A systematic review and meta-analysis protocol on stunting and its determinants among school-age children (6-14years) in Ethiopia

Background In Ethiopia, stunting is a common public health problem among school-age children. Even though several studies were conducted in different parts of the country, the national pooled prevalence of stunting and its determinants not estimated. Therefore, this study intends to determine the pooled prevalence and determinants of stunting among school-age children in Ethiopia. Methods This review protocol is registered at PROSPERO with Registration number: CRD42020160625. Online databases (Medline, PubMed, Scopus, and Science direct), Google, Google Scholar, and other grey literature will be used to search articles until June 2020. The quality assessment will be performed using the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. The analysis will be organized and presented according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. The presence of heterogeneity among studies will be examined using a chi-squared test on Cochran’s Q statistic with a 5% level of statistical significance, subgroup analyses, and meta-regression will be performed to investigate sources of heterogeneity. To identify influential studies, sensitivity analysis will be conducted. Presence publication bias will be examined by observing funnel plots. The presence of a statistical association will be declared at a p-value <0.05 with the 95% CI. Discussion Stunting is a major public health problem in Ethiopia, which affects the health of children. So, designing and implementing different nutritional strategies and promoting healthcare services is extremely mandatory to overcome stunting problems in the country. To understand this, estimating the prevalence of stunting at the national level and determining the pertinent common determinants using high-level evidence is fairly imperative. Therefore, this study will offer a summarizing finding.

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Predictors of Stunting among School-Age Children in Northwestern Ethiopia

Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1155/2018/7521751 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Amare Lisanu Mazengia ◽

Gashaw Andargie Biks

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Family Size ◽

Health Problem ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

School Age Children ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Feeding Practice ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

School Age

Background. Stunting is a major public health problem in most developing countries, and it increases the risk of illness and death throughout childhood. It is also a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Most of the few studies done in Ethiopia were done in schools. However, the prevalence of stunting of school-age children at the community level is largely unknown. Objective. To assess prevalence and predictors of stunting among school-age children in Mecha District, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia. Methods. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from August 28, 2017, to October 10, 2017. Target population for the study was school-age children (children of age 5–15). A total of 802 children were included in the study. The multistage sampling procedure was applied. Data were collected through face-to-face interview using the structured questionnaire. Anthropometric measurement was performed and analyzed using ENA SMART software. Association was assessed using logistic regression (backward LR). Statistical significance was measured using adjusted odds ratio at 95% CI and P value less than 0.05. Results. About 37.9%, with 95% CI (34.6, 41.3), of children were stunted. The predictors of stunting were child age with AOR (95% CI) 1.4 (1.02, 1.91), family size with AOR (95% CI) 1.83 (1.21, 2.75), mother’s education with AOR (95% CI) 1.81 (1.01, 3.24), father’s occupation with AOR (95% CI) 5.23 (1.55, 17.64), and child’s immunization status with AOR (95% CI) 5.6 (2.90, 10.82). Conclusion. Stunting is still an important problem among children in the age of 5–15 years. Therefore, special attention should be given to child’s full immunization, limiting of family size, continued promotion of female education, and appropriate feeding practice of children depending on their age.

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Anemia of School-Age Children in Primary Schools in Southern China Should Be Paid More Attention despite the Significant Improvement at National Level: Based on Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance Data (2016–2017)

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13113705 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 3705

Author(s):

Shujuan Li ◽

Xue Cheng ◽

Dongmei Yu ◽

Liyun Zhao ◽

Hongyan Ren

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Problem ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Southern China ◽

National Level ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

School Age Children ◽

Nutrition And Health ◽

Significant Public Health Problem ◽

Significant Public Health

Globally, anemia among school-age children (SAC) remains a serious public health problem, impacting their growth, development, educational attainment and future learning potential. National and subnational anemia prevalence among SAC in China has not been assessed recently. Based on data from Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2016–2017), the current anemia status of SAC in primary schools in China was investigated. Anemia prevalence of SAC in primary schools in China was 4.4%, dropping 63.6% compared with that in 2002. Even though anemia was no longer a significant public health problem at the national level, there were significant spatial disparities of anemia prevalence in different areas: anemia prevalence in 63% of provinces of northern and eastern China has lowered to below 5%, while in provinces of southern China, it was still ranging from 5% to 11.0%, about 3 times of other areas. For those children in southern China, mother’s education level (OR = 1.24, p = 0.04) and father’s education level (OR = 1.27, p = 0.01) below senior high school, eating meat less than 3 times per week (OR = 1.18, p = 0.01) were risk factors of anemia. Older age (OR = 0.35–0.72, p < 0.01) was a protective factor. Targeted interventions should be taken to improve SAC anemia in Southern China, despite anemia of SAC in primary schools no longer being a significant public health problem.

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Urogenital schistosomiasis infection prevalence targets to determine elimination as a public health problem based on microhematuria prevalence in school-age children

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0009451 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. e0009451

Author(s):

Ryan E. Wiegand ◽

Fiona M. Fleming ◽

Anne Straily ◽

Susan P. Montgomery ◽

Sake J. de Vlas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Problem ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

School Age Children ◽

Infection Prevalence ◽

School Age ◽

Infection Level ◽

Preventive Chemotherapy ◽

Urogenital Schistosomiasis ◽

Morbidity Control

Background Recent research suggests that schistosomiasis targets for morbidity control and elimination as a public health problem could benefit from a reanalysis. These analyses would define evidence-based targets that control programs could use to confidently assert that they had controlled or eliminated schistosomiasis as a public health problem. We estimated how low Schistosoma haematobium infection levels diagnosed by urine filtration in school-age children should be decreased so that microhematuria prevalence was at, or below, a “background” level of morbidity. Methodology Data obtained from school-age children in Burkina Faso, Mali, Niger, Tanzania, and Zambia who participated in schistosomiasis monitoring and evaluation cohorts were reanalyzed before and after initiation of preventive chemotherapy. Bayesian models estimated the infection level prevalence probabilities associated with microhematuria thresholds ≤10%, 13%, or 15%. Principal findings An infection prevalence of 5% could be a sensible target for urogenital schistosomiasis morbidity control in children as microhematuria prevalence was highly likely to be below 10% in all surveys. Targets of 8% and 11% infection prevalence were highly likely to result in microhematuria levels less than 13% and 15%, respectively. By contrast, measuring heavy-intensity infections only achieves these thresholds at impractically low prevalence levels. Conclusions/Significance A target of 5%, 8%, or 11% urogenital schistosomiasis infection prevalence in school-age children could be used to determine whether a geographic area has controlled or eliminated schistosomiasis as a public health problem depending on the local background threshold of microhematuria.

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Prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection among children in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-302779/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Habtye Bisetegn ◽

Tegegne Eshetu ◽

Yonas Erkihun

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Professional Associations ◽

Medical Laboratory ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Google Search

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by mainly Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma hematobium. The disease is very common in Africa including Ethiopia. Schistosoma mansoni is a major public health problem in Ethiopia especially among children. This review is aimed to indicate the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni among children at national and regional level. Methods and material: The PRISMA guidelines were followed. Electronic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE and Google search were carried out using key terms. Articles published from the proceeding of professional associations such as Ethiopian medical laboratory association, Ethiopian public health association and annual national research conferences were searched to find eligible studies. Data was extracted independently by two investigators, and pooled using a random effects model. Data was extracted using Microsoft excel and final analyzed using STATA version 12. Quality of included studies was assessed using JBI quality assessment criteria. Result Over all 41 studies involving 15968 children were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection was 37.75% (95%CI:29.97–45.53). High heterogeneity was observed with I2 of 99.3%, p = 0.000. According to subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence was high in SNNPR (46.27%: 95%CI: 21.77–70.77) followed by Amhara region (41.9%: 95%CI: 28.45–54.54) Tigray region (38.14%: 95%CI:24.22–52.05) and Oromia region (26.54%: 95%CI: 16.89–36.20). Year from 2011 to 2015 contribute for the highest prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni among children (44.46% (95%:30.88–58.03). Conclusion This study revealed 37.75% Schistosoma mansoni infection among children. High prevalence of schistosomes among children highlights the importance of improving and implementing appropriate control strategies such as mass drug administration in Ethiopia.

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and predictors of anemia among children in Ethiopia

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v20i4.59 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Alemu Gebrie ◽

Animut Alebel

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Health Problem ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Rural Residence ◽

Low Literacy ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia ◽

Predictor Factors

Background: Anemia is a wide-spread public health problem characterized by a decrease in hemoglobin concentration and/ or red blood cell volume below an established cut-off value. In developing countries including Ethiopia, about half of children are estimated to be anemic. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the pooled prevalence of anemia and its predictor factors among children in Ethiopia. Method: The studies were identified through explicit and exhaustive search of reputable databases (PubMed, Google schol- ar, Science Direct, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and the hand search of reference lists of previous prevalence studies to retrieve more related articles. Thirty-nine studies were selected based on a comprehensive list of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were extracted using a standardized and pre-tested data extraction checklist, and the analysis was done using STATA 14 statistical software. To assess heterogeneity, the Cochrane Q test statistic and I2 tests were used. In our analysis, considerable heterogeneity was observed. Therefore, a random effect meta-analysis model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of anemia. Moreover, the predictor factors of anemia were examined. Results: The forest plot of 39 included studies revealed that the overall pooled prevalence of anemia among children in Ethiopia was 34.4% (95% CI: 29.1, 39.7%). Sub-group analysis showed that the highest anemia prevalence was observed in Somali Region with a prevalence of 49.4 % (95% CI: 20.9, 77.8). Also, anemia in children was found to be highest in the age group of less than five years (45.2, 95% CI: 39.6,50.8). Low literacy of families: 1.3 (95% CI: 1.1, 1.7), low family socioeco- nomic status: 1.9 (95% CI: 1.1,3.01.3), having housewife mothers or with no job: 1.5 (95% CI: 1.4, 1.9) and rural residence: 3.3 (95% CI: 1.7,6.1) were found to be predictors of anemia among children. Conclusion: In this study, one in three children were anemic in Ethiopia. It is a moderate public health problem in children in this study. Low literacy, low socioeconomic status as well as rural residence of the families and helminthic infection of the children were found to be predictors of anemia in the children. Community and school-based interventions should be strengthened to improve the problem. Keywords: Anemia; prevalence; predictors; children,; Ethiopia; systematic review; meta-analysis.

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Prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection among children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tropical Diseases Travel Medicine and Vaccines ◽

10.1186/s40794-021-00156-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Habtye Bisetegn ◽

Tegegne Eshetu ◽

Yonas Erkihun

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Schistosoma Mansoni ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Professional Associations ◽

Medical Laboratory ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Google Search

Abstract Background Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by mainly Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma hematobium. The disease is very common in Africa including Ethiopia. Schistosoma mansoni is a major public health problem in Ethiopia especially among children. This review is aimed to indicate the prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni among children at the national and regional levels. Methods and material The PRISMA guidelines were followed. An electronic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, and Google search were carried out using key terms. Articles published from the proceeding of professional associations such as the Ethiopian medical laboratory association, the Ethiopian public health association, and annual national research conferences were also searched to find additional eligible studies. Data were extracted independently by two investigators, and cross-checked by a third reviewer. The quality of included studies was assessed using JBI quality assessment criteria. Data were extracted using Microsoft excel and finally analyzed using STATA version 12. The pooled prevalence was done using a random-effects model. Result Overall 49 studies involving 20,493 children (10,572 male and 9, 921 females) were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection was 37.13% (95%CI:30.02–44.24). High heterogeneity was observed with I2 of 99.4%, P < 0.000. According to subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence was high in the SNNPR (41.49%: 95%CI: 19.52–63.46) followed by the Amhara region (41.11%: 95%CI: 30.41–51.8), the Tigray region (31.40%: 95%CI:11.72–51.09), and the Oromia region (28.98%: 95%CI: 18.85–39.1). Year from 2011 to 2015 contributed to the highest prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection among children (46.31%: 95%:34.21–59.05). Conclusion This study revealed a 37.13% prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection among children. This is an alert to improve and implement appropriate control strategies such as mass drug administration in Ethiopia.

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Prevalence of Anemia in Children from Latin America and the Caribbean and Effectiveness of Nutritional Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta–Analysis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11010183 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 183 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Lucía Iglesias Vázquez ◽

Edith Valera ◽

Marcela Villalobos ◽

Mónica Tous ◽

Victoria Arija

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Latin America ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

School Age Children ◽

School Age ◽

Nutritional Interventions ◽

The Caribbean ◽

Prevalence Of Anemia

Anemia affects 1.62 billion people worldwide. Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) comprise several developing countries where children are a population at risk. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia in this population. Electronic databases, reference lists, and websites of health ministries were searched until December 2018. Stratified analyses were performed using RevMan5.3 to estimate the overall prevalence of anemia in preschool and school-age children. The effectiveness of nutritional interventions was also evaluated. We included 61 studies from the 917 reviewed, which included 128,311 preschool- and 38,028 school-age children from 21 LAC countries. The number of anemic children was 32.93% and 17.49%, respectively, demonstrating a significant difference according to age (p < 0.01). No difference was observed by gender and only school-age children from low/very low socioeconomic status (SES) (25.75%) were more prone to anemia than those from middle SES (7.90%). It was not a concern in the Southern Cone but constituted a serious public health problem in the Latin Caribbean. Nutritional interventions reduced the prevalence from 45% to 25% (p < 0.01). Anemia is still a public health problem for children in LAC countries. National surveys should include school-age children. Further nutritional interventions are required to control anemia.

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