scholarly journals Retinal Vascular Fractal Dimension, Childhood IQ, and Cognitive Ability in Old Age: The Lothian Birth Cohort Study 1936

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0121119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele M. Taylor ◽  
Thomas J. MacGillivray ◽  
Ross D. Henderson ◽  
Lasma Ilzina ◽  
Baljean Dhillon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort

scholarly journals Longitudinal Associations Between Loneliness and Cognitive Ability in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1376-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A Okely ◽  
Ian J Deary
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Visuospatial Ability ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort ◽  
Longitudinal Associations ◽  
Reciprocal Associations

Abstract Objectives Loneliness is associated with poorer cognitive function in old age; however, the direction of this association is unknown. We tested for reciprocal associations between loneliness and the cognitive ability domains of processing speed, visuospatial ability, verbal memory, and crystallized ability. Method We used three triennial waves of longitudinal data from the Lothian Birth Cohort Study 1936, and tested for cross-lagged associations between loneliness and cognitive abilities using cross-lagged panel models. Results Better processing speed, visuospatial ability, or crystallized ability at age 73, was associated with less positive changes in loneliness between ages 73 and 76; however, these associations were not replicated between ages 76 and 79. Loneliness at ages 73 and 76 did not predict subsequent changes in cognitive abilities. Discussion Our findings indicate an association between cognitive ability and loneliness, such that individuals with lower cognitive abilities at age 73 may be at a slightly higher risk of becoming lonely. However, we did not find support for the hypothesis that loneliness causes a decline in cognitive health.

scholarly journals Cognitive ability in childhood and cognitive decline in mid-life: longitudinal birth cohort study

BMJ ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 328 (7439) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Richards ◽  
Beverly Shipley ◽  
Rebecca Fuhrer ◽  
Michael E J Wadsworth
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Birth Cohort Study

The association between cognitive ability across the lifespan and health literacy in old age: The Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

Intelligence ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 178-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Murray ◽  
Wendy Johnson ◽  
Michael S. Wolf ◽  
Ian J. Deary
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort

scholarly journals Developmental factors associated with decline in grip strength from midlife to old age: a British birth cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. e025755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Kuh ◽  
Rebecca Hardy ◽  
Joanna M Blodgett ◽  
Rachel Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Developmental Factors

ObjectivesTo test whether developmental factors are associated with grip strength trajectories between 53 and 69 years, and operate independently or on the same pathway/s as adult factors.DesignBritish birth cohort study.SettingEngland, Scotland and Wales.Participants3058 men and women.Main outcome measuresGrip strength (kg) at ages 53, 60–64 and 69 were analysed using multilevel models to estimate associations with developmental factors (birth weight, growth parameters, motor and cognitive development) and father’s social class, and investigate adult factors that could explain observed associations, testing for age and sex interactions.ResultsIn men, heavier birth weight, beginning to walk ‘on time’, later puberty and greater weight 0–26 years and in women, heavier birth weight and earlier age at first standing were independently associated with stronger grip but not with its decline. The slower decline in grip strength (by 0.07 kg/year, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.11 per 1 SD, p=0.003) in men of higher cognitive ability was attenuated by adjusting for adult verbal memory.ConclusionsPatterns of growth and motor development have persisting associations with grip strength between midlife and old age. The strengthening associations with cognition suggest that, at older ages, grip strength increasingly reflects neural ageing processes. Interventions across life that promote muscle development or maintain muscle strength should increase the chance of an independent old age.

Serum cholesterol and cognitive functions: the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janie Corley ◽  
John M. Starr ◽  
Ian J. Deary
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort ◽  
Statin Use

ABSTRACTBackground:We examined the associations between serum cholesterol measures, statin use, and cognitive function measured in childhood and in old age. The possibility that lifelong (trait) cognitive ability accounts for any cross-sectional associations between cholesterol and cognitive performance in older age, seen in observational studies, has not been tested to date.Methods:Participants were 1,043 men and women from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 Study, most of whom had participated in a nationwide IQ-type test in childhood (Scottish Mental Survey of 1947), and were followed up at about age 70 years. Serum cholesterol measures included total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, and cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratio. Cognitive outcome measures were age 70 IQ (using the same test as at age 11 years), general cognitive ability (g), processing speed, memory, and verbal ability.Results:Higher TC, higher HDL-C, and lower triglycerides were associated with higher age 70 cognitive scores in most cognitive domains. These relationships were no longer significant after covarying for childhood IQ, with the exception a markedly attenuated association between TC and processing speed, and triglycerides and age 70 IQ. In the fully adjusted model, all conventionally significant (p < 0.05) effects were removed. Childhood IQ predicted statin use in old age. Statin users had lower g, processing speed, and verbal ability scores at age 70 years after covarying for childhood IQ, but significance was lost after adjusting for TC levels.Conclusions:These results suggest that serum cholesterol and cognitive function are associated in older age via the lifelong stable trait of intelligence. Potential mechanisms, including lifestyle factors, are discussed.

scholarly journals Infant and childhood growth and frailty in old age: the Helsinki Birth Cohort Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Haapanen ◽  
M. M. Perälä ◽  
C. Osmond ◽  
M. K. Salonen ◽  
E. Kajantie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Childhood Growth

scholarly journals Socioeconomic position across life and body composition in early old age: findings from a British birth cohort study

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Bann ◽  
Rachel Cooper ◽  
Andrew K Wills ◽  
Judith Adams ◽  
Diana Kuh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Socioeconomic Position ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Early Old Age

scholarly journals Role of cognitive ability in the association between functional health literacy and mortality in the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936: a prospective cohort study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. e022502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Fawns-Ritchie ◽  
John M Starr ◽  
Ian J Deary
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Functional Health ◽  
Functional Health Literacy ◽  
Fluid Type ◽  
Lothian Birth Cohort

ObjectivesWe investigated the role that childhood and old age cognitive ability play in the association between functional health literacy and mortality.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingThis study used data from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936 (LBC1936) study, which recruited participants living in the Lothian region of Scotland when aged 70 years, most of whom had completed an intelligence test at age 11 years.Participants795 members of the LBC1936 with scores on tests of functional health literacy and cognitive ability in childhood and older adulthood.Primary and secondary outcome measuresParticipants were followed up for 8 years to determine mortality. Time to death in days was used as the primary outcome measure.ResultsUsing Cox regression, higher functional health literacy was associated with lower risk of mortality adjusting for age and sex, using the Shortened Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98), the Newest Vital Sign (HR 0.88, 95% CI 0.80 to 0.97) and a functional health literacy composite measure (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), but not the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.90 to 1.01). Adjusting for childhood intelligence did not change these associations. When additionally adjusting for fluid-type cognitive ability in older age, associations between functional health literacy and mortality were attenuated and non-significant.ConclusionsCurrent fluid ability, but not childhood intelligence, attenuated the association between functional health literacy and mortality. Functional health literacy measures may, in part, assess fluid-type cognitive abilities, and this may account for the association between functional health literacy and mortality.

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