scholarly journals Phylodynamics on local sexual contact networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e1005448 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Rasmussen ◽  
Roger Kouyos ◽  
Huldrych F. Günthard ◽  
Tanja Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Contact Networks

scholarly journals Assessment of Overlap of Phylogenetic Transmission Clusters and Communities in Simple Sexual Contact Networks: Applications to HIV-1

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. e0148459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luc Villandre ◽  
David A. Stephens ◽  
Aurelie Labbe ◽  
Huldrych F. Günthard ◽  
Roger Kouyos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Contact Networks ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Asymmetric percolation drives a double transition in sexual contact networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (34) ◽  
pp. 8969-8973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Allard ◽  
Benjamin M. Althouse ◽  
Samuel V. Scarpino ◽  
Laurent Hébert-Dufresne
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Description ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Random Networks ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Percolation Process ◽  
Contact Networks ◽  
Double Transition ◽  
Sexual Contacts ◽  
Males And Females

Zika virus (ZIKV) exhibits unique transmission dynamics in that it is concurrently spread by a mosquito vector and through sexual contact. Due to the highly asymmetric durations of infectiousness between males and females—it is estimated that males are infectious for periods up to 10 times longer than females—we show that this sexual component of ZIKV transmission behaves akin to an asymmetric percolation process on the network of sexual contacts. We exactly solve the properties of this asymmetric percolation on random sexual contact networks and show that this process exhibits two epidemic transitions corresponding to a core–periphery structure. This structure is not present in the underlying contact networks, which are not distinguishable from random networks, and emerges because of the asymmetric percolation. We provide an exact analytical description of this double transition and discuss the implications of our results in the context of ZIKV epidemics. Most importantly, our study suggests a bias in our current ZIKV surveillance, because the community most at risk is also one of the least likely to get tested.

scholarly journals Phylodynamics on local sexual contact networks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Rasmussen ◽  
Roger Kouyos ◽  
Huldrych F. Günthard ◽  
Tanja Stadler
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Contact Network ◽  
Underlying Structure ◽  
Contact Networks ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
Infectious Disease Epidemiology ◽  
The Status ◽  
Pathogen Populations ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPhylodynamic models are widely used in infectious disease epidemiology to infer the dynamics and structure of pathogen populations. However, these models generally assume that individual hosts contact one another at random, ignoring the fact that many pathogens spread through highly structured contact networks. We present a new framework for phylodynamics on local contact networks based on pairwise epidemiological models that track the status of pairs of nodes in the network rather than just individuals. Shifting our focus from individuals to pairs leads naturally to coalescent models that describe how lineages move through networks and the rate at which lineages coalesce. These pairwise coalescent models not only consider how network structure directly shapes pathogen phylogenies, but also how the relationship between phylogenies and contact networks changes depending on epidemic dynamics and the fraction of infected hosts sampled. By considering pathogen phylogenies in a probabilistic framework, these coalescent models can also be used to estimate the statistical properties of contact networks directly from phylogenies using likelihood-based inference. We use this framework to explore how much information phylogenies retain about the underlying structure of contact networks and to infer the structure of a sexual contact network underlying a large HIV-1 sub-epidemic in Switzerland.

scholarly journals Double asymmetric percolation drives a quadruple transition in sexual contact networks

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongyu Zheng ◽  
Xiangrui Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Graph Structure ◽  
Mosquito Vectors ◽  
Percolation Process ◽  
Contact Networks ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Scale Free Networks ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Asymmetric Factor ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractSince 2007, ZIKV outbreaks have been occurring around the world. While ZIKV is mainly spread by mosquito vectors, transmission via sex activities enables the virus to spread in regions without mosquito vectors. Modeling the patterns of ZIKV outbreak in these regions remain challenging. We consider age as an asymmetric factor in transmitting ZIKV, in addition to gender as seen in previous literature, and modify the graph structure for better modeling of such patterns. We derived our results by both solving the underlying differential equations and simulation on population graph. Based on a double asymmetric percolation process on sexual contact networks. we discovered a quadruple ZIKV epidemic transition. Moreover, we explored the double asymmetric percolation on scale-free networks. Our work provides more insight into the ZIKV transmission dynamics through sexual contact networks, which may potentially provide better public health control and prevention means in a ZIKV outbreak.

scholarly journals How the Dynamics and Structure of Sexual Contact Networks Shape Pathogen Phylogenies

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e1003105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Robinson ◽  
Nick Fyson ◽  
Ted Cohen ◽  
Christophe Fraser ◽  
Caroline Colijn
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Contact Networks

scholarly journals The dynamics of sexual contact networks: Effects on disease spread and control

2012 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katy Robinson ◽  
Ted Cohen ◽  
Caroline Colijn
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Contact Networks ◽  
And Control

Ultrastructural Studies on Genital Infection with the Chlamydial Agent of Guinea Pig Inclusion Conjunctivitis

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
A. L. Barron ◽  
H. J. White ◽  
R. G. Rank
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Chlamydia Psittaci ◽  
Genital Infection ◽  
Major Site ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Tissue Specimens ◽  
Guinea Pig Model ◽  
Adequate Tissue ◽  
Genital Tissue

Chlamydial organisms (specifically C. trachomatis) have been implicated as a frequent cause of genital infection in the human (1). Study of the histo- pathological aspects of such infections has been impeded because of difficulties in obtaining adequate tissue specimens and the lack of a suitable experimental host. In 1964, Murray (2) isolated the causative agent of guinea pig inclusion conjunctivitis which possesses similarities to human inclusion conjunctivitis. This guinea pig organism was found to be a member of the Chlamydia psittaci subgroup and was designated as the Gp-ic agent. Male guinea pigs have been successfully infected with Gp-ic by intraurethral inoculation. Transmission of the infection to the female by sexual contact has been demonstrated (3). We are not aware of any ultrastructural studies to date concerning the development of this agent in genital tissue.Studies in our laboratory have established that, in our guinea pig model, the cervix is the major site of injection.

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