bacterial strains were isolated on agar plates containing sugarcane bagasse pulp as the sole carbon source. Of the 245 strains, 22 showed hydrolyzing zones on agar plates containing carboxymethyl cellulose after Congo-red staining. Molecular identification showed that the 22 strains belonged to 10 different genera, with theBurkholderiagenus exhibiting the highest strain diversity and accounting for 36.36% of all the 22 strains. Three isolates among the 22 strains showed higher carboxymethyl cellulase (CMCase) activity, and isolate ME27-1 exhibited the highest CMCase activity in liquid culture. The strain ME27-1 was identified asPaenibacillus terraeon the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as well as physiological and biochemical properties. The optimum pH and temperature for CMCase activity produced by the strain ME27-1 were 5.5 and 50°C, respectively, and the enzyme was stable at a wide pH range of 5.0–9.5. A 12-fold improvement in the CMCase activity (2.08 U/mL) of ME27-1 was obtained under optimal conditions for CMCase production. Thus, this study provided further information about the diversity of cellulose-degrading bacteria in the subtropical region of China and foundP. terraeME27-1 to be highly cellulolytic.

scholarly journals Identification of HACEK Group Bacteria from Blood Samples of Patients with Infective Endocarditis by PCR-RFLP of the 16s rRNA Gene

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Minoru Sasaki ◽  
Taichi Ishikawa ◽  
Yu Shimoyama ◽  
Yoshitoyo Kodama ◽  
Shihoko Tajika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Cellulosomes localise on the surface of membrane vesicles from the cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum

2019 ◽  
Vol 366 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Ichikawa ◽  
Satoru Ogawa ◽  
Ayami Nishida ◽  
Yuzuki Kobayashi ◽  
Toshihito Kurosawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Thermocellum ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Membrane Vesicles ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Crystalline Cellulose ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacterium ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Degradation Activity ◽  
Enzyme Complexes

ABSTRACTMembrane vesicles released from bacteria contribute to cell–cell communication by carrying various cargos such as proteins, nucleic acids and signaling molecules. Cellulolytic bacteria have been isolated from many environments, yet the function of membrane vesicles for cellulolytic ability has been rarely described. Here, we show that a Gram-positive cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium thermocellum released membrane vesicles, each approximately 50–300 nm in diameter, into the broth. The observations with immunoelectron microscopy also revealed that cellulosomes, which are carbohydrate-active enzyme complexes that give C. thermocellum high cellulolytic activity, localized on the surface of the membrane vesicles. The membrane vesicles collected by ultracentrifugation maintained the cellulolytic activity. Supplementation with the biosurfactant surfactin or sonication treatment disrupted the membrane vesicles in the exoproteome of C. thermocellum and significantly decreased the degradation activity of the exoproteome for microcrystalline cellulose. However, these did not affect the degradation activity for soluble carboxymethyl cellulose. These results suggest a novel function of membrane vesicles: C. thermocellum releases cellulolytic enzymes on the surface of membrane vesicles to enhance the cellulolytic activity of C. thermocellum for crystalline cellulose.

scholarly journals Diversity and Activity of Aquatic Cellulolytic Bacteria Isolated from Sedimentary Water in the Littoral Zone of Tonle Sap Lake, Cambodia

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 1797
Author(s):  
Aiya Chantarasiri
Keyword(s):  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Glycosyl Hydrolase ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Freshwater Lake ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacterium ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Tonle Sap Lake ◽  
Cmcase Activity ◽  
Tonle Sap

Tonle Sap Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Southeast Asia, and it is regarded as one of the most biodiverse freshwater ecosystems in the world. Studies concerning aquatic cellulolytic bacteria from Tonle Sap Lake remain scarce. Cellulolytic bacteria and their cellulases play a vital role in the biogeochemical cycles of lake environments, and their application in biotechnological industries is likewise an important component of their usage. This study aimed to assess the isolation, genetic identification, bioinformatic analyses, and activity characterization of aquatic cellulolytic bacteria. The cellulolytic bacteria isolated from sedimentary water samples in the littoral zone of the lake belong to the genera Aeromonas, Bacillus, and Exiguobacterium. Several isolated aquatic bacteria were designated as rare cellulolytic microbes. Remarkably, B. mojavensis strain REP303 was initially evidenced by the aquatic cellulolytic bacterium in freshwater lake ecosystems. It was considered a highly active cellulolytic bacterium capable of creating a complete cellulase system involving endoglucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase. The encoded endoglucanase belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family 5 (GH5), with a carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase) activity of 3.97 ± 0.05 U/mL. The optimum temperature and pH for CMCase activity were determined to be 50 °C at a pH of 7.0, with a stability range of 25–55 °C at a neutral pH of 7.0–8.0. The CMCase activity was enhanced significantly by Mn2+ and was inhibited considerably by EDTA and ethyl-acetate. In conclusion, this study is the first to report data concerning aquatic cellulolytic bacteria isolated from the littoral zone of Tonle Sap Lake. A novel strain of isolated cellulolytic B. mojavensis could be applied in various cellulose-based industries.

scholarly journals Isolation of Cellulolytic Bacterium Staphylococcus sp. JC20 from the Intestine of Octopus (Octopus sp.) for Fish Probiotic Candidate

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indah Istiqomah ◽  
Imelda Novita Atitus ◽  
Ahmad Fauzi Rohman ◽  
Alim Isnansetyo
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacterium ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Fish Pathogens ◽  
Antagonist Activity ◽  
16S Rdna Gene ◽  
Antibiotics Sensitivity

Aim of this study was to isolate, characterize, and identify cellulolytic bacteria from the digestive tract of marine vertebrates and invertebrates as a candidate of fish probiotics. The bacteria were isolated from the digestive tract and grown on a cellulose agar plate. The bacteria were screened based on the cellulolytic activity, acid resistance, antagonist activity against fish pathogens, antibiotics sensitivity, ability to live in fish digestive tract and non-pathogenic test. Selected bacterium was identified molecularly, based on the 16S rDNA gene sequences, and phenotipically. A total of 14 bacteria demonstrated celulolitic index of 1.1-1.8. The bacteria with cellulolytic index of > 1.6 were screened by the selection criteria, resulted a selected strain, JC20 isolate which was isolated from the digestive tract of octopus (Octopus sp.). The selected bacterium was sensitive to antibiotics, resists to acidic environment, able to live in the fish digestive tract, and non-pathogen. Thus, the bacterium was potential for further characterization as fish probiotics candidate. Molecular and phenotypic identification revealed that JC20 isolate was Staphylococcus sp.

scholarly journals Cellulolytic enzyme-producing thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of Cisolok Geysers, West Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
PUTRI PRATIWI SETYANINGSIH ◽  
FITRIA NINGSIH ◽  
MAZYTHA KINANTI RACHMANIA ◽  
WINDA AYU SYAFITRI ◽  
DHIAN CHITRA AYU FITRIA SARI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
West Java ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Similarities

Abstract. Setyaningsih PP, Ningsih F, Rachmania MK, Syafitri WA, Sari DCAF, Yabe S, Yokota A, Oetari A, Sjamsuridzal W. 2019. Cellulolytic enzyme-producing thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of Cisolok Geysers, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 3134-3141. This study investigated 17 thermophilic Actinobacteria isolated from the soil of geysers in the Cisolok geothermal area, West Java, as potential producers of cellulase. Screening for cellulase was performed on minimal (Mm) agar medium with and without the addition of 1% (w/v) carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), then incubated at 45, 50, 55 and 60°C for up to 7 days. Formation of clear zones around colonies indicated cellulose hydrolysis. The results showed that 15, 14, 4, and 3 isolates showed cellulolytic activity on CMC agar medium at 45, 50, 55, and 60°C, respectively, after 7 days of incubation. Three potential isolates showed cellulolytic activity on MCC agar medium after being incubated for 7 days at 45°C. Molecular identification based on the 16S rRNA gene was performed for three isolates with positive cellulolytic activity at 60°C. The results showed that the three isolates are closely related to Actinomadura keratinilytica WCC-2265T with 99.93-100% sequence similarities. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed that the three isolates were clustered together with Actinomadura keratinilytica WCC-2265T with 100% bootstrap value. The tree also showed that cellulase producers and non-cellulase producers in Thermomonosporaceae are grouped into different clades.

Characterization of Cyanobacteria by SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins and PCR/RFLP of the 16S rRNA gene

1997 ◽  
Vol 168 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Lyra ◽  
Jarkko Hantula ◽  
Eeva Vainio ◽  
Jarkko Rapala ◽  
L. Rouhiainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Streptomyces abietis sp. nov., a cellulolytic bacterium isolated from soil of a pine forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (Pt_12) ◽  
pp. 4754-4759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuhiko Fujii ◽  
Masataka Satomi ◽  
Youhei Fukui ◽  
Shun Matsunobu ◽  
Youji Morifuku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacterium ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Dna Base Composition ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Physiological Characterization ◽  
Link Type

Cellulolytic bacteria A191T, A192 and A193 isolated from the soil of Sakhalin fir forest in Hokkaido, Japan were studied phenotypically, genotypically and phylogenetically. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene and gyrB sequences and DNA base composition suggested that these isolates were conspecific and members of the genus Streptomyces . However, levels of 16S rRNA gene and gyrB sequence similarity between the isolates and the type strains of their closest relatives in the genus Streptomyces were no higher than 97.9 and 95.0 %, respectively, implying that these isolates were distinctive. Moreover, the results of DNA−DNA hybridization experiments and physiological characterization clearly differentiated these isolates from their closest neighbours. It is therefore concluded that these isolates represent a novel species of the genus Streptomyces , for which the name Streptomyces abietis is proposed. The type strain is A191T ( = NBRC 109094T = DSM 42080T).

scholarly journals Mycoplasma mucosicanis sp. nov., isolated from the mucosa of dogs

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Spergser ◽  
Stefan Langer ◽  
Simone Muck ◽  
Kathrin Macher ◽  
Michael Szostak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequence ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Intergenic Spacer Region ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequence Similarities

Fourteen Mycoplasma strains were isolated from the oral cavity and genital tract of asymptomatic dogs. Isolates had been preliminarily identified by conventional serological testing as Mycoplasma bovigenitalium, but in 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer PCR-RFLP assays the isolates exhibited an RFLP pattern distinct from M. bovigenitalium PG11T. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene placed a representative of the isolates (strain 1642T) in the M. bovigenitalium subcluster of the Mycoplasma bovis cluster of mycoplasmas, with the highest sequence similarities to Mycoplasma californicum ST-6T (96.4 %), M. bovigenitalium PG11T (96.3 %) and Mycoplasma phocirhinis 852T (96.2 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities almost equidistant from three recognized species and results obtained by sequence analysis of the 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer region, polar lipid profiles and serological reactions indicated that this organism represents a novel species of the genus Mycoplasma for which the name Mycoplasma mucosicanis sp. nov. is proposed, with strain 1642T ( = ATCC BAA-1895T  = DSM 22457T) as the type strain.

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