Geographic and Ecological Variation in Seedling Growth Rates of Sand Pine (Pinus clausa)

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28
Author(s):  
Albert J. Parker ◽  
Kathleen C. Parker ◽  
Deanna H. McCay
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Ecological Variation ◽  
Sand Pine ◽  
Pinus Clausa

Sand Pine Performance on South Carolina Sandhills

1981 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Henry McNab ◽  
Allen R. Carter
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Ice Storms ◽  
Sand Pine ◽  
Pinus Clausa

Abstract Fifteen plantations of sand pine (Pinus clausa var. clausa (Chapm.) Vasey; P. clausa var. immuginata D. B. Ward) in the sandhills of South Carolina were examined. Stands ranged from 3 to 16 years of age, and sand depth ranged from 3.5 to more than 9 feet. Most stands were adequately stocked with more than 400 trees/acre. At this density, an average 14-year-old stand of sand pine produced an annual increment in excess of 60 ft³/acre of wood, which was approximately twice that of other commonly planted species. There were no serious problems from insects or diseases, and ice storms had not caused noticeable damage in the stands that were sampled.

EDAPHIC PROPERTIES AND FOLIAR ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATIONS FROM SAND PINE (PINUS CLAUSA) POPULATIONS THROUGHOUT FLORIDA

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana K. Evans ◽  
Albert J. Parker ◽  
Kathleen C. Parker ◽  
David S. Leigh
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
Edaphic Properties ◽  
Sand Pine ◽  
Pinus Clausa

Dormancy, germination and seedling growth of two Kalaharian perennials of the genus Harpagophytum (Pedaliaceae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. O. Ernst ◽  
T. Tietema ◽  
E. M. Veenendaal ◽  
R. Masene
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Drought Avoidance

ABSTRACTDormancy and germination ecology of two Harpagophytum species (Pedaliaceae) from an open Acacia savanna in Botswana were investigated. The maintenance of dormancy is governed partly by the seed coat but mainly by the endosperm and the embryo itself, as demonstrated by removal of the endosperm. Dissemination of the seed from the fruit can be delayed for several years without affecting the viability of the embryo, due to very low respiration rates.Germination can be enhanced slightly by high temperatures under natural conditions, and by gibberellic acid or removal of the endosperm under laboratory conditions. Relative growth rates for both Harpagophytum species are lower than for subtropical grasses and legumes, due to a strong investment in root and tuber biomass. Germination and seedling growth is discussed in relation to the drought avoidance syndrome and the animal disperser syndrome.

A study of phosphorus nutrition and water supply on the early growth and survival of buffel grass grown on a sandy red earth from south-west Queensland

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (73) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
EK Christie
Keyword(s):  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Root Penetration ◽  
Buffel Grass ◽  
Phosphorus Absorption ◽  
South West ◽  
Red Earth ◽  
Drought Survival ◽  
Phosphorus Application

The influence of phosphorus application on the growth and drought survival of buffel grass on a sandy red earth in south west Queensland was studied in a series of pot experiments. An omission nutrient trial showed phosphorus was the principal nutrient limiting seedling growth, the severity of the deficiency increasing with time. A further pot experiment showed that at rates greater than 24 kg P ha-1 luxury consumption occurred. The critical phosphorus concentration for the plant was estimated to be 0.26 per cent. The available (0.01 NH2SO4 extractable) soil phosphorus concentration corresponding to this critical tissue concentration was 25 p.p.m. Beyond the 2-leaf seedling stage, the seedling depended increasingly on external phosphorus for growth. Under conditions of phosphorus deficiency, phosphorus absorption rates were insufficient to maintain tissue phosphorus at the concentrations necessary for healthy growth, and relative growth rates were low. In the presence of phosphorus, absorption and growth rates increased. Maturity of phosphorus deficient plants was characteristically delayed but with little yield loss. The addition of phosphorus increased seedling growth rate, root development and drought survival. The depth of root penetration is considered to be the major factor responsible for survival.

Biology of Fire Ephemerals of the Sandplains of the Kwongan of South-Western Australia

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 641 ◽  
Author(s):  
JS Pate ◽  
NE Casson ◽  
J Rullo ◽  
J Kuo
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic

The growth, longevity, mineral relationships and reproductive biology of 18 species of fire ephemerals were examined in sclerophyllous shrubland, located mainly within the Jurien : Badgingarra region of the Northern Sandplains of the kwongan of SW. Australia. Ten of the species were monocarpic, completing their life cycle within the 6-8 month winter growing season after a summer or autumn fire. The remaining species were polycarpic, commencing reproduction in their second season and surviving and reproducing for a further two to eight seasons (depending on species). Detailed study was made of growth and dry matter allocation in the dioecious, sexually dimorphic, polycarpic species Tersonia brevipes (Gyrostemonaceae). Monocarpic species tended to produce smaller seeds, and exhibited greater seed output per unit biomass and higher harvest indices for dry matter and minerals than polycarpic species. Certain monocarpic species showed great plasticity in final dry weight, e.g. a 2700-fold difference between largest and smallest individuals in a sample of 250 plants of Stipa elegantissima (Poaceae), and a 180-fold range in a similarly sized sample of Macarthuria apetala (Aizoaceae). The fire ephemerals studied generally exhibited faster seedling growth rates, greater concentrations of P and N (but not of Ca, Mg and K) in seedling dry matter, but usually lesser concentrations of P and N (but not of Ca, Mg and K) in seed dry matter than in cohabiting obligate seeder or sprouter species with potential life spans exceeding 15 years. The above-mentioned features of fire ephemerals are suggested to be of special adaptive significance within the context of exploitation of transiently non-limiting habitat resources immediately following fire.

scholarly journals Nutrient deposition enhances post-fire survival in non-N-fixing savanna tree seedlings

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varun Varma ◽  
Mahesh Sankaran
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Tropical Dry Forest ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Dry Forest ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Tree Seedling ◽  
Nutrient Deposition

AbstractNutrient deposition can modify plant growth rates and potentially alter the susceptibility of plants to disturbance events, while also influencing properties of disturbance regimes. In mixed tree-grass ecosystems, such as savannas and tropical dry forests, tree seedling growth rates strongly influence the ability of seedlings to survive fire (i.e. post-fire seedling survival), and hence, vegetation structure and tree community composition. However the effects of nutrient deposition on the susceptibility of recruiting trees to fire are poorly quantified. In a field experiment, seedlings of multiple N-fixing and non-N-fixing tropical dry forest tree species were exposed to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilisation, and fire. We quantified nutrient-mediated changes in a) mean seedling growth rates; b) growth rates of the fastest growing individuals and c) post-fire seedling survival. N-fixers had substantially higher baseline post-fire seedling survival, that was unaffected by nutrient addition. Fertilisation, especially with N, increased post-fire survival probabilities in non-N-fixers by increasing the growth rates of the fastest growing individuals. These results suggest that fertilisation can lead to an increase in the relative abundance of non-N-fixers in the resprout community, and thereby, alter the community composition of tropical savanna and dry forest tree communities in the long-term.

scholarly journals Effects of Permanent and Temporary Edges on Pinus clausa (sand pine) Architecture and Stand Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin Brownell Smith ◽  
Francis Putz
Keyword(s):  
Edge Effects ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Canopy Tree ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
North And South ◽  
Stand Conditions ◽  
Sand Pine ◽  
Pinus Clausa

Effects of permanent (i.e., maintained) and temporary edges with north- and south-facing exposures were studied in sand pine (Pinus clausa var. clausa) scrub, an open-canopied forest type in Ocala National Forest, Florida. On edges and interiors of four stands of each type, we measured canopy tree architecture in 5 x 100 m plots and stand density and basal area in 5 x 200 m plots. Edge effects were modest but often stronger on south- than north-facing edges and along permanent forest roads than temporary edges of clearcuts that were allowed to regrow. Compared to interior trees, those on edges were typically shorter, retained branches lower on their boles, oriented their first branches more towards the edge, and produced more asymmetrical crowns with the long axis extending into the opening; these trends were greater on south- than north-facing edges and along permanent than temporary edges. Contrary to expectations, there were no edge effects on total basal area, dead tree densities, proportions of sand pine trees with leaning trunks, directions of lean, or angles of lean. Instead of an edge effect, most trees leaned southwesterly, which seems related to the northeastern origin of prevailing winds and wind gusts.

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