Secondary transfer effects from imagined contact: Group similarity affects the generalization gradient

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake Harwood ◽  
Stefania Paolini ◽  
Nick Joyce ◽  
Mark Rubin ◽  
Analisa Arroyo
Keyword(s):  
Generalization Gradient ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Contact Group ◽  
Secondary Transfer ◽  
Imagined Contact ◽  
Group Similarity

Secondary Transfer Effect of Contact

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Pettigrew
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Transfer Effect ◽  
Evaluative Conditioning ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Secondary Transfer ◽  
Primary Reduction

This paper reviews the evidence for a secondary transfer effect of intergroup contact. Following a contact’s typical primary reduction in prejudice toward the outgroup involved in the contact, this effect involves a further, secondary reduction in prejudice toward noninvolved outgroups. Employing longitudinal German probability samples, we found that significant secondary transfer effects of intergroup contact exist, but they were limited to specific outgroups that are similar to the contacted outgroup in perceived stereotypes, status or stigma. Since the contact-prejudice link is bidirectional, the effect is inflated when prior prejudice reducing contact is not controlled. The strongest evidence derives from experimental research. Both cognitive (dissonance) and affective (evaluative conditioning) explanations for the effect are offered.

Secondary Transfer Effects of Intergroup Contact

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Schmid ◽  
Miles Hewstone ◽  
Beate Küpper ◽  
Andreas Zick ◽  
Ulrich Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Secondary Transfer

scholarly journals Secondary transfer effects of intergroup contact: Alternative accounts and underlying processes.

2010 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Tausch ◽  
Miles Hewstone ◽  
Jared B. Kenworthy ◽  
Charis Psaltis ◽  
Katharina Schmid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Secondary Transfer ◽  
Underlying Processes

scholarly journals On the Generalization of Intergroup Contact: A Taxonomy of Transfer Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-435
Author(s):  
Rose Meleady ◽  
Richard J. Crisp ◽  
Gordon Hodson ◽  
Megan Earle
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Contact Process ◽  
Semantic Distance ◽  
Transfer Effect ◽  
Cognitive Growth ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Secondary Transfer ◽  
Favorable Conditions

The contact hypothesis proposes that bringing groups together under favorable conditions can improve intergroup relations. It is now well established that intergroup contact can improve attitudes not only toward the out-group as a whole but also toward other, noncontacted groups ( secondary transfer effect). We review evidence of a further, higher-order generalization effect whereby intergroup contact also impacts more general cognitive processes outside of the intergroup context (i.e., tertiary transfer effects). We present a taxonomy of transfer effects that explains these generalization effects as distinct outcomes of the contact process yet contingent on the same component process, specifically, the assessment of the semantic distance between the target (e.g., contacted individual) and the frame (e.g., group prototype). This conceptualization provides an explanatory framework for uniting the disparate forms of transfer effect in the contact literature, clarifying why primary and secondary transfer effects are facilitated by low semantic distance and why contact is more cognitively demanding under conditions of high semantic distance, but with greater potential for cognitive growth.

Pattern of Near Transfer Effects Following Working Memory Training With a Dual N-Back Task

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Soveri ◽  
Eric P. A. Karlsson ◽  
Otto Waris ◽  
Petra Grönholm-Nyman ◽  
Matti Laine
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Memory Training ◽  
Interference Control ◽  
Transfer Effects ◽  
Near Transfer ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Transfer Tasks ◽  
Back Task

Abstract. In a randomized controlled trial, we investigated the pattern of near transfer effects of working memory (WM) training with an adaptive auditory-visuospatial dual n-back training task in healthy young adults. The results revealed significant task-specific transfer to an untrained single n-back task, and more general near transfer to a WM updating composite score plus a nearly significant effect on a composite score measuring interference control in WM. No transfer effects were seen on Active or Passive WM composites. The results are discussed in the light of cognitive versus strategy-related overlap between training and transfer tasks.

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