scholarly journals The benefits and disappointments following clitoral reconstruction after female genital cutting: A qualitative interview study from Sweden

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254855
Author(s):  
Malin Jordal ◽  
Hannes Sigurjonsson ◽  
Gabriele Griffin ◽  
Anna Wahlberg
Keyword(s):  
External Genitalia ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Qualitative Interview Study ◽  
Clitoral Reconstruction ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Labelling Theory ◽  
Psychosocial Perspective ◽  
Female Genital

Female genital cutting or mutilation refers to the cutting of girls’ external genitalia. Due to migration from contexts where female genital cutting is common, it is estimated that around 38 000 cut women and girls live in Sweden. Clitoral reconstruction, a relatively new form of surgical healthcare offered to women with female genital cutting, was established in Sweden in 2014. This surgery aims at restoring clitoral function and anatomy, but there is yet a dearth of evidence demonstrating the effects of the surgery. The aim of this study was to explore how women undergoing clitoral reconstruction in Sweden between 2016 and 2019 experienced the surgical process and its aftereffects from a physical, sexual and psychosocial perspective. Eighteen women who had undergone clitoral reconstruction at a university hospital in Sweden agreed to participate in the study. The women were interviewed using semi-structured interviews, which were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. The results, based on self-categorization and labelling theory, demonstrated both benefits and disappointments following the surgery. Several women reported positive outcomes in terms of sexual, psychosocial and aesthetic terms. They experienced reduced genital pain, improvements in their sex lives, and a sense of feeling more empowered and at ease in their bodies. Yet, some women reported aesthetic, functional and process-related disappointment related to clitoral reconstruction. Nonetheless, the women expressed gratitude for the possibility of undergoing the surgery. In conclusion, the women reported that they experienced physical, sexual and psychosocial benefits of the surgery.

Clitoral reconstruction: Understanding changing gendered health care needs in a globalized Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malin Jordal ◽  
Gabriele Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Health Care Needs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Initial Attempt ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Clitoral Reconstruction ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Experienced Female ◽  
Female Genital

The migratory flows of recent decades that have exercised Europe as a socio-political and economic entity have produced extensive responses and interventions from European gender scholars. One relatively recent phenomenon in this context is the question of reparative surgical interventions, specifically clitoral reconstruction, in cases where women who have migrated to Europe have experienced female genital cutting. Clitoral reconstruction, which this article begins to explore, is recent in part because the related surgery was only established in the 1990s and is to date only practised in a few European countries, and in part because the research with women who ask for and have undergone such surgery has also only recently begun. This article is therefore an initial attempt to map some of the related terrain and to suggest further work that needs to be done in this increasingly important area.

It is a problem and it is not a problem: Dilemmatic talk of the psychological effects of female genital cutting

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1917-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimmi Parikh ◽  
Yvonne Saruchera ◽  
Lih-Mei Liao
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Experienced Female ◽  
Female Genital

This qualitative study aimed to explore the psychological effects of female genital cutting in the United Kingdom within a systemic psychological framework. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 13 women who had experienced female genital cutting. Four key themes emerged from thematic analysis of the data: (1) wholeness contested, (2) sexuality milestones and female genital cutting awareness, (3) salvaging family relationships and (4) for our own good. Findings highlight the importance of recognising the relational nature of how women perceive the psychological effects of female genital cutting and how these reactions are negotiated in their social sphere.

scholarly journals Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Resulting in Genital Tract Obstruction and Sexual Dysfunction: A Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Anwar Sadat Seidu ◽  
Haruna Danamiji Osman ◽  
Kingsley Appiah Bimpong ◽  
Kwame Afriyie
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dysfunction ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Female Genital Mutilation ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Type 3 ◽  
Female Genital

Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) is the practice of cutting parts of the female external genitalia in fulfillment of sociocultural obligations and in some cases for nonmedical reasons. It is classified into 4 main types depending on the extent of cutting. Some forms of FGM/C are common in at least 29 countries globally, mainly in Africa. The overall prevalence of FGM/C in Ghana is approximately 4%. The motivation for this practice varies from community to community but includes the fulfillment of cultural values, uplifting the girl child, and, according to some reports, reducing sexual desire and promiscuity. The objective of this article is to illustrate how FGM/C resulted in sexual dysfunction in a young woman married for 2 years. We present a 19-year-old female who was subjected to female genital cutting in her formative years who presented with apareunia for 2 years in her marriage. We illustrated how FGM/C led to a genital tract obstruction with resultant sexual dysfunction. Examination revealed a Type 3 FGM/C (infibulation) with almost complete occlusion of the genital tract. She underwent a successful defibulation and resumed sexual activity with her husband within 6 weeks of the procedure.

Female Genital Cutting

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
NAWAL M. NOUR
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

Response to Commentaries: Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to Female Genital Cutting and Deinfibulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya S. Brady ◽  
Jennifer J. Connor ◽  
Nicole Chaisson ◽  
Fatima Sharif Mohamed ◽  
Beatrice “Bean” E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽  
Planned Behavior ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

scholarly journals Cohort analysis of the state of female genital cutting in Nigeria: prevalence, daughter circumcision and attitude towards its discontinuation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Babatunde M. Gbadebo ◽  
Adetokunbo T. Salawu ◽  
Rotimi F. Afolabi ◽  
Mobolaji M. Salawu ◽  
Adeniyi F. Fagbamigbe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Female Genital Cutting ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Bodily Integrity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Female Children ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Background Female genital cutting (FGC) inflicts life-long injuries on women and their female children. It constitutes a violation of women’s fundamental human rights and threats to bodily integrity. Though decreasing, the practice is high and widespread in Nigeria despite efforts towards its eradication. This study was conducted to perform cohort analysis of the state of FGC between the years 2009 and 2018 in Nigeria. Results The study found that that FGC has reduced over the years from 56.3% among the 1959–1963 birth cohort to 25.5% among 1994–1998 cohorts but a rise in FGC between 1994–1998 cohorts and 1999–2003 cohorts (28.4%). The percentage of respondents who circumcised their daughters reduced from 40.1% among the oldest birth cohort to 3.6% among the younger cohort. Birth-cohort, religion, education, residence, region, and ethnicity were associated with FGC. Factors associated with the daughter’s circumcision were birth-cohort, religion, residence, region, ethnicity, wealth, marital status, FGC status of the respondent, and FGC required by religion. Similar factors were found for discontinuation intention. Conclusions The practice of FGC is still high but decreasing among younger birth-cohorts in Nigeria. There is no significant change in the perception of the discontinuation of FGC. More awareness about the adverse effects of FGC, particularly among women with poor education in Nigeria will greatly reduce this cultural menace’s timely eradication.

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