scholarly journals Uncovering the stability status of the reputed reference genes in breast and hepatic cancer cell lines

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0259669
Author(s):  
Gilar Gorji-Bahri ◽  
Niloofar Moradtabrizi ◽  
Atieh Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Reference Genes ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Hepatic Cancer ◽  
Expression Stability ◽  
Stability Ranking

Accurate and reliable relative gene expression analysis via the Reverse Transcription-quantitative Real Time PCR (RT-qPCR) method strongly depends on employing several stable reference genes as normalizers. Utilization of the reference genes without analyzing their expression stability under each experimental condition causes RT-qPCR analysis error as well as false output. Similar to cancerous tissues, cancer cell lines also exhibit various gene expression profiles. It is crucial to recognize stable reference genes for well-known cancer cell lines to minimize RT-qPCR analysis error. In this study, we showed the expression level and investigated the expression stability of eight common reference genes that are ACTB, YWHAZ, HPRT1, RNA18S, TBP, GAPDH, UBC, and B2M, in two sets of cancerous cell lines. One set contains MCF7, SKBR3, and MDA-MB231 as breast cancer cell lines. Another set includes three hepatic cancer cell lines, including Huh7, HepG2, and PLC-PRF5. Three excel-based softwares comprising geNorm, BestKeeper, and NormFinder, and an online tool, namely RefFinder were used for stability analysis. Although all four algorithms did not show the same stability ranking of nominee genes, the overall results showed B2M and ACTB as the least stable reference genes for the studied breast cancer cell lines. While TBP had the lowest expression stability in the three hepatic cancer cell lines. Moreover, YWHAZ, UBC, and GAPDH showed the highest stability in breast cancer cell lines. Besides that, a panel of five nominees, including ACTB, HPRT1, UBC, YWHAZ, and B2M showed higher stability than others in hepatic cancer cell lines. We believe that our results would help researchers to find and to select the best combination of the reference genes for their own experiments involving the studied breast and hepatic cancer cell lines. To further analyze the reference genes stability for each experimental condition, we suggest researchers to consider the provided stability ranking emphasizing the unstable reference genes.

Cytotoxic activity and anti-cancer potential of Ontario grown onion extracts against breast cancer cell lines

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghan Fragis ◽  
Abdulmonem I. Murayyan ◽  
Suresh Neethirajan
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Cancer Line ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer deaths among Canadian women. Cancer management through changes in lifestyle, such as increased intake of foods rich in dietary flavonoids, have been shown to decrease the risk associated with breast, liver, colorectal, and upper-digestive cancers in epidemiologic studies. Onions are high in flavonoid content and one of the most common vegetables. Additionally, onions are used in most Canadian cuisines.Methods: We investigated the effect of five prominent Ontario grown onion (Stanley, Ruby Ring, LaSalle, Fortress, and Safrane) extracts on two subtypes of breast cancer cell lines: a triple negative breast cancer line MDA-MB-231 and an ER+ breast cancer line MCF-7.Results: These onion extracts elicited strong anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, and cytotoxic activities on both the cancer cell lines. Flavonoids present in these onion extracts induced apoptosis, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential at dose-dependent concentrations. Onion extracts were more effective against MDA-MB-231 compared to the MCF-7 cell line. Conclusion: In this study, we investigated the extracts synthesized from Ontario-grown onion varieties in inducing anti-migratory, cytostatic, and cytotoxic activities in two sub-types of human breast cancer cell lines. Anti-tumor activity of these extracts depends upon the varietal and can be formulated into nutraceuticals and functional foods for the wellbeing of cancer patients. Overall, the results suggest that onion extracts are a good source of flavonoids with anti-cancerous properties.Keywords: onion extracts; flavonoids; anti-proliferative; breast cancer; cytotoxic activity

ANTITUMOR EFFECT OF SUNITINIB AND BORTEZOMIB ON BREAST CANCER CELL LINE IN VITRO

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Yuliya Khochenkova ◽  
Eliso Solomko ◽  
Oksana Ryabaya ◽  
Yevgeniya Stepanova ◽  
Dmitriy Khochenkov
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell ◽  
Antitumor Effect ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Breast Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Actual Problem

The discovery for effective combinations of anticancer drugs for treatment for breast cancer is the actual problem in the experimental chemotherapy. In this paper we conducted a study of antitumor effect of the combination of sunitinib and bortezomib against MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 breast cancer cell lines in vitro. We found that bortezomib in non-toxic concentrations can potentiate the antitumor activity of sunitinib. MDA-MB-231 cell line has showed great sensitivity to the combination of bortezomib and sunitinib in vitro. Bortezomib and sunitinib caused reduced expression of receptor tyrosine kinases VEGFR1, VEGFR2, PDGFRa, PDGFRß and c-Kit on HER2- and HER2+ breast cancer cell lines

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