scholarly journals The Effect of Nitrogen Deposition on Plant Performance and Community Structure: Is It Life Stage Specific?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. e0156685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise M. Tulloss ◽  
Mary L. Cadenasso
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Plant Performance

scholarly journals The plant circadian clock influences rhizosphere community structure and function

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charley J. Hubbard ◽  
Marcus T. Brock ◽  
Linda T.A. van Diepen ◽  
Loïs Maignien ◽  
Brent E. Ewers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Night Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Rhizosphere Community

AbstractPlants alter chemical and physical properties of soil, and thereby influence rhizosphere microbial community structure. The structure of microbial communities may in turn affect plant performance. Yet, outside of simple systems with pairwise interacting partners, the plant genetic pathways that influence microbial community structure remain largely unknown, as are the performance feedbacks of microbial communities selected by the host plant genotype. We investigated the role of the plant circadian clock in shaping rhizosphere community structure and function. We performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing to characterize rhizosphere bacterial communities of Arabidopsis thaliana between day and night time points, and tested for differences in community structure between wild-type (Ws) vs. clock mutant (toc1-21, ztl-30) genotypes. We then characterized microbial community function, by growing wild-type plants in soils with an overstory history of Ws, toc1-21 or ztl-30 and measuring plant performance. We observed that rhizosphere community structure varied between day and night time points, and clock misfunction significantly altered rhizosphere communities. Finally, wild-type plants germinated earlier and were larger when inoculated with soils having an overstory history of wild-type in comparison to clock mutant genotypes. Our findings suggest the circadian clock of the plant host influences rhizosphere community structure and function.

scholarly journals Responses of community structure and diversity to nitrogen deposition and rainfall addition in contrasting steppes are ecosystem-dependent and dwarfed by year-to-year community dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuejun Yang ◽  
Zhenying Huang ◽  
Ming Dong ◽  
Xuehua Ye ◽  
Guofang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Global Change ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Desert Steppe ◽  
Typical Steppe

Abstract Background and Aims Long-term studies to disentangle the multiple, simultaneous effects of global change on community dynamics are a high research priority to forecast future distribution of diversity. Seldom are such multiple effects of global change studied across different ecosystems. Methods Here we manipulated nitrogen deposition and rainfall at levels realistic for future environmental scenarios in three contrasting steppe types in Mongolia and followed community dynamics for 7 years. Key Results Redundancy analyses showed that community composition varied significantly among years. Rainfall and nitrogen manipulations did have some significant effects, but these effects were dependent on the type of response and varied between ecosystems. Community compositions of desert and meadow steppes, but not that of typical steppe, responded significantly to rainfall addition. Only community composition of meadow steppe responded significantly to nitrogen deposition. Species richness in desert steppe responded significantly to rainfall addition, but the other two steppes did not. Typical steppe showed significant negative response of species richness to nitrogen deposition, but the other two steppes did not. There were significant interactions between year and nitrogen deposition in desert steppe and between year and rainfall addition in typical steppe, suggesting that the effect of the treatments depends on the particular year considered. Conclusions Our multi-year experiment thus suggests that responses of community structure and diversity to global change drivers are ecosystem-dependent and that their responses to experimental treatments are dwarfed by the year-to-year community dynamics. Therefore, our results point to the importance of taking annual environmental variability into account for understanding and predicting the specific responses of different ecosystems to multiple global change drivers.

scholarly journals Empirically modelling the potential effects of changes in temperature and prey availability on the growth of cod larvae in UK shelf seas

2008 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 1559-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie G. Pitois ◽  
Clive J. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Atlantic Cod ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Species Abundance ◽  
Zooplankton Community ◽  
Zooplankton Community Structure ◽  
Shelf Seas

Abstract Pitois, S. G., and Fox, C. J. 2008. Empirically modelling the potential effects of changes in temperature and prey availability on the growth of cod larvae in UK shelf seas. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 65: 1559–1572. It has been hypothesized that changes in zooplankton community structure over the past four decades led to reduced growth and survival of prerecruit Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) and that this was a key factor underlying poor year classes, contributing to stock collapse, and inhibiting the recovery of stocks around the UK. To evaluate whether observed changes in plankton abundance, species composition and temperature could have led to periods of poorer growth of cod larvae, we explored the effect of prey availability and temperature on early larval growth using an empirical trophodynamic model. Prey availability was parameterized using species abundance data from the Continuous Plankton Recorder. Our model suggests that the observed changes in plankton community structure in the North Sea may have had less impact on cod larval growth, at least for the first 40 days following hatching, than previously suggested. At least in the short term, environmental and prey conditions should be able to sustain growth of cod larvae and environmental changes acting on this early life stage should not limit stock recovery.

scholarly journals Interactive Effects of Scion and Rootstock Genotypes on the Root Microbiome of Grapevines (Vitis spp. L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1615
Author(s):  
Stefanie Nicoline Vink ◽  
Francisco Dini-Andreote ◽  
Rebecca Höfle ◽  
Anna Kicherer ◽  
Joana Falcão Salles
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Community Diversity ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Bacterial Indicator ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Functional Implications ◽  
Rhizosphere Community

Diversity and community structure of soil microorganisms are increasingly recognized as important contributors to sustainable agriculture and plant health. In viticulture, grapevine scion cultivars are grafted onto rootstocks to reduce the incidence of the grapevine pest phylloxera. However, it is unknown to what extent this practice influences root-associated microbial communities. A field survey of bacteria in soil surrounding the roots (rhizosphere) of 4 cultivars × 4 rootstock combinations was conducted to determine whether rootstock and cultivar genotypes are important drivers of rhizosphere community diversity and composition. Differences in α-diversity was highly dependent on rootstock–cultivar combinations, while bacterial community structure primarily clustered according to cultivar differences, followed by differences in rootstocks. Twenty-four bacterial indicator genera were significantly more abundant in one or more cultivars, while only thirteen were found to be specifically associated with one or more rootstock genotypes, but there was little overlap between cultivar and rootstock indicator genera. Bacterial diversity in grafted grapevines was affected by both cultivar and rootstock identity, but this effect was dependent on which diversity measure was being examined (i.e., α- or β-diversity) and specific rootstock–cultivar combinations. These findings could have functional implications, for instance, if specific combinations varied in their ability to attract beneficial microbial taxa which can control pathogens and/or assist plant performance.

scholarly journals Diversity and community structure of ericoid mycorrhizal fungi in European bogs and heathlands across a gradient of nitrogen deposition

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (5) ◽  
pp. 1640-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Van Geel ◽  
Hans Jacquemyn ◽  
Gerrit Peeters ◽  
Kasper Acker ◽  
Olivier Honnay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Ericoid Mycorrhizal Fungi

scholarly journals Fungal community structure and function shifts with atmospheric nitrogen deposition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica A. M. Moore ◽  
Mark A. Anthony ◽  
Gregory J. Pec ◽  
Lidia K. Trocha ◽  
Artur Trzebny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Atmospheric Nitrogen ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
And Function

The importance of considering origin in effects of nitrogen deposition on plant performance and competitive ability

2015 ◽  
Vol 401 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin V. Wedlich ◽  
Philippine Vergeer ◽  
Mike R. Ashmore ◽  
Leon L. J. van den Berg
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Plant Performance

scholarly journals Mycorrhizal symbiosis changes host nitrogen source use

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Savolainen ◽  
Minna-Maarit Kytöviita
Keyword(s):  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Plant Competition ◽  
Niche Partitioning ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
N Nutrition ◽  
N Source ◽  
Source Use

Abstract Purpose The ecological importance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in plant acquisition of inorganic and organic sources of nitrogen (N) is not clear. To improve understanding of the plant N nutrition ecology, we tested the effect of intraspecific competition and AMF in plant N source use in growth and N acquisition. Methods Solidago virgaurea was grown in microcosms in a fully factorial experiment under greenhouse conditions. The factors tested were intraspecific competition between seedlings and adult plants (yes, no), N source (NH4, glycine) and AMF (inoculated with Glomus hoi, not inoculated). Results When grown separately, non-mycorrhizal seedling growth was highest when grown with ammonium, but non-mycorrhizal adults grew best with glycine as the sole N source. Mycorrhizal symbiosis with Glomus hoi evened out this initial niche partitioning in terms of differences in N source use and all mycorrhizal plants grew best with ammonium. Competition shaped plant benefit from mycorrhizal symbiosis depending on the N source. Competition reduced mycorrhizal growth benefit in glycine-grown seedlings, but not in adults. Plant performance did not show uniform relationship with δ15N, but δ15N was affected by life stage, competition and mycorrhiza. Conclusions Plant competition and AMF shape plant N source use. Plant and AMF benefit of the symbiosis depend on the N source.

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