Fringe direction weighted autofocusing algorithm for gear tooth flank form deviation measurement based on interferogram

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Wang ◽  
Matt Zhu ◽  
Ke Kou ◽  
Jianning Liu ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Deviation Measurement ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Form Deviation

Laser Holographic Measurement of Tooth Flank Form of Cylindrical Involute Gear: Part 2 — For Helical Gear Tooth

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Fujio ◽  
A. Kubo ◽  
S. Tochimoto ◽  
H. Hanaki ◽  
S. Saitoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Helical Gear ◽  
Helical Gears ◽  
Error Surface ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Form Deviation ◽  
Laser Holography ◽  
Holographic Measurement

Abstract The interferometry using laser holography is applied to measure the form deviation of tooth flank of involute helical gears. One problem of this method is that the increase of helix angle reduces the region of the flank to which the laser beam can irradiate at a same time. To solve this problem, following method is developed: The objective tooth flank is divided into some regions, and the interferometry measurement is worked out for each region. The measured values for the form deviation of each region of the tooth flank are transformed to the values on the plane of action of this gear. These values for each region of the tooth flank are then concatenated successively until they result the curved surface for the form deviation of the whole tooth flank of the helical gear. The error surface of the tooth flank of helical gear obtained by this procedure is compared with that of conventional measuring method using contacting stylus.

Laser Holographic Measurement of Tooth Flank Form of Cylindrical Involute Gear: Part 1 — Principle and Measurement of Spur Gear

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kubo ◽  
H. Fujio ◽  
S. Tochimoto ◽  
T. Honda ◽  
S. Saitoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interference Fringe ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Phase Stepping ◽  
Phase Stepping Method ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Form Deviation ◽  
Holographic Measurement

Abstract Form deviation of tooth flank of spur gear is measured by laser holographic interferometer. To get the reflected ray from the objective tooth flank, laser beam is irradiated with large incident angle to the objective tooth flank which has considerably rough surface finish in comparison with that of optical parts. Some tooth flanks with various kinds of form deviation were measured, and image patterns of interference fringe were obtained. The conversion of the coordinates of the image figure of the gear tooth flank on CRT to the coordinate system of the gear is worked out by fitting the contour form of simulated figure to that of observed images. The algorithm of transformation from interference fringe pattern to tooth flank form deviation is shown: The brightness of the interference fringe image on the CRT is converted to the amplitude of form deviation defined on the plane of action of the gear via phase difference of light beam which is obtained by phase stepping method. The form deviations of tooth flanks of spur gear obtained by this interference method were compared with the results of conventional measuring method using contacting stylus.

Evaluation of Pitch Deviations with Comprehensive Representation Suitable for Engagement Evaluation in Different Types of Gears

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syuhei Kurokawa ◽  
◽  
Yasutsune Ariura ◽  
Toshiro Doi
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Length Unit ◽  
Helical Gears ◽  
Pitch Error ◽  
Surface Deviations ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Pitch Deviation ◽  
Form Deviation ◽  
Flank Surface ◽  
Gear Engagement

Gear tooth flank deviations should be characterized to evaluate individual gear accuracy directly linked to gear performance during engagement. The comprehensive pitch deviation representation we propose is calculated using multiple tooth flank surface deviations as 0-order form deviations. In this representation, pitch error is expressed by angle unit, not by length unit, and calculated from measured conventional deviation (profiles and leads) withoutmeasuring pitch deviation. For spur and helical gears, pitch deviation is expressed by a single length unit and also by a single angle unit. On the other hand, for bevel gear flank, pitch deviation expressed by length unit consists of many different values even on a single flank. Using the angle unit expression, form deviation is described exactly by a single parameter. The comprehensive representation we propose overcomes the disadvantages of conventional pitch deviation evaluation, going right to the point of gear engagement evaluation.

Surface fitting of an involute spur gear tooth flank roughness measurement to its nominal shape

Measurement ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Brandão ◽  
Jorge H.O. Seabra ◽  
Manuel J.D. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Surface Fitting ◽  
Roughness Measurement ◽  
Tooth Flank

Generation of the Anti-Twist Crowned Helical Gear by Modifying the Gear Rotation Angle in the Hobbing Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Ruei Hung Hsu ◽  
Yu Ren Wu ◽  
Shih Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Helical Gear ◽  
Gear Hobbing ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Center Distance

In the gear-hobbing process, the work gear tooth flank is usually longitudinally crowned by varying the center distance between the hob and the work gear. Without crossed angle compensation, however, this center distance variation produces a twisted tooth flank on the work gear. This paper therefore proposes a methodology to reduce this tooth flank twist and achieve anti-twist in longitudinal crowning by modifying the gear rotation angle in the hobbing process which is practiced using a CNC hobbing machine with three synchronous axes.

A parameterized numerical method for generating discrete helical gear tooth surface allowing non-standard geometry

2008 ◽  
Vol 222 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hedlund ◽  
A Lehtovaara
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Helical Gear ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Tool Profile ◽  
Standard Geometry ◽  
Gear Manufacturing ◽  
Involute Gears ◽  
Gear Geometry ◽  
Tooth Flank

Gear analysis is typically performed using calculation based on gear standards. Standards provide a good basis in gear geometry calculation for involute gears, but these are unsatisfactory for handling geometry deviations such as tooth flank modifications. The efficient utilization of finite-element calculation also requires the geometry generation to be parameterized. A parameterized numerical approach was developed to create discrete helical gear geometry and contact line by simulating the gear manufacturing, i.e. the hobbing process. This method is based on coordinate transformations and a wide set of numerical calculation points and their synchronization, which permits deviations from common involute geometry. As an example, the model is applied to protuberance tool profile and grinding with tip relief. A fairly low number of calculation points are needed to create tooth flank profiles where error is <1 μm.

Advanced Design and Manufacture of Face-Hobbed Spiral Bevel Gears

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Simon
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Mutual Position ◽  
Spiral Bevel Gears ◽  
Bevel Gears ◽  
Pinion Gear ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Spiral Bevel ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Crown Gear

The design and advanced manufacture of face-hobbed spiral bevel gears on computer numerical control (CNC) hypoid generating machines is presented. The concept of face-hobbed bevel gear generation by an imaginary generating crown gear is established. In order to reduce the sensitivity of the gear pair to errors in tooth-surfaces and to the mutual position of the mating members, modifications are introduced into the teeth of both members. The lengthwise crowning of teeth is achieved by applying a slightly bigger lengthwise tooth flank curvature of the crown gear generating the concave side of pinion/gear tooth-surfaces, and/or by using tilt angle of the head-cutter in the manufacture of pinion/gear teeth. The tooth profile modification is introduced by the circular profile of the cutting edge of head-cutter blades. An algorithm is developed for the execution of motions on the CNC hypoid generating machine using the relations on the cradle-type machine. The algorithm is based on the condition that since the tool is a rotary surface and the pinion/gear blank is also related to a rotary surface, it is necessary to ensure the same relative position of the head cutter and the pinion on both machines.

Influence of Housing Stiffness of the Slewing Reducer of a Tower Crane on the Load Distribution Pattern over the Gear Tooth Flank

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 2171-2181
Author(s):  
Young-Jun Park ◽  
Seung-Je Cho ◽  
Woo-Jin Chung ◽  
Jooseon Oh ◽  
Sang-Dae Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Load Distribution ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tower Crane ◽  
Tooth Flank
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