Teaching methods applied in higher education during C0VID-19 pandemic in Africa

The outbreak of COVID has imposed a lot of challenges globally to effective teaching since the first COVID 19 pandemic in Africa. In 2020, different African countries have witnessed a drastic change in economic, social and political sphere of life. In order to avoid further spread of COVID-19 and with strict preventive measures, physical contact teaching was cancelled until further notice. The suspension of physical classes at the universities has brought unique challenges to students and educators in the process of delivering contents of the curriculum and achieving value in the education sector across Africa. Our empirical research aimed at finding out the effective teaching methods adopted by higher educational institutions during COVID-19 Pandemic in Africa. The study employed qualitative study design rooted in a descriptive case study, semi structured interview was used to collect data from ten lecturers from seven countries in Africa. The study found greater satisfaction with teaching and learning methods used in African universities. However, both adaptation and application of new teaching methods in higher learning institutions in Africa are still facing various challenges. Throughout this study, we recommend that each university should invest in technologies and research, consistent internet availability, training and skill acquisition in computer operation.

ARGUMENT BAR MOVEMENT IN RELATIVE CLAUSES PRODUCED BY BIPA STUDENTS: AN ANALYSIS OF NOAM CHOMSKY’S GENERATIVE TRANSFORMATION

This study was intended to describe (1) the characteristics of the argument bar movement in relative clauses, (2) the characteristics of the relative clause structure, and (3) the suitability of the relative clause structure produced by BIPA students. This research was a qualitative descriptive case study. This research data were relative clauses sourced from BIPA students' speeches at the beginner and intermediate levels at the University of Muhammadiyah Malang. The data collection method used was the listening method with tapping, recording, note-taking, and hidden fishing techniques. Data analysis was carried out by identifying the predication-argument relationship with theta theory, identifying the deep structure and surface structure, analyzing movement objectives, movement traces, and movement consequences by utilizing the subjacency condition theory. The results showed that the characteristics of the argument bar movement in the relative clauses generated by 92% of BIPA students were in the form of short movements and did not exceed one bounding node. Based on the Indonesian language rules, most of the relative clauses produced by BIPA students were appropriate (75%). It shows that BIPA students have fully understood the relative clause structure.

Extra Burden on Urology Outdoor Due to Non Urology Flank Pain

Background: Flank pain is one of common urological emergency. It can be result of various causes. Most commonly results from one of three causes: urinary tract infection (UTI), kidney stones, and musculoskeletal problems like a muscle strain or pinched nerve. Objective: Determine frequency of none urological flank pain burden in urology outdoors. Methods: This was prospective descriptive case study conducted at department of urology and transplantation at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center Karachi from September 2020 to December 2020. All patients with flank pain, who visited in urology outdoor, were included in study. All patients had detailed history and physical examination. Urinalysis and ultrasound abdomen were done in all patients. CT KUB was also done in patients who had abnormal ultrasound finding of kidney ureter and bladder. Results: Total 100 patients were included in this study, 41 (41%) male while 59 (59%) patients were females. 45 patients had right sided pain, 34 had left sided while remaining 21 patients had bilateral flank pain and six patients had also lower urinary tract symptoms along with pain. 13 patients had positive renal punch on examination, 23 patients had positive straight leg rising sign and rest of the 64 patients’ examination was unremarkable. 55 patients had urology related pathology on ultrasound, in 9 patients had non urological pathology and rest 36 patients it was unremarkable. CT KUB was done in all 55 patients who had positive findings on ultrasound showing pathology in kidney and ureter in which 47 patients CT scan had confirmed the diagnosis while in 8 patients it was in remarkable. Conclusion: flank pain is not always secondary to renal origin. It has wide spectrum of alternative significant causes also. Keywords: Flank pain, none urological, CT KUB

Penerapan Tindakan Kompres Hangat Dalam Menurunkan Skala Nyeri Pada Penderita Gout Arthritis

Gouty Arthritis is a disease associated with an inborn errors of purine matabolism. Gout Arthritis occurs due to a buildup of uric acid that exceeds the normal limit in the joints. This can cause pain in gouty arthritis sufferers so giving warm compresses is necessary for gouty arthritis sufferers. This study was a descriptive case study aiming to describe the application of warm compresses in reducing pain scale in patirnts with Gouty Arthritis. A client assessment form, observation sheets, pain scales, WWZ (Warm Water Zak), and uric acid measurement kid were the instuments being used to collect data. The findings showed that there was a decrease in the pain scale in patiens with Gouty Arthritis. In case I, there was a decrease of pain scale from 5 to 2; meanwhile, in case II the pain scale decreased from 6 to 3. The conclusion from this study was that the application of warm compress therapy with WWZ (Warm Water Zak) could reduce the pain scale. Thus, patients of Gouty Arthritis are suggested to apply warm compress therapy with WWZ (Warm Water Zak) to reduce the pain because of the disease.Keywords: Warm compress, pain, gouty arthritis AbstrakGout Arthritis merupakan hasil metabolisme atau pecahan purin dari makanan yang tinggi purin. Gout Arthritis terjadi karena penumpukan asam urat yang melebihi batas normal dipersendian. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan nyeri pada penderita gout arthritis sehingga pemberian kompres hangat sangat diperlukan untuk penderita gout arthritis. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penerapan tindakan kompres hangat dalam menurunkan skala nyeri pada penderita Gout Arthtitis. Metode studi kasus ini menggunakan studi kasus deskriptif. Instrumen studi kasus ini dengan menggunakan format pengkajian klien, lembar observasi, skala nyeri, WWZ (Warm Water Zak) dan alat ukur untuk mengukur kadar asam urat. Hasil studi kasus ini menunjukkan ada penurunan skala nyeri pada penderita Gout Arthritis pada kasus I terjadi penurunan skala nyeri awal 5 turun menjadi 2 sedangkan pada kasus II skala nyeri awal 6 turun menjadi 3. Simpulan dari studi kasus ini bahwa terapi kompres hangat dengan WWZ (Warm Water Zak) dapat menurunkan skala nyeri. Saran bagi klien yang mengalami Gout Arthritis agar dapat mengontrol dengan menggunakan terapi kompres hangat menggunakan WWZ (Warm Water Zak) secara mandiri.Kata kunci: Kompres hangat, nyeri, gout arthritis

Penerapan Fisioterapi Dada dan Batuk Efektif Terhadap Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Nafas Pada Pasien Tuberculosis Paru

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial infection by the bacillus Myobacterium tuberculosis. This disease causes the patient to cough with phlegm or coghing up blood, shortness of breath, chest pain, night sweats and decreased appetite. The purpose of this scientific paper is ti describe nursing care for pulmonary tuberculosis patients with ineffective airway clearance problems. This research uses a descriptive case study method with the subject of two pulmonary tuberculosis patients who experience ineffective airway clearance problems in Pelutan Pemalang Village. The chest physiotherapy and effetive coughing actions were carried out for three days, twice a day, morning and evening. The results showed that the effective chest physiotherapy and coughing were able to overcome the ineffectiveness of airway clearance. Therefore, it can be concluded that the effective chest and cough physiotherapy is considered effective against ineffective airway clearance in pulmonary tuberculosis patients. For this reason, nurses are expected to be able to provide effective chest and cough physiotherapy therapy to help overcome the ineffectiveness of airway clearance in pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Keywords: Effective Cough and Chest Physiotherapy, Ineffective Airway Clearing AbstrakTuberculosis paru merupakan penyakit infeksi bakteri menahun yang disebabkan oleh basil myobacterium tuberculosis. Penyakit ini menyebabkan pasien batuk disertai dahak atau batuk berdarah, sesak nafas, nyeri pada daerah dada, keringat pada malam hari dan penurunan nafsu makan. Tujuan dari Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini untuk menggambarkan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien tuberculosis paru dengan masalah ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas. Rancangan Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini menggunakan metode studi kasus deskriptif dengan subjek dua pasien tuberculosis paru yang mengalami masalah ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas di Kelurahan Pelutan Pemalang, dilakukan tindakan fisioterapi dada dan batuk efektif dilakukan selama tiga hari dikerjakan dua kali sehari pagi dan sore. Hasil pemberian fisioterapi dada dan batuk efektif berhasil mampu mengatasi ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas. Kesimpulan : fisioterapi dada dan batuk efektif dinilai efektif terhadap ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas pada pasien tuberculosis paru. Untuk itu diharapkan perawat dapat memberikan terapi fisioterapi dada dan batuk efektif untuk membantu mengatasi ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan nafas pada pasien tuberculosis paru.Kata kunci: Fisioterapi Dada dan Batuk Efektif, Ketidakefektifan Bersihan Jalan Nafas

ESTUDO DE CASO DE UMA PACIENTE COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA, COM BASE NO PRONTUÁRIO ODONTOLÓGICO DA FAESA

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) are complex disorders that involve a patient's neurological development. They are characterized by changes in social interaction, language and motricity, as well as stereotypical and repetitive behaviors. Patients may also present hypersensitivity to loud noises and bright lights. To answer specific anamnesis for patients with ASD, also taking into account patients' information that don't fit in Kanner's classic description. The chosen method was the Descriptive Case Study model, established through filling a specific anamnesis directed at a patient with ASD. The Odontological Medical Record of the clinic at FAESA was the basis for the data collection. It was not possible to answer many of the questions in the anamnesis from the data available on the medical records. Most of the questions were answered through previous contact with the patient. Other questions could not be answered by any means. A specific anamnesis for ASD patients should be included during treatment at FAESA's clinics for Patients with Special Needs. Treatment of patients with autism is still a great challenge for dental surgeons, since it requires knowledge of the problem and specific, objective techniques to cause the least possible trauma.

Unpacking the Role of Neoliberalism on the Politics of Poverty Reduction Policies in Ontario, Canada: A Descriptive Case Study and Critical Analysis

This paper employs a descriptive case study method to analyze and critically review the emergence of the provincial poverty reduction strategy in Ontario, Canada which was implemented in 2008 and renewed in 2014. The purpose of this study is two-fold: first, it defines the principles of neoliberalism and explores the historical growth of neoliberal thought in Canada, and specifically within Ontario, beginning in the 1980s to the present-day. Drawing on a combination of primary, secondary and grey literature, this paper discusses the ways in which neoliberal ideologies and rhetoric became deeply rooted in political thought and discourse within the province. Employing a critical theory framework, the paper highlights the contrasting ways in which neoliberal values were adopted by the different political parties in power and the detrimental impact this espousal had on individuals living in poverty within Ontario. Second, the paper illustrates the powerful ways in which anti-poverty grassroots movements and social advocacy groups assembled to push for the creation of a provincial poverty reduction strategy. The analysis ends with a critique of the neoliberal influences on the strategy’s recommendations and the future outlook of the poverty reduction strategy based on the current political climate within the province.

21st CENTURY IN GERMAN LANGUAGE LEARNING : IMPLEMENTATION OF CYBERGOGY CONCEPT

As a place for learning activities, educational institutions must adapt to the times to not be viewed as a threat in the current era of education 4.0. Along with 21st-century learning needs to foster students' creative, innovative and competitive attitudes by implementing technology as an auxiliary medium in the learning process to produce quality students. This research is a descriptive case study to explore the application of the cybergogy concept about facing the challenges of learning in the 21st-century, especially in lecturing German in the courses offered by students. The sample in this study were students in semesters II, IV, and VI of the German Language Education Study Program, with 35 students. The instruments used in this study were questionnaires, interviews, and document review. Data from questionnaires, discussions and document reviews were analyzed using descriptive statistics referring to the Milles and Huberman stages. The results showed that the concept of cybergogy had been applying 30% synchronously and 70% asynchronously. On average, 93-94% of students and lecturers have used technology-based media in the German language learning process because of the availability of teaching materials and supporting facilities for information and communication technology to face 21st-century learning.

How tourist information drives promotional efforts: A case study of the Greater Miami Convention & Visitors Bureau

This paper aims to analyze how tourist information generated by market research drives destination management and marketing organizations’ promotional efforts, expanding research about tourist information and the destination management and marketing organization's (DMMO) role. The focus is on describing the Greater Miami Convention & Visitors Bureau's (GMCVB) marketing management that defines Miami/FL as a tourist destination. In this descriptive case study, the authors conducted bibliographic and documentary research and semi-structured interviews with the GMCVB. The results demonstrate the influence of information on the GMCVB's marketing management through four topics: Miami's image, the GMCVB's corporate structure, some GMCVB's initiatives, and the marketing campaigns. In conclusion, the study suggests that data collection through market research should be destination management and marketing organizations’ primary concern since information is the asset that will guide all their functions, strategies, and activities.