scholarly journals Environmental predictors of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) sputum positivity among persons with cystic fibrosis in the state of Florida

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0259964
Author(s):  
Sydney L. Foote ◽  
Ettie M. Lipner ◽  
D. Rebecca Prevots ◽  
Emily E. Ricotta
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Soil Mineral ◽  
Environmental Predictors ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation ◽  
Mineral Levels ◽  
Culture Positive

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are opportunistic human pathogens that are commonly found in soil and water, and exposure to these organisms may cause pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial disease. Persons with cystic fibrosis (CF) are at high risk for developing pulmonary NTM infections, and studies have shown that prolonged exposure to certain environments can increase the risk of pulmonary NTM. It is therefore important to determine the risk associated with different geographic areas. Using annualized registry data obtained from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry for 2010 through 2017, we conducted a geospatial analysis of NTM infections among persons with CF in Florida. A Bernoulli model in SaTScan was used to identify clustering of ZIP codes with higher than expected numbers of NTM culture positive individuals. Generalized linear mixed models with a binomial distribution were used to test the association of environmental variables and NTM culture positivity. We identified a significant cluster of M. abscessus and predictors of NTM sputum positivity, including annual precipitation and soil mineral levels.

scholarly journals Decontamination Strategies Used for AFB Culture Significantly Reduce the Viability of Mycobacterium abscessus Complex in Sputum Samples from Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1597
Author(s):  
Dominic Stephenson ◽  
Audrey Perry ◽  
Andrew Nelson ◽  
Ali E. Robb ◽  
Matthew F. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Optimal Recovery ◽  
Mycobacterium Abscessus ◽  
Colony Count ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Quantitative Culture ◽  
Mycobacterium Abscessus Complex ◽  
Oxalic Acids

Nontuberculous mycobacteria are important respiratory pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). For diagnosis, international guidelines recommend culture of sputum that has been decontaminated via chemical treatment. Fifty-six sputum samples from 32 patients known to be previously colonized or infected with NTM were subdivided, and the aliquots were subjected to six different decontamination strategies, followed by quantitative culture for NTM. Thirty sputum samples contained Mycobacterium abscessus complex (MABSC) and 11 contained Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). Decontamination strategies included treatment with N-acetyl L-cysteine with 2% sodium hydroxide (NALC-NaOH), 4% NaOH, 1% chlorhexidine, 0.5 N sulfuric acid, 5% oxalic acid, double decontamination with NALC-NaOH, followed by 5% oxalic acid, and saline (0.85%) as a control. The samples were also cultured directly with no treatment. Treatment with NALC-NaOH resulted in an average reduction in colony count of 87% for MABSC when compared with direct culture. NaOH at 4% caused a 98.3% average reduction in colony count. All treatments that included NaOH resulted in colony counts that were statistically lower than those obtained from direct culture or the saline-treated control (p < 0.05). Standard treatments using sulfuric or oxalic acids were less deleterious, but still resulted in an average reduction in colony count of at least 30%. The viability of MAC was much less affected by most decontamination treatments. In conclusion, the viability of MABSC was severely compromised by standard decontamination regimens. This supports recent evidence showing that optimal recovery of MABSC is achieved by culture on an appropriate selective agar without decontamination of sputum samples.

P070 Epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria in a single adult cystic fibrosis centre

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. S60
Author(s):  
A. Kumar ◽  
D. Wat ◽  
S. Hameed ◽  
C. Baker ◽  
D. Nazareth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Centre

scholarly journals Nontuberculous mycobacteria in cystic fibrosis: Updates and the path forward

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (S48) ◽  
pp. S29-S36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey L. Martiniano ◽  
Rebecca M. Davidson ◽  
Jerry A. Nick
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Considerations for the Conduct of Clinical Trials with Antiinflammatory Agents in Cystic Fibrosis. A Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Workshop Report

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1398-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore J. Torphy ◽  
Janet Allen ◽  
André M. Cantin ◽  
Michael W. Konstan ◽  
Frank J. Accurso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Workshop Report ◽  
Antiinflammatory Agents ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation

NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-501
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Texas Gulf Coast ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation

Postgraduate Course in Pediatric Cardiorespiratory Care: Charles W. Ewing, M.D., will direct this course, to be presented in Houston, September 30 through October 2, by the American College of Chest Physicians, Texas Gulf Coast Chapter of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, and the Texas Institute for Rehabilitation and Research. The program for physicians will deal with practical aspects of pediatric cardiorespiratory disease, but nurses and inhalation and physical therapists specializing in pediatrics are invited to participate.

Infections due to Mycobacterium leprae and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K Leonard Jr ◽  
Henry M Blumberg ◽  
Carlos Franco-Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Mycobacterial Infections ◽  
Rapidly Growing Mycobacteria ◽  
Treatment Regimens

Mycobacterium leprae infection (i.e., leprosy) is a disease that has been recognized—and often misunderstood—since ancient times. The emergence of HIV/AIDS and the development of newer culture methodologies and molecular diagnostic tools have brought about increased interest in the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of human infections from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). More than 140 species of NTM have been identified; approximately 50 of these may be pathogenic for humans, causing a broad spectrum of disease. This chapter covers both M. leprae and selected NTM organisms, including M. avium complex; M. kansasii; M. marinum; and rapidly growing mycobacteria such as M. chelonae, M. fortuitum, and M. abscessus. The section on leprosy encompasses subsections on diagnosis, clinical manifestations and classification, laboratory studies, treatment, and leprosy reactions. Treatments for nontuberculous mycobacteria infections are also covered. Figures include a natural history of leprosy, tuberculoid leprosy, lepromatous leprosy, and various forms of borderline leprosy, as well as type 1 and type 2 leprosy reaction. Tables include the Ridley-Jopling classification of leprosy, recommendations for treatment of leprosy, clinical characteristics and treatment of leprosy, major clinical syndromes associated with nontuberculous mycobacterial infections, diagnosing nontuberculous mycobacterial lung disease, a listing of slow and rapidly growing mycobacteria that are human pathogens, plus treatment regimens for selected nontuberculous mycobacterial infections in adults. This review contains 59 references.

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