scholarly journals Gray Matter, White Matter and Cerebrospinal Volume in Schizophrenia and Subgroups: Mr Segmentation and Volumetric Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Mr Segmentation ◽  
Volumetric Study

FT-IR microspectroscopic analysis of diseased white matter brain tissues

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 968-969
Author(s):  
Steven M. Le Vine ◽  
David L. Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Twitcher Mouse ◽  
Grid Pattern ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Spatially Resolved ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Microspectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Evidence

In situ FT-IR microspectroscopy has allowed spatially resolved interrogation of different parts of brain tissue. In previous work the spectrrscopic features of normal barin tissue were characterized. The white matter, gray matter and basal ganglia were mapped from appropriate peak area measurements from spectra obtained in a grid pattern. Bands prevalent in white matter were mostly associated with the lipid. These included 2927 and 1469 cm-1 due to CH2 as well as carbonyl at 1740 cm-1. Also 1235 and 1085 cm-1 due to phospholipid and galactocerebroside, respectively (Figs 1and2). Localized chemical changes in the white matter as a result of white matter diseases have been studied. This involved the documentation of localized chemical evidence of demyelination in shiverer mice in which the spectra of white matter lacked the marked contrast between it and gray matter exhibited in the white matter of normal mice (Fig. 3).The twitcher mouse, a model of Krabbe’s desease, was also studied. The purpose in this case was to look for a localized build-up of psychosine in the white matter caused by deficiencies in the enzyme responsible for its breakdown under normal conditions.

scholarly journals Topographic patterns of white matter hyperintensities are associated with multimodal neuroimaging biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Malo Gaubert ◽  
Catharina Lange ◽  
Antoine Garnier-Crussard ◽  
Theresa Köbe ◽  
Salma Bougacha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume

Abstract Background White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are frequently found in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Commonly considered as a marker of cerebrovascular disease, regional WMH may be related to pathological hallmarks of AD, including beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and neurodegeneration. The aim of this study was to examine the regional distribution of WMH associated with Aβ burden, glucose hypometabolism, and gray matter volume reduction. Methods In a total of 155 participants (IMAP+ cohort) across the cognitive continuum from normal cognition to AD dementia, FLAIR MRI, AV45-PET, FDG-PET, and T1 MRI were acquired. WMH were automatically segmented from FLAIR images. Mean levels of neocortical Aβ deposition (AV45-PET), temporo-parietal glucose metabolism (FDG-PET), and medial-temporal gray matter volume (GMV) were extracted from processed images using established AD meta-signature templates. Associations between AD brain biomarkers and WMH, as assessed in region-of-interest and voxel-wise, were examined, adjusting for age, sex, education, and systolic blood pressure. Results There were no significant associations between global Aβ burden and region-specific WMH. Voxel-wise WMH in the splenium of the corpus callosum correlated with greater Aβ deposition at a more liberal threshold. Region- and voxel-based WMH in the posterior corpus callosum, along with parietal, occipital, and frontal areas, were associated with lower temporo-parietal glucose metabolism. Similarly, lower medial-temporal GMV correlated with WMH in the posterior corpus callosum in addition to parietal, occipital, and fontal areas. Conclusions This study demonstrates that local white matter damage is correlated with multimodal brain biomarkers of AD. Our results highlight modality-specific topographic patterns of WMH, which converged in the posterior white matter. Overall, these cross-sectional findings corroborate associations of regional WMH with AD-typical Aß deposition and neurodegeneration.

CHARACTERIZATION OF COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE, GRAY MATTER VOLUME AND WHITE MATTER MICROSTRUCTURE IN COGNITIVELY UNIMPAIRED ADULTS WITH INSOMNIA SYMPTOMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. P207-P209
Author(s):  
Oriol Grau-Rivera ◽  
Grégory Operto ◽  
Carles Falcon ◽  
Raffaele Cacciaglia ◽  
Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Gray Matter Volume ◽  
Matter Volume ◽  
White Matter Microstructure ◽  
Insomnia Symptoms

scholarly journals Comparison of pathophysiological changes of white matter and gray matter under focal ischemic stroke condition

IBRO Reports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. S238
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mohsin Qureshi ◽  
Seungjun Ryu ◽  
Younghoon Shin ◽  
Hyuk-Sang Kwon ◽  
Hyoung-Ihl Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter

Use of an intracranial near-infrared probe for localization during stereotactic surgery for movement disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 498-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cole A. Giller ◽  
Maureen Johns ◽  
Hanli Liu
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Gray Matter ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Subcortical White Matter ◽  
Stereotactic Surgery ◽  
Resected Specimen ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Localization of targets during stereotactic surgery is frequently accomplished by identification of the boundaries between the gray matter of various nuclei and the surrounding white matter. The authors describe an intracranial probe developed for this purpose, which uses near-infrared (NIR) light.The probe fits through standard stereotactic holders and emits light at its tip. The scattered light is detected and analyzed by a spectrometer, with the slope of the trailing portion of the reflectance curve used as the measurement value.Near-infrared readings were obtained during 27 neurosurgical procedures. The first three operations were temporal lobectomies, with values obtained from tracks in the resected specimen and resection bed. In the next five procedures, the probe was inserted stereotactically to a depth of 1 to 2 cm with measurements obtained every 1 mm. The probe was then used in 19 stereotactic procedures for movement disorders, obtaining measurements every 0.5 to 1 mm to target depths of 6 to 8 cm to interrogate subcortical structures. The NIR signals were correlated to distances beneath the cortical surface measured on postoperative computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging by using angle correction and three-dimensional reconstruction techniques.The NIR values for white and gray matter obtained during the lobectomies were significantly different (white matter 2.5 ± 0.37, gray matter 0.82 ± 0.23 mean ± standard deviation). The NIR values from the superficial stereotactic tracks showed initial low values corresponding to cortical gray matter and high values corresponding to subcortical white matter.There was good correlation between the NIR signals and postoperative imaging in the 19 stereotactic cases. Dips due to adjacent sulci, a plateau of high signal due to subcortical white matter, a dip in the NIR signal during passage through the ventricle, dips due to the caudate nucleus, and peaks due to the white matter capsule between ventricle and thalamus were constant features. The putamen—capsule boundary and the lamina externa and interna of the globus pallidus could be distinguished in three cases. Elevated signals corresponding to the thalamic floor were seen in 10 cases. Nuances such as prior lesions and nonspecific white matter changes were also detected. There was no incidence of morbidity associated with use of the probe. Data acquisition was straightforward and the equipment required for the studies was inexpensive.The NIR probe described in this article seems to be able to detect gray—white matter boundaries around and within subcortical structures commonly encountered in stereotactic functional neurosurgery. This simple, inexpensive method deserves further study to establish its efficacy for stereotactic localization.

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