Granulocyte Macrophage—Colony Stimulating Factor and Oral Mucositis

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 517-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey M Fung ◽  
Mary J Ferrill
Keyword(s):  
Oral Mucositis ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of granulocyte macrophage—colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in patients with oral mucositis. DATA SOURCES: Literature was accessed through MEDLINE (1966–June 2000) and bibliographic searches. DATA SYNTHESIS: Published literature assessing the use of GM-CSF to treat or prevent oral mucositis was analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Reports of GM-CSF improving mucositis have been published; however, because of limitations in these reports, insufficient evidence confirms the benefits of GM-CSF. These preliminary studies provide a rationale to conduct well-designed, double-blind, randomized trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of GM-CSF in the treatment and/or prevention of oral mucositis induced by chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.

scholarly journals A Double-blind, Randomized Trial to Evaluate Miltefosine and Topical Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor in the Treatment of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania braziliensis in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo R L Machado ◽  
Fernanda V O Prates ◽  
Viviane Boaventura ◽  
Tainã Lago ◽  
Luiz H Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Healing Time ◽  
Leishmania Braziliensis ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

Abstract Background The treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Brazil using pentavalent antimony (Sbv) is associated with a high rate of failure. Miltefosine has proven efficacy for CL caused by L. braziliensis, with a cure rate (CR) of 75%. A combined treatment with granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and miltefosine could increase CR and decrease healing time. Methods A randomized, double-blind clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of miltefosine combined with topical GM-CSF (M + GM) vs miltefosine and placebo (M + P) vs Sbv in 133 patients with CL caused by L. braziliensis in Bahia, Brazil. Results The final CR at 180 days after the initiation of treatment was 44.4% in the Sbv group, 76.6% in the M + P group (P = .003 vs Sbv), and 75.6% in the M + GM group (P = .004 vs Sbv). The median healing time for cure was 102 days for the Sbv group and 60 days for both miltefosine groups (P = .0009). During the 6-month follow-up period, 4 relapses were documented: 1 in the Sbv group, 1 in the M + P group, and 2 in the M + GM group. Mild adverse events occurred in 65% of patients from the Sbv group, 76% and 79% from the M + P and M + GM groups respectively. Conclusions Miltefosine is more effective than Sbv for the treatment of CL caused by L. braziliensis in Brazil and accelerates the healing time. Association with GM-CSF does not improve therapeutic outcome. Clinical Trials Registration NCT03023111.

scholarly journals MOR103, a human monoclonal antibody to granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor, in the treatment of patients with moderate rheumatoid arthritis: results of a phase Ib/IIa randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 1058-1064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Behrens ◽  
Paul P Tak ◽  
Mikkel Østergaard ◽  
Rumen Stoilov ◽  
Piotr Wiland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Human Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Placebo ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

ObjectivesTo determine the safety, tolerability and signs of efficacy of MOR103, a human monoclonal antibody to granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsPatients with active, moderate RA were enrolled in a randomised, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation trial of intravenous MOR103 (0.3, 1.0 or 1.5 mg/kg) once a week for 4 weeks, with follow-up to 16 weeks. The primary outcome was safety.ResultsOf the 96 randomised and treated subjects, 85 completed the trial (n=27, 24, 22 and 23 for pooled placebo and MOR103 0.3, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg, respectively). Treatment emergent adverse events (AEs) in the MOR103 groups were mild or moderate in intensity and generally reported at frequencies similar to those in the placebo group. The most common AE was nasopharyngitis. In two cases, AEs were classified as serious because of hospitalisation: paronychia in a placebo subject and pleurisy in a MOR103 0.3 mg/kg subject. Both patients recovered fully. In exploratory efficacy analyses, subjects in the MOR103 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg groups showed significant improvements in Disease Activity Score-28 scores and joint counts and significantly higher European League Against Rheumatism response rates than subjects receiving placebo. MOR103 1.0 mg/kg was associated with the largest reductions in disease activity parameters.ConclusionsMOR103 was well tolerated and showed preliminary evidence of efficacy in patients with active RA. The data support further investigation of this monoclonal antibody to GM-CSF in RA patients and potentially in those with other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.Trial registration numberNCT01023256

Effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients after cisplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin chemotherapy.

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2620-2628 ◽  
Author(s):  
K H Chi ◽  
C H Chen ◽  
W K Chan ◽  
K C Chow ◽  
S Y Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Oral Mucositis ◽  
Radiation Therapy Oncology Group ◽  
Period Effect ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Functional Scores ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

PURPOSE To evaluate prospectively the efficacy of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in the reduction of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty patients with stage IV squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck were studied. Two-cycles (periods) of identical doses of cisplatin, fluorouracil (5-FU), and leucovorin (PFL) chemotherapy with cisplatin 20 mg/m2/d, 5-FU 800 mg/m2/d, leucovorin 90 mg/m2/d by 96-hour continuous intravenous infusion every 3 weeks were given to each patient. After PFL chemotherapy, GM-CSF 4 micrograms/kg subcutaneously from days 5 to 14 or no therapy was given by a randomized self-controlled crossover study design. Oral mucositis was graded with modified Radiation Therapy Oncology Group criteria. RESULTS In the first cycle of PFL chemotherapy, GM-CSF significantly reduced the incidence, mean duration, and mean area under the curve (AUC) of severe oral gross mucositis (grade > or = 3) compared with no therapy. These beneficial effects continued into the second cycle of PFL chemotherapy after crossover to no GM-CSF. The incidence of severe mucositis was reduced when GM-CSF was given in the second cycle of PFL. Analysis of variance indicated significant direct GM-CSF treatment effects on the mean AUC of gross/functional scores and duration of moderate gross mucositis (grade > or = 2) over both periods. There was a significant period effect in favor of giving GM-CSF in the first cycle of chemotherapy. CONCLUSION GM-CSF can significantly reduce the severity and duration of chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis after PFL chemotherapy.

Effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor on oral mucositis after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation.

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1917-1922 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Gordon ◽  
A Spadinger ◽  
E Hodges ◽  
E Ruby ◽  
R Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ◽  
Oral Mucositis ◽  
Airway Compromise ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

PURPOSE Oral mucositis following high-dose chemotherapy may result in systemic infection and airway compromise, and the severity of oral mucositis may be dose-limiting. Here we investigate the effect of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), which significantly shortens duration of neutropenia after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) on oral mucositis. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirteen children undergoing HSCT were prepared with etoposide (VP-16), thiotepa (TT), and total-body irradiation (TBI), and 13 with VP-16, TT, and cyclophosphamide (CPM). Following transplantation, 14 patients received GM-CSF at a dose of 125 micrograms/m2/d by continuous intravenous infusion (six prepared with VP-16, TT, and TBI, and eight prepared with VP-16, TT, and CPM), and 12 patients received no growth factor. RESULTS Mucositis was more severe and persisted longer in patients prepared with the TBI-containing regimen. For this regimen, the duration of severe oral mucositis was shortened by the administration of GM-CSF, although the severity of mucositis was unaffected. No statistically significant effect of GM-CSF could be shown in patients who received VP-16, TT, and CPM. The incidence of positive fungal oral or blood cultures did not appear different whether patients received GM-CSF or not. CONCLUSION For patients undergoing stomatotoxic HSCT regimens, GM-CSF may reduce the duration of oral mucositis, but is unlikely to effect the severity of oral mucositis or risk of airway compromise, and the severity of mucositis is likely to remain dose-limiting.

scholarly journals Cholesterol loading suppresses the atheroinflammatory gene polarization of human macrophages induced by colony stimulating factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jani Lappalainen ◽  
Nicolas Yeung ◽  
Su D. Nguyen ◽  
Matti Jauhiainen ◽  
Petri T. Kovanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Foam Cells ◽  
Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Human Macrophages ◽  
Gm Csf ◽  
Macrophage Subpopulations ◽  
Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor ◽  
Macrophage Colony ◽  
Stimulating Factor

AbstractIn atherosclerotic lesions, blood-derived monocytes differentiate into distinct macrophage subpopulations, and further into cholesterol-filled foam cells under a complex milieu of cytokines, which also contains macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and granulocyte–macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Here we generated human macrophages in the presence of either M-CSF or GM-CSF to obtain M-MØ and GM-MØ, respectively. The macrophages were converted into cholesterol-loaded foam cells by incubating them with acetyl-LDL, and their atheroinflammatory gene expression profiles were then assessed. Compared with GM-MØ, the M-MØ expressed higher levels of CD36, SRA1, and ACAT1, and also exhibited a greater ability to take up acetyl-LDL, esterify cholesterol, and become converted to foam cells. M-MØ foam cells expressed higher levels of ABCA1 and ABCG1, and, correspondingly, exhibited higher rates of cholesterol efflux to apoA-I and HDL2. Cholesterol loading of M-MØ strongly suppressed the high baseline expression of CCL2, whereas in GM-MØ the low baseline expression CCL2 remained unchanged during cholesterol loading. The expression of TNFA, IL1B, and CXCL8 were reduced in LPS-activated macrophage foam cells of either subtype. In summary, cholesterol loading converged the CSF-dependent expression of key genes related to intracellular cholesterol balance and inflammation. These findings suggest that transformation of CSF-polarized macrophages into foam cells may reduce their atheroinflammatory potential in atherogenesis.

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