Surface fitting of an involute spur gear tooth flank roughness measurement to its nominal shape

Measurement ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
José A. Brandão ◽  
Jorge H.O. Seabra ◽  
Manuel J.D. Castro
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Surface Fitting ◽  
Roughness Measurement ◽  
Tooth Flank

Effect of Involute Tip Relief on Dynamic Response of Spur Gear Pairs

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kahraman ◽  
G. W. Blankenship
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Torsional Vibration ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Forced Response ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Tooth Flank

The influence of gear tooth flank modifications in the form of linear involute tip relief on the torsional vibration behavior of a spur gear pair is investigated by using an experimental test stand. Measured dynamic transmission error (DTE) values are compared and a family of forced response curves is presented. Guidelines for the design of quiet spur gear sets are also given.

Laser Holographic Measurement of Tooth Flank Form of Cylindrical Involute Gear: Part 1 — Principle and Measurement of Spur Gear

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kubo ◽  
H. Fujio ◽  
S. Tochimoto ◽  
T. Honda ◽  
S. Saitoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interference Fringe ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Measuring Method ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Phase Stepping ◽  
Phase Stepping Method ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Form Deviation ◽  
Holographic Measurement

Abstract Form deviation of tooth flank of spur gear is measured by laser holographic interferometer. To get the reflected ray from the objective tooth flank, laser beam is irradiated with large incident angle to the objective tooth flank which has considerably rough surface finish in comparison with that of optical parts. Some tooth flanks with various kinds of form deviation were measured, and image patterns of interference fringe were obtained. The conversion of the coordinates of the image figure of the gear tooth flank on CRT to the coordinate system of the gear is worked out by fitting the contour form of simulated figure to that of observed images. The algorithm of transformation from interference fringe pattern to tooth flank form deviation is shown: The brightness of the interference fringe image on the CRT is converted to the amplitude of form deviation defined on the plane of action of the gear via phase difference of light beam which is obtained by phase stepping method. The form deviations of tooth flanks of spur gear obtained by this interference method were compared with the results of conventional measuring method using contacting stylus.

Modeling of surface roughness in a novel magnetorheological gear profile finishing process

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622097826
Author(s):  
Ravi Datt Yadav ◽  
Anant Kumar Singh ◽  
Kunal Arora
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Gear Profile

Fine finishing of spur gears reduces the vibrations and noise and upsurges the service life of two mating gears. A new magnetorheological gear profile finishing (MRGPF) process is utilized for the fine finishing of spur gear teeth profile surfaces. In the present study, the development of a theoretical mathematical model for the prediction of change in surface roughness during the MRGPF process is done. The present MRGPF is a controllable process with the magnitude of the magnetic field, therefore, the effect of magnetic flux density (MFD) on the gear tooth profile has been analyzed using an analytical approach. Theoretically calculated MFD is validated experimentally and with the finite element analysis. To understand the finishing process mechanism, the different forces acting on the gear surface has been investigated. For the validation of the present roughness model, three sets of finishing cycle experimentations have been performed on the spur gear profile by the MRGPF process. The surface roughness of the spur gear tooth surface after experimentation was measured using Mitutoyo SJ-400 surftest and is equated with the values of theoretically calculated surface roughness. The results show the close agreement which ranges from −7.69% to 2.85% for the same number of finishing cycles. To study the surface characteristics of the finished spur gear tooth profile surface, scanning electron microscopy is used. The present developed theoretical model for surface roughness during the MRGPF process predicts the finishing performance with cycle time, improvement in the surface quality, and functional application of the gears.

Generation of the Anti-Twist Crowned Helical Gear by Modifying the Gear Rotation Angle in the Hobbing Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 749 ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Ruei Hung Hsu ◽  
Yu Ren Wu ◽  
Shih Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Helical Gear ◽  
Gear Hobbing ◽  
Tooth Flank ◽  
Center Distance

In the gear-hobbing process, the work gear tooth flank is usually longitudinally crowned by varying the center distance between the hob and the work gear. Without crossed angle compensation, however, this center distance variation produces a twisted tooth flank on the work gear. This paper therefore proposes a methodology to reduce this tooth flank twist and achieve anti-twist in longitudinal crowning by modifying the gear rotation angle in the hobbing process which is practiced using a CNC hobbing machine with three synchronous axes.

A parameterized numerical method for generating discrete helical gear tooth surface allowing non-standard geometry

2008 ◽  
Vol 222 (6) ◽  
pp. 1033-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Hedlund ◽  
A Lehtovaara
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Numerical Approach ◽  
Helical Gear ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Tool Profile ◽  
Standard Geometry ◽  
Gear Manufacturing ◽  
Involute Gears ◽  
Gear Geometry ◽  
Tooth Flank

Gear analysis is typically performed using calculation based on gear standards. Standards provide a good basis in gear geometry calculation for involute gears, but these are unsatisfactory for handling geometry deviations such as tooth flank modifications. The efficient utilization of finite-element calculation also requires the geometry generation to be parameterized. A parameterized numerical approach was developed to create discrete helical gear geometry and contact line by simulating the gear manufacturing, i.e. the hobbing process. This method is based on coordinate transformations and a wide set of numerical calculation points and their synchronization, which permits deviations from common involute geometry. As an example, the model is applied to protuberance tool profile and grinding with tip relief. A fairly low number of calculation points are needed to create tooth flank profiles where error is <1 μm.

scholarly journals A Method of Selecting Grid Size to Account for Hertz Deformation in Finite Element Analysis of Spur Gears

1982 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Coy ◽  
C. Hu-Chih Chao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Grid Size ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Element Size ◽  
Full Effect ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis

A method of selecting grid size for the finite element analysis of gear tooth deflection is presented. The method is based on a finite element study of two cylinders in line contact, where the criterion for establishing element size was that there be agreement with the classic Hertzian solution for deflection. Many previous finite element studies of gear tooth deflection have not included the full effect of the Hertzian deflection. The present results are applied to calculate deflection for the gear specimen used in the NASA spur gear test rig. Comparisons are made between the present results and the results of two other methods of calculation. The results have application in design of gear tooth profile modifications to reduce noise and dynamic loads.

Evaluation of Mechanical and Thermal Stresses in Polymer Gear Teeth through Simulation Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 302 ◽  
pp. 468-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Lindholm ◽  
Jian Qin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermal Stresses ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Gear Wheel ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Gear Mesh ◽  
Tensional Stress

One way to achieve lightweight and lubricant-free drive train is, among others, to convert conventional steel to polymer composite materials. This paper describes a part of this endeavor by taking a spur gear pair as a study object. One of the steel gear wheel is replaced with three different materials including Victrex PEEK 650G, Victrex PEEK 650CA30 and Luvocom PEEK 1105-8165 while keeping the gear geometry unchanged. Mechanical stresses and thermal properties are two major criteria for material selection at this stage. Therefore carbon fiber filled PEEK (Victrex PEEK 650CA30) and PEEK filled with thermal conductive minerals (Luvocom 1105-8165) are chosen to benchmark each of the criterion. The evaluation is done by modeling the gear mesh and analyzing the contact forces and heat generated in the gear tooth. The results show surface temperature on the tooth flanks, root tensional stress and contact pressure during the tooth mesh. The work suggests a guideline of materials selection. Depending on actual application a compromisation between mechanical and thermal properties often needs to be considered within the tolerance boundary in order to obtain optimized results. This work only deals with material selection. Gear design such as optimization of tooth geometry for polymer gears is out of the scope of this study and will not be discussed.

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