scholarly journals Viruses in unexplained encephalitis cases in American black bears (Ursus americanus)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244056
Author(s):  
Charles E. Alex ◽  
Elizabeth Fahsbender ◽  
Eda Altan ◽  
Robert Bildfell ◽  
Peregrine Wolff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Infections ◽  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears ◽  
Possible Cause

Viral infections were investigated in American black bears (Ursus americanus) from Nevada and northern California with and without idiopathic encephalitis. Metagenomics analyses of tissue pools revealed novel viruses in the genera Circoviridae, Parvoviridae, Anelloviridae, Polyomaviridae, and Papillomaviridae. The circovirus and parvovirus were of particular interest due to their potential importance as pathogens. We characterized the genomes of these viruses and subsequently screened bears by PCR to determine their prevalence. The circovirus (Ursus americanus circovirus, UaCV) was detected at a high prevalence (10/16, 67%), and the chaphamaparvovirus (Ursus americanus parvovirus, UaPV) was found in a single bear. We showed that UaCV is present in liver, spleen/lymph node, and brain tissue of selected cases by in situ hybridization (ISH) and PCR. Infections were detected in cases of idiopathic encephalitis and in cases without inflammatory brain lesions. Infection status was not clearly correlated with disease, and the significance of these infections remains unclear. Given the known pathogenicity of a closely related mammalian circovirus, and the complex manifestations of circovirus-associated diseases, we suggest that UaCV warrants further study as a possible cause or contributor to disease in American black bears.

Sperm ultrastructure, morphometry, and abnormal morphology in American black bears (Ursus americanus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 74 (8) ◽  
pp. 1403-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.F.C. Brito ◽  
P.L. Sertich ◽  
G.B. Stull ◽  
W. Rives ◽  
M. Knobbe
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Sperm Ultrastructure ◽  
Abnormal Morphology ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears

LEPTOSPIROSIS IN URBAN AND SUBURBAN AMERICAN BLACK BEARS (URSUS AMERICANUS) IN WESTERN NORTH CAROLINA, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indrani Sasmal ◽  
Nicholas P. Gould ◽  
Krysten L. Schuler ◽  
Yung-Fu Chang ◽  
Anil Thachil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Western North Carolina ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears

COMPARISON OF ISOFLURANE GAS VERSUS A GUAIFENESIN, KETAMINE, AND MEDETOMIDINE CONSTANT-RATE INFUSION FOR MAINTENANCE ANESTHESIA IN AMERICAN BLACK BEARS (URSUS AMERICANUS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 570
Author(s):  
Jessica L. Siegal-Willott ◽  
Kendra L. Bauer ◽  
Lee-Ann C. Hayek ◽  
Nicole M. Luensman ◽  
Tangara N. Cross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Constant Rate Infusion ◽  
Constant Rate ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears ◽  
Rate Infusion

PHARMACOKINETICS OF A SINGLE DOSE OF FLURALANER ADMINISTERED ORALLY TO AMERICAN BLACK BEARS (URSUS AMERICANUS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peach Van Wick ◽  
Mark G. Papich ◽  
Brie Hashem ◽  
Ernesto Dominguez-Villegas
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears

Spring diet of American black bears (Ursus americanus) in a moose (Alces alces) – woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) system in northern Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 721-728
Author(s):  
A.A.D. McLaren ◽  
S.E. Jamieson ◽  
M. Bond ◽  
A.R. Rodgers ◽  
B.R. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Ursus Americanus ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
Black Bears ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Caribou ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
American Black ◽  
American Black Bears

American black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780) are opportunistic foragers, and across most of their range in North America, their diet is predominantly vegetation with limited consumption of vertebrates and invertebrates. However, they are also predators of ungulates, especially neonates, with regional variation in the amount of predation pressure they exert. We used scat analysis to examine the diet of black bears during the calving season in a moose (Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758)) – woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou (Gmelin, 1788)) system in the Boreal forest of northern Ontario, Canada. Bears consumed herbaceous plants (46.5%), fruits and (or) seeds (20.0%), moose (3.3% adults; 4.3% calves), American beaver (Castor canadensis Kuhl, 1820; 8.5%), and insects (mostly ants; 4.2%). Bears had the highest consumption of moose and beaver in early spring, before switching to a more vegetation-dominated diet. We did not detect evidence of caribou consumption. Based on our results, black bear consumption of moose, particularly neonates, may warrant further investigation.

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