scholarly journals Transcriptome profiling based on Illumina- and SMRT-based RNA-seq reveals circadian regulation of key pathways in flower bud development in walnut

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260017
Author(s):  
Kai Ma ◽  
Xiang Luo ◽  
Liqun Han ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Aisajan Mamat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clock Genes ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Developmental Gradient ◽  
Alternatively Spliced ◽  
Flower Bud Development

Flower bud development is a defining feature of walnut, which contributes to the kernel yield, yield stability, fruit quality and commodity value. However, little is known about the mechanism of the flower bud development in walnut. Here, the stages of walnut female flower bud development were divided into five period (P01-05) by using histological observation. They were further studied through PacBio Iso-Seq and RNA-seq analysis. Accordingly, we obtained 52,875 full-length transcripts, where 4,579 were new transcripts, 3,065 were novel genes, 1,437 were consensus lncRNAs and 20,813 were alternatively spliced isoforms. These transcripts greatly improved the current genome annotation and enhanced our understanding of the walnut transcriptome. Next, RNA sequencing of female flower buds at five periods revealed that circadian rhythm-plant was commonly enriched along with the flower bud developmental gradient. A total of 14 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and six of them were confirmed by real-time quantitative analysis. Additionally, six and two differentially expressed clock genes were detected to be regulated by AS events and lncRNAs, respectively. All these detected plant circadian genes form a complex interconnected network to regulate the flower bud development. Thus, investigation of key genes associated with the circadian clock could clarify the process of flower bud development in walnut.

scholarly journals An asexual flower of Silene latifolia and Microbotryum lychnidis-dioicae promoting its sexual-organ development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Kawamoto ◽  
Kaori Yamanaka ◽  
Ayako koizumi ◽  
Kotaro Ishii ◽  
Yusuke Kazama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Flower ◽  
Female Flower ◽  
Silene Latifolia ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Stamen Development ◽  
The Family ◽  
Flower Bud Development ◽  
Gynoecium Development

AbstractSilene latifolia is a dioecious flowering plant with sex chromosomes in the family Caryophyllaceae. Development of a gynoecium and stamens are suppressed in the male and female flowers of S. latifolia, respectively. Microbtryum lychnidis-dioicae promotes stamen development when it infects the female flower. If suppression of the stamen and gynoecium development is regulated by the same mechanism, suppression of gynoecium and stamen development is released simultaneously with the infection by M. lychnidis-dioicae. To assess this hypothesis, an asexual mutant, without gynoecium or stamen, was infected with M. lychnidis-dioicae. A filament of the stamen in the infected asexual mutant was elongated at stages 11 and 12 of the flower bud development as well as the male, but the gynoecium did not form. Instead of the gynoecium, a filamentous structure was suppressed as in the male flower. Developmental suppression of the stamen was released by M. lychnidis-dioicae, but that of gynoecium development was not released. It is thought, therefore, that the suppression of gynoecium development was not released by the infection of M. lychnidis-dioicae. M. lychnidis-dioicae would have a function similar to SPF since the elongation of the stamen that is not observed in the healthy asexual mutant was observed after stage 8 of flower bud development. Such an infection experiment also that the Y chromosome of the asexual mutant has genes related to the differentiation of archesporial cells, but none related to maturation of the tapetal cells.

scholarly journals The tuberization signal StSP6A represses flower bud development in potato

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 937-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faline D M Plantenga ◽  
Sara Bergonzi ◽  
José A Abelenda ◽  
Christian W B Bachem ◽  
Richard G F Visser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Flower Bud Development

scholarly journals Storage Temperature and Duration Affect Flower Bud Development, Shoot Emergence, and Flowering of Leucocoryne coquimbensis F. Phil.

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyoshi Ohkawa ◽  
Hyeon-Hye Kim ◽  
Emiko Nitta ◽  
Yukinori Fukazawa
Keyword(s):  
No Reduction ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Flower Stem ◽  
Shoot Emergence ◽  
Flower Bud Development

Leucocoryne, a native to Chile, has violet, blue, or white flowers and is increasing in popularity as a cut flower. The effects of storage temperature and duration on flower bud development, shoot emergence, and anthesis were investigated. Bulbs stored at 20 to 30 °C for 22 weeks produced 3.4 flower stems per bulb between March and April. Bulbs stored at 20 °C flowered earliest, followed by those stored at 25 °C. Bulbs stored at 30 °C flowered last. After 16 weeks of storage at 20 °C, a further 2 weeks dry storage at 15 °C before planting resulted in 1 month earlier flowering with no reduction of the number of flowering stems. As dry storage at 20 °C increased to 11 months, the time to emergence and flowering decreased. After dry storage at 20 °C for 12 months, the primary flower stems aborted and secondary stems then developed. Secondary and tertiary flower stems tend to commence flower bud development after the flower bud on the primary flower stem has reached the gynoecium or anther and ovule stage of initiation.

Pollen development in relation to phenological stages of inflorescence expansion in Amelanchier alnifolia (saskatoon), with a comparison with buds forced out of dormancy

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-268
Author(s):  
Michael J Sumner ◽  
William R Remphrey ◽  
Richard Martin
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Amelanchier Alnifolia ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Internal Development ◽  
Flower Bud Development

A relationship was developed between phenological stages of inflorescence expansion and the internal development of pollen within the anther of Amelanchier alnifolia Nutt. flowers. The major microscopic events associated with microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis were correlated with seven stages of external inflorescence development in both natural buds and those forced from dormancy in different concentrations of gibberellin at various times of the year. In fall and early spring, it was found that gibberellin at a concentration of 2.5 mg/L forced buds to produce inflorescences that most resembled those from natural field populations. However, it was not possible to force flower buds to develop all the way to anthesis. Flower bud development stopped when the pollen was at the binucleate stage. Despite this limitation, the ability to force buds increases the time frame for the study of many aspects of the reproductive biology of A. alnifolia.Key words: microsporogenesis, microgametogenesis, gibberellin, GA, flowering.

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