Geographic and Temporal Trends of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects Screening for Two Clinical Trials in North America and Western Europe

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibtain Rahim ◽  
Linda M. Fredrick ◽  
Barbara A. da Silva ◽  
Barry Bernstein ◽  
Martin S. King
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
North America ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Declining Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-exposed Individuals in Western Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 207 (8) ◽  
pp. 1216-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Luca ◽  
D. Dunn ◽  
M. Zazzi ◽  
R. Camacho ◽  
C. Torti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals HIV-1 RNA Levels and Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in Blood and Non-Blood Compartments from HIV-1–Infected Men and Women enrolled in AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5077

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e93537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Kantor ◽  
Daniel Bettendorf ◽  
Ronald J. Bosch ◽  
Marita Mann ◽  
David Katzenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Aids Clinical Trials ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Rna Levels

scholarly journals Long-Acting Anti-HIV Drugs Targeting HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Singh ◽  
Stefan G. Sarafianos ◽  
Anders Sönnerborg
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Reverse Transcriptase ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Long Acting ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Hiv Drugs ◽  
Hiv 1

One of the major factors contributing to HIV-1 drug resistance is suboptimal adherence to combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Currently, recommended cART for HIV-1 treatment is a three-drug combination, whereas the pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) regimens consist of one or two antivirals. Treatment regimens require adherence to a once or twice (in a subset of patients) daily dose. Long-acting formulations such as injections administered monthly could improve adherence and convenience, and thereby have potential to enhance the chances of expected outcomes, although long-lasting drug concentrations can also contribute to clinical issues like adverse events and development of drug resistance. Globally, two long-acting antivirals have been approved, and fifteen are in clinical trials. More than half of investigational long-acting antivirals target HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (HIV-1 RT) and/or integrase (HIV-1 IN). Here, we discuss the status and potential of long-acting inhibitors, including rilpivirine (RPV), dapivirine (DPV), and 4-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2-deoxyadenosine (EFdA; also known as MK-8591), which target RT, and cabotegravir (CAB), which targets IN. The outcomes of various clinical trials appear quite satisfactory, and the future of long-acting HIV-1 regimens appears bright.

scholarly journals Geographic and Temporal Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance: An Individual-Patient- and Sequence-Level Meta-Analysis

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. e1001810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Yon Rhee ◽  
Jose Luis Blanco ◽  
Michael R. Jordan ◽  
Jonathan Taylor ◽  
Philippe Lemey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Subjects with Advanced HIV-1 Infection in Whom Antiretroviral Combination Therapy Is Failing: A Substudy of AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 388

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Demeter ◽  
H. J. Ribaudo ◽  
A. Erice ◽  
S. H. Eshleman ◽  
S. M. Hammer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Aids Clinical Trials ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Therapy-Emergent Drug Resistance to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors in HIV-1 Patients: A Subgroup Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e0160087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangzhou You ◽  
Hongren Wang ◽  
Xiaojun Huang ◽  
Zhen Qin ◽  
Zhaomin Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Strand Transfer ◽  
Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors ◽  
Hiv 1

Tipranavir/T20-based salvage regimens highly effective and durable against HIV-1 with evidence for genotypic predictability of response in clinical practice

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 630-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
R K Gupta ◽  
Clive Loveday ◽  
U Kalidindi ◽  
M Lechelt ◽  
Celia Skinner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Load Drop ◽  
Resistance Score ◽  
Hiv 1

Escalating drug resistance in treatment-experienced HIV-1-infected patients has made management increasingly difficult. In clinical trials, tipranavir (TPV) has produced potent and durable responses in such patients, although experience in clinical cohorts is limited. A retrospective clinical case review was undertaken of triple-class experienced HIV-1-infected patients receiving optimized boosted TPV-containing regimens and T20 with up to 108 weeks follow-up. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) resistance profiles were characterized using International Aids Society (IAS)-USA scoring and 'TPV resistance score' (TPV-RS) at baseline and failure. Five of 12 patients had undetectable virus (<50 copies/mL) after median 84 weeks (range 60–108), and 1/12 < had 700 copies/mL after 40 weeks. Six of 12 patients failed after 36 (range 12–48) weeks and were more likely to have ≥3 TPV-RS mutations than non-failures ( P = 0.06). Presence of a major IAS-USA mutation at baseline was strongly associated with absence of a 1 log viral load drop at 24 weeks ( P = 0.02). TPV-containing regimens showed impressive efficacy and tolerability in this heavily experienced cohort.

scholarly journals Correction: Geographic and Temporal Trends in the Molecular Epidemiology and Genetic Mechanisms of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance: An Individual-Patient- and Sequence-Level Meta-Analysis

PLoS Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. e1001845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo-Yon Rhee ◽  
Jose Luis Blanco ◽  
Michael R. Jordan ◽  
Jonathan Taylor ◽  
Philippe Lemey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Drivers of HIV-1 transmission: the Portuguese case

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea-Clemencia Pineda-Peña ◽  
Marta Pingarilho ◽  
Guangdi Li ◽  
Bram Vrancken ◽  
Pieter Libin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Background Portugal has one of the most severe HIV-1 epidemic in Western Europe. Two subtypes circulate in parallel since the beginning of the epidemic. Comparing their transmission patterns and its association with transmitted drug resistance (TDR) is important to pinpoint transmission hotspots and to develop evidence-based treatment guidelines. Methods 3599 HIV-1 naive patients collected between 2001 and 2014 were included in the study. Sequences obtained from drug resistance testing were used for subtyping, TDR determination and transmission clusters (TC) analyses. Results Subtype B transmission was significantly associated with young males, while subtype G was associated with older heterosexuals. Young males infected with subtype B were more likely to be included in TC. Consistently, a decreasing trend of prevalence and transmission of subtype G in Portuguese originated people was observed. Active TCs were associated with subtype B-infected males residing in Lisbon. TDR was significantly different when comparing subtypes B (10.8% [9.5-12.2]) and G (7.6% [6.4-9.0]) (p=0.001). Discussion TC analyses shows that the subtype B epidemic is active and fueled by young male patients residing in Lisbon and that transmission of subtype G in Portugal is decreasing. Despite similar treatment rates for both subtypes in Portugal, TDR is different between subtypes.

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