scholarly journals Optimization of the methods for the determination of 7 neonicotinoids in honey bees, honeys, melliferous weeds and guttation fluids

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees

scholarly journals Determination of the effect of some pesticides on honey bees

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Ahmed Karahan ◽  
Mehmet Ali Kutlu ◽  
İsmail Karaca
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees

Determination of Carbaryl Residues in Honey Bees

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-774
Author(s):  
D P Johnson ◽  
H A Stansbury
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Methylene Chloride ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Separate Analysis ◽  
Yellow Substance ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Abstract A method has been developed for detecting residues of carbaryl (1-naphthyl methylcarbamate) as well as its hydrolysis product, 1-naphthol, in dead bees. The method is based on extraction of the bees with benzene, followed by a cleanup involving liquid partitioning and chromatography on Florisil. The quantitative determination involves hydrolysis of carbaryl to 1-naphthol and coupling of the latter with p-nitrobenzenediazonium fluoborate in acetic acid to form a yellow substance. For separate analysis, free 1-naphthol is separated from methylene chloride into a basic aqueous solution. The sensitivity of the method is about 0.1 ppm; recoveries averaged 85.6 ± 6.6% for 1- naphthol and 83.8 ± 2.7% for carbaryl.

scholarly journals API-monitoring of synthetic pyrethroids by gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Aisylu Z. Mukharlyamova ◽  
◽  
Igor M. Fitsev ◽  
Elvira R. Rakhmetova ◽  
Aygul G. Mukhammetshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Mass Spectrometric ◽  
Mass Spectrometric Detection ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroids ◽  
Work Sample

The article presents the results of API (Latin Ápis – bee) monitoring the content of residual amounts of synthetic pyrethroids in honey bees using gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS). The pesticides discussed in this article were selected based on the results of API monitoring of honey bees using GC / MS. The proposed GC-MS method for monitoring synthetic pyrethroids makes it possible not only to identify the causes of lethal intoxication of bees, but also to prevent the possible consequences of synthetic pyrethroids getting into beekeeping products and, consequently, their distribution along trophic routes. The latter has a direct impact on the quality of human life safety. It has been shown that for the detection by GC-MS of synthetic pyrethroids contained in a bee matrix, an important role is played by correctly selected conditions for sample preparation and purification of the extract, which contribute to the isolation of the target compounds from a complex matrix, which are present in it, often at the level of the minimum permissible level (MDU). In this work, sample preparation was carried out by solid-phase extraction (SPE) on a chromatographic column using a C18 sorbent with grafted octadecyl groups. A GC-MS multimethod has been developed for the determination of synthetic pyrethroids (prometrine, bifenthrin, β-cyagalotrin, isomers of permethrin and cypermethrin, fenvalerate, deltamethrin, which, along with other insecticides, for example, neonicotinoids, are frequent causes of lethal intoxication of bees. Quantitative determination of synthetic pyrethroids under GC-MS conditions is carried out in the registration mode of selective ions (main and confirmatory ions, respectively). The proposed method for the determination of synthetic pyrethroids for the purposes of their API monitoring is characterized by a detection limit that does not exceed the MRL in ecomonitoring objects.

scholarly journals Memoirs: Determination of Age in Honey-Bees

1920 ◽  
Vol s2-64 (254) ◽  
pp. 191-205
Author(s):  
HELEN L. M. PIXELL-GOODRICH
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Brain Cells ◽  
Gradual Reduction ◽  
The Brain

For the study of those bee diseases with which no specific organisms have so far been identified, it is important to be able to eliminate bees dying of old age, and this cannot be done with certainty by observing outward symptoms. However, the age of bees, which normally work almost incessantly for about six weeks and then die, may be determined with some accuracy from a study of the brain-cells. With advancing age the cytoplasm of these cells undergoes gradual reduction peripherally, until in senescence only a vestige is left surrounding the nucleus. The condition of the head-glands, including a pair of œsophageal glands which do not appear to have been previously recorded, gives some indication of age in normal healthy bees.

scholarly journals Determination of age in honey-bees.

1920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen L. M. Pixell-Goodrich
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR DETECTION OF MICROSPORIDIA SPECIES OF THE GENUS NOSEMA IN HONEY BEES (APIS MELLIFERA)

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Uroš Glavinić ◽  
Aleksandar Stanković ◽  
Jevrosima Stevanović ◽  
Predrag Simeunović ◽  
Nevenka Aleksić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Duplex Pcr ◽  
Infection Level ◽  
Nosema Species ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Pcr Techniques ◽  
Microsporidia Species

Two microsporidia species of the Nosema genus cause nosemosis in the adult honeybee: N. apis and N. ceranae. For diagnostic purposes and the determination of infection level various microscopic and molecular biological methods are used. Th e aim of this research was to compare the reliability of the traditional microscopic assessment and two PCR techniques: simplex- and duplex-PCR. Honey bee samples were taken from 150 colonies. Microscopic examination, performed according to the recommendations of the OIE, revealed Nosema spores in 68.67% samples analysed, whilst with the simplex-PCR method all samples (100.0%) proved positive. On the other hand, duplex-PCR method used for the identifi cation of Nosema species resulted in 84.0% positive samples, all of which were N. ceranae. Our recommendation of the simplex-PCR method for the monitoring of honey bees in fi eld conditions is based on its higher reliability than the microscopic assessment in the detection of low-level infections, as well as its potential for the detection of vegetative Nosema sp. stages; thus the early detection and timely prevention of Nosema infection would be possible. Nosema species identifi cation is simplest and most cost-eff ective if performed with the duplex-PCR analysis. However, the simplex-PCR is more reliable, thus, it is suggested that samples that were negative when assessed with microscopy and duplex-PCR analysis undergo simplex-PCR.

scholarly journals Determination of Botanical Origin of Propolis from Monte Region of Argentina by Histological and Chemical Methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Salas ◽  
María I. Mercado ◽  
Iris C. Zampini ◽  
Graciela I. Ponessa ◽  
María I. Isla
Keyword(s):  
Honey Bees ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Food Supplement ◽  
Botanical Origin ◽  
Selective Harvest ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
The Arid Regions ◽  
Larrea Divaricata

Propolis production by honey bees is the result of a selective harvest of exudates from plants in the neighborhood of the hive. This product is used in Argentina as a food supplement and alternative medicine. The aim of this study was to determine the botanical origin of propolis from the arid regions of Monte of Argentina using rapid histochemical techniques and by comparison of TLC and HPLC-DAD chromatographic profiles with extract profiles obtained from Zuccagnia punctata, Larrea divaricata and Larrea cuneifolia, plant species that grow in the study area as a natural community named “jarillal”. Microscopical analysis revealed the presence of several Z. punctata structures, such as multicellular trichomes, leaflets, stems and young leaves. Remarkable was the richness of the propolis in two bioactive chalcones, also present in Z. punctata resin; these compounds can be regarded as possible markers for propolis identification and justify its use as a dietary supplement, functional food and medicinal product. This study indicates that the source of resin used by honey bees to produce propolis in the Monte region of Argentina is only Z. punctata, a native shrub widespread in this phytogeographical region, while other more abundant species ( L. divaricata and L. cuneifolia) in the region were not found, indicating that this propolis could be defined as a mono-resin, type- Zuccagnia.

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