Researching the promotion of fundamental British values in schools

2019 ◽  
pp. 51-68
Author(s):  
Carol Vincent
Keyword(s):  
National Policy ◽  
High Stakes Testing ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Affective Characteristics ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Policy Enactment

Chapter 3 discusses the processes of ‘policy enactment’ (Ball, Maguire and Braun 2012). This term is used to emphasise that there is no simple straight line between what a policy text states and what happens on the ground. Enactment describes the processes by which teachers interpret and reinterpret national policy, translating it to fit their own contexts. In the discussion, I consider the importance of what has been called the affective policy ‘tone’, in shaping enactment, drawing on Ben Anderson’s work to describe the affective characteristics of the wider social and political climate. The chapter also outlines the current education policy context in England, emphasising the key role of high stakes testing in shaping teachers’ work lives and the emphasis on traditional academic subjects, leading to the marginalisation of citizenship education described in Chapter 2. The chapter finishes by introducing the schools involved in this research. They consist of nine case study schools and eight schools that were visited for a one-off interview.

scholarly journals High-stakes testing and English teachers' role as materials developers: Insights from vocational high schools

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-130
Author(s):  
Elsa Ananda ◽  
Ashadi Ashadi
Keyword(s):  
High Schools ◽  
High Stakes Testing ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
National Examination ◽  
Vocational High Schools ◽  
The Government ◽  
Teachers Professional Development

The implementation of the National Examination (NE) in Indonesia in elementary to high schools is considered as high-stakes testing and affects the teachers’ practice particularly in vocational settings. As material developers, English teachers in Vocational High Schools (VHS) are demanded to develop appropriate and suitable materials to meet the students’ specific needs. The incompatibility of the NE materials prescribed by the government and the vocational students’ needs put the teachers in a dilemma. The teachers should deal with the pressure of the NE and their roles as materials developers. This article tries to reveal how high-stakes testing impacts their roles as material developers particularly in the absence of specifically prescribed materials for VHS students. A case study design was used in this research with 31 participants of English teachers from nine state VHS in Pontianak, Indonesia. Data were collected through questionnaires and interviews. The result revealed that the role of teachers as materials developers somehow becomes diminishing because of the presence of the NE as high-stakes testing in the learning process, especially in VHS. This condition is detrimental to the teachers’ professional development since their roles as materials developers are limited and even under-developed. With the cancellation of NE by the end of this year, it is expected that the teachers are able to play their roles as materials developers and conduct evaluations based on the students’ specific expertise.

High-Stakes Testing Case Study: A Latent Variable Approach for Assessing Measurement and Prediction Invariance

Psychometrika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Andrew Culpepper ◽  
Herman Aguinis ◽  
Justin L. Kern ◽  
Roger Millsap
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variable ◽  
High Stakes Testing ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Variable Approach ◽  
Testing Case ◽  
Latent Variable Approach ◽  
Prediction Invariance

Preserving Education as a Public Good: Lessons from the Grassroots

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-929
Author(s):  
Barbara Ferman
Keyword(s):  
High Stakes Testing ◽  
Coalition Building ◽  
Grassroots Activism ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
School Closures ◽  
Neoliberal Reforms ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
School Expansion ◽  
State Takeovers

The article provides an overview of my book, The Fight for America’s Schools: Grassroots Activism in Education. The book examines how grassroots activists in Pennsylvania and New Jersey challenged various neoliberal reforms in education such as high stakes testing, school closures, state takeovers of local school districts, and charter school expansion. The four case studies focus on who the activists were, how they became involved, the challenges they faced, and the prospects for coalition building across different constituent groups. The comparative analysis reveals the role of political, organizational, demographic, and historical factors in shaping how activism played out in each location and in its effectiveness.

scholarly journals The Role of Moral Outrage on the Impeachment of Garut Regent in 2012-2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayat Sardini
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
National Level ◽  
Community Action ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Short Message ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
The People ◽  
State Actors

Moral and political are two things that cannot be separated. The marriage of a regent in Garut regency, Indonesia, with an underage girl eventually leads to community action, where people demand the regent to resign from his position as a regional head. It was not even four days of marriage the regent had divorced his young wife via a short message from his own mobile phone. Therefore, the people of Garut suddenly expressed their wrath through a large-scale demonstration which pushedthe Local House of Representative immediately to process the regent’s removal. This research utilized a qualitative approach with a case-study method, the data in this research relied on the practice of in-depth interviews, observations, and documentaries. This research succeeded to observe that the general factor which underlying the action of demonstration in Garut which demanded the resignation of the regent was caused by the political climate change of democratization in the national level which also impacted Garut Regency. The national politicalclimate change increased the unconventional public participation in Garut and provided political sphere for non-state actors to establish political-involvement balance between state actors and non-state actors themselves. In other hand, the specific underlying factor on this case is the regent’s behavior which was judged as the act of dishonorable humiliation on women’s dignity, especially his speech in some national television channels. The power of this study lies on its novelty, filling in lubrication and study originality, towards the moral and ethical behavior as the new object on Social Movement.   

scholarly journals Equipping the poorest of the poor to become agents of community transformation: A case study of milk as a catalyst in Burundi

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A. Van Aarde
Keyword(s):  
Missio Dei ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Future Expectations ◽  
Community Transformation ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Religious Dimensions ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Loss Of Dignity

Community transformation has cultural, political and religious dimensions. In the case of Burundi, it is ranked 188/188 on the scale of the world’s poorest countries. The poor in Burundi have a fatalistic attitude towards poverty as a result of the unstable political climate, corruption and a climate of suspicion. The poor are cynical and have no hopeful future expectations. The resourcefulness of the poor having been muted. The Christian church of Burundi has developed a culture of dependency. The role of the church in the West has been limited to lifting the poor out of abject poverty. A creative use of available resources and the participation of the poor through the recognition of their own resourcefulness and stewardship is a sustainable approach to the alleviation of poverty. Newfrontiers churches have developed the approach of equipping the poor as a mission’s strategy to participate in the missio Dei. The majority of churches and non-governmental organisations who endeavour to alleviate poverty in Burundi have, what can be termed, a ‘dependency virus’ or ‘dependency crisis’ and are victims caught in the ‘dependency trap’, that is, they create a culture of dependency through their provision. The loss of dignity that follows, transform the community into a slave of the beneficiary system in which poverty is conceived as a lack of things rather than a mind-set born from help given by the beneficiary without the consent of the poor.

scholarly journals Unpacking the Role of Neoliberalism on the Politics of Poverty Reduction Policies in Ontario, Canada: A Descriptive Case Study and Critical Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Jessica K. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Social Advocacy ◽  
Descriptive Case Study ◽  
Reduction Strategy ◽  
Poverty Reduction Strategy ◽  
Detrimental Impact

This paper employs a descriptive case study method to analyze and critically review the emergence of the provincial poverty reduction strategy in Ontario, Canada which was implemented in 2008 and renewed in 2014. The purpose of this study is two-fold: first, it defines the principles of neoliberalism and explores the historical growth of neoliberal thought in Canada, and specifically within Ontario, beginning in the 1980s to the present-day. Drawing on a combination of primary, secondary and grey literature, this paper discusses the ways in which neoliberal ideologies and rhetoric became deeply rooted in political thought and discourse within the province. Employing a critical theory framework, the paper highlights the contrasting ways in which neoliberal values were adopted by the different political parties in power and the detrimental impact this espousal had on individuals living in poverty within Ontario. Second, the paper illustrates the powerful ways in which anti-poverty grassroots movements and social advocacy groups assembled to push for the creation of a provincial poverty reduction strategy. The analysis ends with a critique of the neoliberal influences on the strategy’s recommendations and the future outlook of the poverty reduction strategy based on the current political climate within the province.

scholarly journals Debt to Society: The Role of Fines & Fees Reform in Dismantling the Carceral State

2021 ◽  
pp. 857
Author(s):  
Wesley Dozier ◽  
Daniel Kiel
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Political Climate ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Criminal Legal System ◽  
Legal Frameworks

Fines and fees that result from contact with the criminal legal system serve as a suffocating debt for those against whom they are assessed. Many states have countless laws that require taxes, fines, and fees to be assessed against individuals involved in the criminal legal system at various stages of the criminal legal process, and they have the effect of permanently trapping individuals within the system. In Tennessee, for example, these debts, which can accumulate to over $10,000 in a single criminal case, stand in the way of individuals getting their criminal records expunged, keeping valid driver’s licenses, and restoring their voting rights, among other things. However, as in many other states, Tennessee’s legislature is decidedly hostile to the poor (particularly when poor people’s issues compete with the perceived financial health of government entities), and the urgency of the problem cannot wait for unwilling lawmakers to realize the change that thousands of people need. Using Tennessee as a case study and drawing on the author’s experiences working within the State’s system, this Article considers ways to effectively advocate for the elimination of court debt as a punishment for poverty. First, it provides an abbreviated history of court debt and explains how that history still impacts individuals today. This Article also draws upon the author’s experiences representing individuals in court, appearing before judges, and collaborating with other stakeholders to show the difficulty of achieving a state-wide movement for reform in Tennessee’s current political climate, a problem not unique to this state. Finally, the Article concludes by discussing how local actors can work within current legal frameworks to protect people from extortionist fine and fee policies and limit the harmful growth of the criminal legal system.

“As the Test Collapses In”: Teaching and Learning Amid High-Stakes Testing in Two Urban Elementary Classrooms

2020 ◽  
pp. 004208592090226
Author(s):  
Michiko Hikida ◽  
Laura A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Multiple Case Study ◽  
High Stakes Testing ◽  
Elementary Classrooms ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
Ethnographic Data

Although there is much research detailing the pedagogical constraints of high-stakes testing (HST), there is less that examines teachers’ practices within and beyond its control. This multiple case study analyzes ethnographic data to explore two teachers’ practices in an urban context where HST was relevant. Drawing on Foucault’s conceptualization of a plague-stricken town, we explore the mobilization of disciplinary power associated with HST. We then examine teachers’ agency as they taught beyond the administrative gaze. We found that teachers sometimes complied with administrative mandates while also articulating tensions of providing access and actively resisting/critiquing the test.

scholarly journals Hacking the Rural Renaissance: Understanding Models of Rural Innovation Ecosystems and Their Implications for Public Policy and Community Development Practice

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashleigh Weeden
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Innovation Ecosystems ◽  
Infrastructure Investments ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Of Canada

The Government of Canada opened its Innovation Agenda consultations by stating: “Innovation is a Canadian value…. [It] will create jobs, drive growth and improve the lives of all Canadians…. We have the talent, the drive, the dedication and the opportunity to succeed. So, what’s next?” However, it often seems like “what’s next” are policies that fail to recognize, support and leverage innovation in the diverse rural communities that feed our bodies and fuel our economies. This research will use a comparative case study approach to examine how different rural communities successfully leverage innovation systems for community economic development and identify key drivers for rural economic resiliency by exploring: (i) the influence of spatial, relational, and structural dimensions in the development of place-based rural innovation ecosystems; (ii) the influence and role of infrastructure investments; and (iii) the influence of provincial/national policy frameworks on rural community capacity to leverage placebased innovation ecosystems.

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