scholarly journals Fluorescence Microscopy Is Superior to Polarized Microscopy for Detecting Amyloid Deposits in Congo Red–Stained Trephine Bone Marrow Biopsy Specimens

2012 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Marcus ◽  
Evita Sadimin ◽  
Maurice Richardson ◽  
Lauri Goodell ◽  
Billie Fyfe
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Fluorescence Microscopy ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Congo Red ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Polarized Microscopy ◽  
Amyloid Deposits ◽  
Trephine Bone Marrow Biopsy

Follicular Lymphoma in Staging Bone Marrow Specimens: Correlation of Histologic Findings With the Results of Flow Cytometry Immunophenotypic Analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-287
Author(s):  
Dan Iancu ◽  
Suyang Hao ◽  
Pei Lin ◽  
S. Keith Anderson ◽  
Jeffrey L. Jorgensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Follicular Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Color Flow ◽  
Flow Cytometric Immunophenotyping ◽  
Histologic Evidence ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Biopsy Specimens

Abstract Context.—Bone marrow (BM) examination is part of the staging workup of lymphoma patients. Few studies have compared BM histologic findings with results of flow cytometric immunophenotyping analysis in follicular lymphoma (FL) patients. Objective.—To correlate histologic findings with immunophenotypic data in staging BM biopsy and aspiration specimens of FL patients. Design.—Bone marrow biopsy specimens of untreated FL patients were reviewed. Histologic findings were correlated with 3-color flow cytometric immunophenotyping results on corresponding BM aspirates. Results.—Bone marrow biopsy specimens (with or without aspirates) of 114 patients with histologic evidence of FL in BM were reviewed. There were 76 bilateral and 38 unilateral biopsies performed, resulting in 190 specimens: 187 involved by FL and 3 negative (in patients with a positive contralateral specimen). The extent of BM involvement was <5% in 32 (17.1%), ≥5% and ≤25% in 102 (54.6%), >25% and ≤50% in 27 (14.4%), and >50% in 26 (13.9%) specimens. The pattern of involvement was purely paratrabecular in 81 (43.3%), mixed in 80 (42.8%), and purely nonparatrabecular in 26 (13.9%). Immunophenotyping was only performed unilaterally, on BM aspirates of 92 patients, and was positive for a monoclonal B-cell population in 53 (57.6%) patients. Immunophenotyping was more often negative when biopsy specimens showed FL with a purely paratrabecular pattern. For comparison, we assessed 163 FL patients without histologic evidence of FL in BM also analyzed by flow cytometric immunophenotyping. A monoclonal B-cell population was identified in 5 patients (3%). Conclusions.—Our data suggest that 3-color flow cytometric immunophenotyping adds little information to the evaluation of staging BM specimens of FL patients.

Loss of Membrane Expression of E-Cadherin in Leukemic Erythroblasts

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-201
Author(s):  
Geza Acs ◽  
Virginia A. LiVolsi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Bone Marrow Aspirate ◽  
Hematopoietic Cells ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Staining ◽  
Membrane Expression ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Erythroid Precursors ◽  
Adhesive Interactions ◽  
E Cadherin

Abstract Context.—The special societal relationships existing between various cell types in bone marrow suggests that there may be a link between the adhesive characteristics of hematopoietic cells and their maturation. Egress of the developing hematopoietic cells is also a highly regulated process governed by adhesive interactions. In leukemia, immature blasts are not retained within the marrow, suggesting a breakdown of adhesive mechanisms. Recent reports suggest that E-cadherin, an epithelial adhesion molecule, is expressed on erythroid precursors and megakaryocytes, but not on other hematopoietic marrow elements. Objective.—To characterize the expression pattern of E-cadherin in normal and leukemic erythroid precursors by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissue and bone marrow aspirate smears. Methods.—Five normal bone marrow specimens from rib resections, 15 trephine bone marrow biopsy specimens, and 6 bone marrow aspirate smears from the iliac crest of patients with no known leukemia were selected. Fourteen bone marrow biopsy specimens from patients with erythroleukemia were also studied. Immunoperoxidase staining of paraffin-embedded tissue and air-dried aspirate smears for E-cadherin (1:200 dilution, HECD-1 clone) was performed using the avidin-biotin peroxidase technique. Results.—In paraffin-embedded bone marrow biopsy and rib specimens and in air-dried bone marrow aspirate smears, strong membrane expression of E-cadherin was seen in the normal erythroid precursors in all cases. In contrast, no membrane expression of E-cadherin was present in any of the bone marrow biopsy specimens from patients with erythroleukemia. Conclusions.—Immunohistochemical detection of membrane expression of E-cadherin may be a useful tool for identification of erythroid precursors. Cells of erythroleukemia lack membrane expression of E-cadherin, in contrast to their normal counterparts. Further studies are needed to define the potential role of E-cadherin in the maturation of erythroid precursors and to ascertain the significance of loss of membrane expression of E-cadherin in erythroleukemia.

Modern techniques for the diagnostic evaluation of the trephine bone marrow biopsy: Methodological aspects and applications

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Falko Fend ◽  
Alexandar Tzankov ◽  
Karin Bink ◽  
Stefan Seidl ◽  
Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Evaluation ◽  
Trephine Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Methodological Aspects

Influence of Age and Needle Gauge on Bone Marrow Biopsy Specimen Adequacy.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 5581-5581
Author(s):  
Alec Goldenberg ◽  
Priscilla Kelley ◽  
Sherif Ibrahim ◽  
Filiz Sen ◽  
Cynthia Liu
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Specimen Length ◽  
Younger Patients ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Clinical Diagnoses ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Biopsy Needles

Abstract Introduction. The quality and length of bone marrow biopsy core specimens should facilitate accurate diagnositic interpretation of marrow histopathology. A 11G specimen of length 1.6 cm or greater is considered adequate for pathologic evaluation by some authors. The length of specimens recovered with 11G needles appears to depend on needle design. We explored the possibility that the adequacy of bone marrow biopsy specimens may be influenced by patient age and the gauge of biopsy needles. Methods. 88 bone marrow core specimens were recovered from 72 patients using 11G SNARECOIL bone marrow biopsy needles. The mean age of these patients was 61.4 and the m/f ratio was 45/27. The clinical diagnoses were isolated anemia, cytopenias, leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma and other in 18.0%, 33.3%, 13.8%, 13.8%, 5.5% and 15.2% of the patients, respectively. 10 patients underwent multiple procedures (2–6) for evaluation of treatment efficacy. 106 patients underwent 127 bone marrow biopsy procedures using 8G SNARECOIL needles. The m/f ratio was 56/50 and the mean age of the patients was 63.1years. The clinical diagnoses were isolated anemia, cytopenia, leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma or other in 22.2%, 19.6%, 14.9%, 21.2%, 12.5% and 9.4% patients respectively. 13 patients underwent multiple procedures (range 2–4) for evaluation of response to treatment. Results. Although the mean length of the 11G and 8G specimens were statistically significantly the same (mean±SEM, 1.97±0.07 cm vs. 1.99±0.05 cm, respectively, p = 0.8), the distribution of specimen lengths was asymmetric or skewed for the 11G specimens (skewness(skw) =0.52) and nearly normal for the 8G specimens (skw =0.04). The deviation from a normal distribution suggested additional variable(s) might be effecting specimen length. The possible influence of age on specimen length relative to needle gauge was considered. The mean age of the patients biopsied with 11G needles was 61.4. The m/f ratios of the patients ≤64 and ≥65 were statistically the same (27/12 vs. 18/15, respectively, p = 0.2). The mean age of the patients biopsied with 8G needles was 63.1. The m/f ratios of the patients ≤64 and ≥65 were statistically the same (30/26 vs. 26/23, respectively, p =0.5). 11 G specimens from younger patients, ≤64, were more frequently adequate (1.6 cm or greater) (39/53 = 73.5%) than specimens from older patients ≥ 65 (18/35 = 51.4%), p = 0.03. Conversely adequate 8G specimens were recovered as frequently in older patients ≥65 years (40/55 = 72.7%) as they were in younger patients ≤64 years, (59/72 = 81.9%) p = 0.21. Moreover, in older patients, adequate biopsy specimens were recovered more frequently by 8G needles then by 11G needles (40/55=72.7% vs. 18/35 = 51.4%, respectively, p = 0.04). Conclusions. 1. Age influences the rate of recovery of adequate bone marrow core biopsy specimens. 2. 8G needles recover adequate specimens more frequently than 11G needles in older patients.

N-Cadherin Immunoexpression In Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 122 (21) ◽  
pp. 4976-4976
Author(s):  
Rahul D Pawar ◽  
Tara L. Lin ◽  
Wei Cui ◽  
Omar S. Aljitawi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Myeloid Leukemia ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsies ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Control Bone ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Acute Myeloid

Abstract Introduction N-cadherin is a member of the cadherin family which is involved in calcium ion dependent adhesion between cells by interaction with catenin on other cells. In our previous work, we have shown differential patterns of N-cadherin expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines when cultured in traditional 2-dimensional (2-D) culture conditions (over monolayer of stromal cells) compared to 3-D culture conditions.  In addition, we have observed that AML cell lines which are more resistant to chemotherapy in vitro had higher expression of N-cadherin, suggesting potential translational applications to patients with AML.  In order to further examine the role of N-cadherin in AML, we studied patterns of N-cadherin immunoexpression in bone marrow samples taken from patients with untreated AML and compared them to control bone marrow samples. Methods In this retrospective study, we evaluated bone marrow biopsy specimens of 10 AML patients for N-cadherin expression by immunohistochemistry. Bone marrow biopsy specimens from 10 negative staging lymphoma patients were used as control. Automated Cellular Imaging system (ACIS) was used to quantify and grade N-cadherin immunoexpression in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm of evaluated cells. ACIS uses advanced color detection software in order to evaluate N-cadherin positive cells and measure the intensity of staining. Grades of N-cadherin positivity were subclassified as grade 0 (no staining) 1+, 2+, 3+. 10 different areas of each sample were evaluated in order to estimate the median intensity of staining per slide. Student’s t-test was used to compare the generated medians and a P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Nuclear N-cadherin staining was graded and compared between bone marrow biopsy specimens of patients with AML and control bone marrow biopsies from patients with negative staging bone marrow examinations for lymphoma.  Interestingly, the percentage of N-cadherin grade 0 (negative) cells was higher in controls than AML samples (54% vs. 37%, p=0. 01). Also, the percentage of grade 1 and grade 2 expressing cells was significantly higher in AML cases compared to controls (grade 1: 39% vs. 29%, p=0.005; grade 2: 21% vs. 13%, p=0.029).  However, there was no statistical difference seen in between AML cases and controls in terms of levels of grade 3 expression. Similarly, cytoplasmic N-cadherin staining was quantified. Grade 0 expressing cells were significantly higher in control samples compared to AML samples (34% vs. 16%, p=0.01). There was no statistical difference seen in terms of levels of grade 1 expression. However, grade 2 and 3 expression levels quantifying the higher levels of N-cadherin expression were significantly higher in bone marrow biopsies from patients with AML versus those from negative staging bone marrows (grade 2: 26% vs. 9%, P=0.01; grade 3:  4% vs. 1%, p=0.04). Conclusion Based on these results, we conclude that cytoplasmic N-cadherin expression is significantly increased in AML bone-marrow samples compared to control samples. These results should be further evaluated in the future to determine the prognostic significance of N-cadherin expression in AML. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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