scholarly journals Dating the megalithic culture of laos: Radiocarbon, optically stimulated luminescence and U/Pb zircon results

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247167
Author(s):  
Louise Shewan ◽  
Dougald O’Reilly ◽  
Richard Armstrong ◽  
Phillip Toms ◽  
John Webb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Skeletal Remains ◽  
Detrital Zircons ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Osl Dating ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Initial Placement ◽  
Archaeological Cultures

The megalithic jar sites of Laos (often referred to as the Plain of Jars) remain one of Southeast Asia’s most mysterious and least understood archaeological cultures. The sites, recently inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage, host hollowed stone jars, up to three metres in height, which appear scattered across the landscape, alone or clustered in groups of up to more than 400. Until now, it has not been possible to estimate when the jars were first placed on the landscape or from where the stone was sourced. Geochronological analysis using the age of detrital zircons demonstrates a likely quarry source for one of the largest megalithic jar sites. Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating suggests the jars were positioned at the sites potentially as early as the late second millennium BC. Radiocarbon dating of skeletal remains and charcoal samples places mortuary activity around the jars from the 9-13th century AD, suggesting the sites have maintained ritual significance from the period of their initial placement until historic times.

scholarly journals Comparative14C and OSL dating of loess-paleosol sequences to evaluate post-depositional contamination ofn-alkane biomarkers

2017 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zech ◽  
Sebastian Kreutzer ◽  
Roland Zech ◽  
Tomasz Goslar ◽  
Sascha Meszner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Lipid Biomarkers ◽  
Osl Dating ◽  
Mass Balance Calculation ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Isotope Mass Balance ◽  
Late Weichselian

AbstractThere is an ongoing controversial discussion as to whethern-alkane lipid biomarkers—and organic matter of loess in general—reflect a synsedimentary paleoenvironmental/climate signal or whether they are significantly affected by postdepositional “contamination,” for example related to root and rhizomicrobial activity. In order to address this issue at our study site (the Middle to Late Weichselian loess-paleosol sequence Gleina in Saxony, Germany), we determined and compared radiocarbon ages of bulkn-alkanes and sedimentation ages, as assessed by optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating. The bulkn-alkanes of the four dated samples yielded calibrated14C ages ranging from 24.1 to 49.7 cal ka BP (95.4% probability ranges). While the three uppermostn-alkane samples are well within the range or even slightly older than the OSL-inferred sedimentation ages, the lowermostn-alkane sample is slightly younger than the OSL ages. There is hence little or no evidence at our study site forn-alkanes in loess-paleosol sequences being significantly “contaminated” by deep subsoil rooting or microbial processes. We propose a14C isotope mass balance calculation for estimating such contaminations quantitatively. Radiocarbon dating of bulkn-alkanes might have great potential for Quaternary research, and we encourage further comparative14C and OSL studies.

scholarly journals The recent contribution of scientific techniques to the study of Nokalakevi in Samegrelo, Georgia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Paul Everill ◽  
Nikoloz Murgulia ◽  
Davit Lomitashvili ◽  
Ian Colvin ◽  
Besik Lortkipanidze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Optically Stimulated Luminescence ◽  
Osl Dating ◽  
Recent Contribution ◽  
Architectural Analysis ◽  
Relative Dating ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Site Chronology ◽  
First Time

Abstract The site of Nokalakevi, in western Georgia, has seen significant excavation since 1973, including, since 2001, a collaborative Anglo-Georgian project. However, the interpretation of the site has largely rested on architectural analysis of standing remains and the relative dating of deposits based on the study of ceramics. Since 2013, the Anglo-Georgian Expedition to Nokalakevi has collected a diverse dataset derived from multiple scientific techniques including optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating of ceramics, radiocarbon dating, δ13C and δ15N analysis and 87Sr/86Sr analysis. The full results of these analyses are reported here for the first time along with implications for the interpretation of the archaeology, which include greater detail in the site chronology but also indicators of diet and migration.

UNESCO World Heritage and Kosovo Towards a Tentative List for Kosovo

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Caroline Jaeger Klein
Keyword(s):  
World Heritage ◽  
Architectural Heritage ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Serbia And Montenegro

In 2015, Kosovo tried to join UNESCO and failed by three quotes. Is Kosovo ready for its UNESCO membership? At least for its national architectural heritage, this question is to answer with no. The intensively discussed issue of the medieval monuments of Kosovo inscribed as UNESCO World Heritage by Serbia and Montenegro before the declaration of independency in 2008 and their further management through Kosovo is just one aspect. More troubling is that the rather young state not yet could establish sufficient structures to gain a systematic inventory of its monuments, sites and historic ensembles, nor to extract a tentative list for UNESCO out of such an encompassing inventory. This article intends to clarify the definitions of World Heritage, the institutions and NGO’s involved, the mechanisms and philosophies behind. What is the urgent homework for Kosovo? Which national and international groups of experts Kosovo has to name and make responsible for the systemic inventory of its architectural heritage and for creating a tentative list? What is the role and importance of ICOMOS in that process? Which other stakeholders have to be Identified and educated towards that issue?</p><p>Based on such general considerations the author tries to design finally a preliminary tentative list for the architectural heritage of Kosovo. Hence, not the list itself is of importance but the discussion of the pro and contra arguments for single candidates.

Provincia di Belluno. Tracce di contemporaneità / Province of Belluno. Traces of contemporaneity

ARCHALP ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Francesca Bogo
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Regulatory Constraints ◽  
Landscape Quality ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
Contemporary Architecture ◽  
And Diffusion

The Province of Belluno is home of great human and landscape quality and of the beautiful Dolomites, UNESCO World Heritage. How experiences of contemporary architecture fit and how are promoted in this context? It can be said that contemporary architecture does not attract a big audience. This is despite the constant efforts by various bodies and associations to promote its diffusion and development through competitions, conferences, workshops and case studies. In the Belluno region, apart from the extraordinary extant historical heritage, there are widespread examples of new architecture known as “false alpine models” or architecture that has erroneously become typical of the Province’s image. This is the reason why this new architecture with its range of peculiarities is widely reiterated, from north to south of the area. Even though buildings of this type lack any real ties with history or tradition, they find widespread approval by institutions and commissions. They are the result of repetitive practices deriving from constraints imposed by local regulations and a limited aptitude in the use of contemporary language of architecture. Even if the barometer of the vitality of contemporary architecture in the region of Belluno is rather lukewarm, dampened by cultural resistance and by regulatory constraints affecting its growth and diffusion, there is no lack of experiences, initiatives and achievements. The latter is evidence of the fact that where research and the use of contemporary languages are accompanied by the opinions of enlightened patrons, good architecture is born, which find space in the arena of national and international architectural debate. Examples of good architecture, even though limited in number, are distributed across the Province and constitute heritage and the focus for promoting and consolidating the growth and dissemination of contemporary architecture throughout the area.

INHERITING THE CITY: HISTORIC URBAN LANDSCAPE OF GEORGE TOWN UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohayah Che Amat
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Landscape Values ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage Site ◽  
Community Evaluation ◽  
George Town

This research presents the value of historic urban landscape (HUL) elements in influencing the character of George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site (WHS), Penang, Malaysia. The values were perceived by the local community of different social-cultural groups that occupied the study area. The historic urban landscape elements constitute towards the protection of its townscape. The identification of the heritage elements influenced by the community interaction with their environment. This study also helps to define the character of a place, as well as reflecting its historical significance. The study adopted four techniques to gather both qualitative and quantitative data, including questionnaire survey, in-depth interview, visual survey and content analysis. In general, the local community has the capability in valuing the historic urban landscape values. The outcomes of their perceptions became the statement of the historic urban landscape values, which are expected to lead to the development of the areas. The community evaluation and perception can be expanded in implementing any development of the historic urban area by the authority.

The 1972 UNESCO World Heritage Convention

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Strecker
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Spatial Justice ◽  
Landscape Governance ◽  
World Heritage Convention ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
Conceptual Dependency ◽  
Landscape Protection

Chapter 5 analyses the evolving conception and protection of landscape in the World Heritage Convention. First, it traces the development of landscape protection from its early conceptual dependency on nature, to the incorporation of ‘cultural landscapes’ within the Convention’s scope in 1992. It then discusses the typology of cultural landscapes, issues of representativeness and the implications of the Word Heritage system for landscape protection globally, as well as locally. In this regard, a number of cases are analysed which, on the one hand, support the World Heritage Convention’s instrumental role in landscape governance, but which on the other, highlight the problems involved in ascribing World Heritage status to living landscapes from a spatial justice perspective.

scholarly journals The Wadden Sea as a National Park and UNESCO World Heritage Site: Students’ Word Associations with These Two Conservation Designations

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 8006
Author(s):  
Till Schmäing ◽  
Norbert Grotjohann
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Wadden Sea ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
World Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Word Associations ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Unesco World Heritage Site ◽  
Significant Difference

The Wadden Sea ecosystem is unique in many respects from a biological perspective. This is one reason why it is protected by national parks in Germany and by its designation as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In biology didactics, there are only a few studies that focus on the Wadden Sea. This work investigates students’ word associations with the two stimulus words “national park” and “UNESCO World Heritage Site”. The survey was conducted among students living directly at the Wadden Sea and among students from the inland. The analysis of the identified associations (n = 8345) was carried out within the framework of a quantitative content analysis to be able to present and discuss the results on a group level. A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups. Overall, results showed that the students made subject-related associations as well as a large number of associations to both stimulus words that could be judged as non-subject-related. In some cases, a connection with the region of residence could be found, but this was not generally the case. Even students’ immediate residential proximity to the Wadden Sea is no guarantee that they have knowledge of the two considered protection terms.

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