scholarly journals Foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in Egypt during 2013-2014: Molecular characterization of serotypes A, O, and SAT2

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Diab ◽  
Abdel-Hamid I. Bazid ◽  
Mohamed Fawzy ◽  
Wagdy R. El-Ashmawy ◽  
Adel A. Fayed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Fmdv Serotypes ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Background and Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes A, O and South African Territories (SAT2) are endemic in Egypt; each is presented by a number of partially related topotypes and lineages, depending on their geographical origin. Continuous mutations and the emergence of new topotypes that lead to occasional vaccination failures were frequently recorded, so this study aimed to genetically characterize the circulating FMD virus strains in Egypt during 2013 and 2014 outbreaks, focusing on amino acids variations in VP1 region. Materials and Methods: A total of 51 oral tissue samples were collected from cattle and buffaloes in 13 farms, and 38 individual cases showed clinical signs suspected to be FMD in six Egyptian Governorates (Cairo, Giza, Qaliubia, Fayoum, Sharquia, and Assiut). FMDV in collected samples was characterized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of full VP1 region, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Results: Out of 51 samples, 44 (86.27%) were positive by RT-PCR using universal primers. Serotype O was predominant and detected in 31 samples (70.45%), serotype A was detected in 9 samples (20.45%), and then serotype SAT2 was identified in 4 samples (9.10%). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of VP1 demonstrated clustering of serotype O, A, and SAT2 in EA-3 topotype, ASIA topotype, and topotype VII, respectively. Serotype O is closely related to O/SUD/8/2008 with 94.6% identity but showed 14.6% differences from vaccine strain (O/PanAsia-2) of ME-SA topotype. Furthermore, Serotype A and SAT2 were closely related to recent circulating Egyptian isolates and vaccine strains type A/EGY/1/2012 (Asia topotype, lineage Iran-05) with identity 96.4% and vaccine strain of SAT2/EGY/A/2012 (topotype VII, lineage SAT2/VII/ALX-12) with identity 95.3%, respectively. Conclusion: The present study recommended further studies of serotype O to determine the immunogenic relationship between the vaccine strain and the new strains to attain maximum protection against circulating viruses.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of foot-and-mouth disease viruses collected from Northern and Central Ethiopia during the 2018 outbreak

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 542-548
Author(s):  
Yeneneh Tesfaye ◽  
Fazlurrahman Khan ◽  
Esayas Gelaye
Keyword(s):  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Fmdv Serotypes ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Background and Aim: Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in several developing countries and affects poor farmers through loss of production, death of diseased animals, and loss of animal byproducts. Forty-three samples were collected from 12 sites of five geographical located areas from suspected FMD virus (FMDV)-infected cattle during 2018. This study aimed to isolate and characterize the FMDVs using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and gene sequencing. Materials and Methods: Forty-three FMDV-suspected clinical samples cultured on BHK-21 cell were examined, followed by virus serotype identification using RT-PCR and gene sequencing. Results: Twenty-nine (67.44%) samples were cultured on BHK-21 cell, of which 14 (32.56%) were not isolated; the 43 samples were analyzed using FMDV screening primers and serotype-specific primers. The contribution of the disease-causing serotype was serotype O of 8 (18.60%) samples, serotype A of 20 (46.51%) samples, and mixed infection (O and A) of 1 (2.33%) sample. Serotypes O and A were further characterized by phylogenetic analysis, which grouped them under East Africa 3 and Africa topotypes of genotype IV, respectively. Interestingly, serotype A was isolated for the 1st time from Keyet sub-woreda and Mulo woreda of Ethiopia, and mixed serotypes (O and A) were identified from the purchased animal. Conclusion: Molecular test result, sequencing, and phylogenetic tree reconstruction analysis revealed that the 2018 FMD outbreak in Ethiopia was caused by FMDV serotypes O and A. FMDV serotype A was the predominant strain circulating in most study areas of the country. Infections in one sample with mixed serotypes of O and A were also reported. The authors recommend a vaccine matching study of those field isolated viruses with the vaccine strain.

scholarly journals Immuno-Efficacy of Multi-Epitope Chimeric Peptides Against Foot and Mouth Disease Virus: Potential Vaccine Candidates for Newly Emerged Serotype O and A

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SALMA AKTER ◽  
Md. Shaminur Rahman ◽  
M. Rafiul Islam ◽  
Masuda Akther ◽  
Mafruha Marjia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
T Cell Epitopes ◽  
Vaccine Candidates ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Fmdv Serotypes ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Expression Characterization ◽  
Chimeric Peptides

Artificially designed, chimeric peptide-based recombinant vaccines are novel approaches to combat the phylogenetically diverse Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) Virus (FMDV) strains. Among seven distinct serotypes, only serotype O and A are dominantly circulating in Bangladesh and neighbouring countries of Asia, where transboundary transmission, recurrent outbreaks and emergence of novel lineages FMDV are highly prevalent. The objective of this study was to develop multi-epitope recombinant peptides, procuring immunogenicity against circulating diverse subtypes of FMDV serotype O and A. Two chimeric peptides, named B1 (41.0 kDa) and B3 (39.3 kDa), have been designed to incorporate potential B-cell and T-cell epitopes selected from multiple FMDV strains, including previously reported and newly emerged sub-lineages. After expression, characterization and immunization of guineapigs with considerable antigen load of B1 and B3 followed by the serological assays revealed the significant protective immunogenicity, developed from the higher (100 µg) doses of both antigens, against most of the currently prevalent serotype O and A strains of FMDV. The efficient expression, antigenic stability, and multivalent immunogenic potency of the chimeric peptides strongly indicate their credibility as novel vaccine candidates for FMDV serotypes O and A circulating in Bangladesh and surrounding territories.

scholarly journals Near-Complete Genome Sequence of a Potential Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Serotype A Vaccine Strain Isolated from Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Al Amin ◽  
M. Rahmat Ali ◽  
A. S. M. Rubayet Ul Alam ◽  
Mohammad Anwar Siddique ◽  
Huzzat Ullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Vaccine Strain ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome Sequence ◽  
Complete Genome ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

The near-complete genome sequence of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A potential vaccine strain BAN/CH/Sa-304/2016 is reported here. Its genome revealed antigenic heterogeneity with the current Indian vaccine strain IND40/00, with four amino acid substitutions in antigenically critical sites of the VP1 protein.

scholarly journals The phylogenetic analysis of VP1 genomic region in foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O isolates in Sri Lanka reveals the existence of 'Srl-97', a newly named endemic lineage

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. e0194077 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. E. Abeyratne ◽  
S. S. C. Amarasekera ◽  
L. T. Ranaweera ◽  
T. B. Salpadoru ◽  
S. M. N. K. Thilakarathne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Virus Serotype ◽  
Foot And Mouth

scholarly journals Comparison of two ELISA methods for detection of antibodies against Footand- Mouth Disease virus of cattle breeds in Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Ö. B. INCE ◽  
R. KALKAN ◽  
S. ÇAKIR
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Cattle Breeds ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
History Of

The study was conducted using two ELISA methods - the liquid phase blocking ELISA (LPBE) and solid phase competition ELISA (SPCE) for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype A- and O-specific antibodies of different cattle breeds in Turkey. These methods were compared in 426 cattle previously vaccinated with oil-adjuvanted bivalent vaccine as well as in sera from 40 cattle with no history of foot-and-mouth disease infection or vaccination. The results were found that SPCE had a better specificity (serotype A; 100% and serotype O; 97.50%) than LPBE (serotype A 95.00% and serotype O 92.50%). Sensitivity of SPCE had also better values (serotype A; 99.30% and serotype O; 98.59%) than LPBE (serotype A; 97.89% and serotype O; 96.48%). The results of the present study showed that the SPCE method is more reliable than LPBE.

scholarly journals Thermal Inactivation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Viruses in Suspension

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (22) ◽  
pp. 7177-7184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somjai Kamolsiripichaiporn ◽  
Supatsak Subharat ◽  
Romphruke Udon ◽  
Panithan Thongtha ◽  
Suphachai Nuanualsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Thermal Inactivation ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Decimal Reduction Time ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Fmdv Serotypes ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

ABSTRACT The heat resistance of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) strains isolated from outbreaks in Thailand was investigated in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100°C. The first-order kinetic model fitted most of the observed linear inactivation curves. The ranges of decimal-reduction time (D value) of FMDV strains at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100°C were 732 to 1,275 s, 16.37 to 42.00 s, 6.06 to 10.87 s, 2.84 to 5.99 s, 1.65 to 3.18 s, and 1.90 to 2.94 s, respectively. The heat resistances of FMDV strains at lower temperature (50°C) were not serotype specific. The effective inactivating temperature is approximately 60°C. Heat resistances of FMDV strains at 90 and 100°C were not statistically different (P > 0.05), while the FMDV serotype O (OPN) appeared to be the most heat resistant at 60 to 80°C. The other observed inactivation curves were linear with shoulder or tailing (biphasic curves). The shoulder effect was mostly observed at 90 and 100°C, while the tailing effect was mostly observed at 50 to 80°C. The adjusted D values in the case of shoulder and tailing effects did not affect the overall estimated heat resistance of these FMDV strains, so even unadjusted D values of deviant inactivation curves were legitimate. The z values of FMDV serotypes O, A, and Asia 1 were 21.78 to 23.26, 20.75 to 22.79, and 19.87°C, respectively. The z values of FMDV strains studied were not statistically significantly different (P > 0.05). The results of this study indicated that the heat resistance in PBS of FMDV strains from Thailand was much less than had been reported for foreign epidemic FMDV strains.

scholarly journals Molecular survey for foot-and-mouth disease virus in livestock in Tanzania, 2008–2013

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael S. Sallu ◽  
Christopher J. Kasanga ◽  
Mkama Mathias ◽  
Mmeta Yongolo ◽  
Chanasa Mpelumbe-Ngeleja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Virus ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Virus Protein ◽  
Serotype A ◽  
Qrt Pcr ◽  
Serotype O ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Phylogeography data are of paramount importance in studying the molecular epidemiology dynamics of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). In this study, epithelial samples and oesophageal-pharyngeal fluids were collected from 361 convalescent animals (cattle and buffaloes) in the field throughout Tanzania between 2009 and 2013. The single plex real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay for rapid and accurate diagnosis of FMDV employing the Callahan 3DF-2, 3DF-R primers and Callahan 3DP-1 probe were used. Preparation of the samples was performed according to the OIE manual, with a Kenya O serotype obtained from the attenuated vaccine serving as a positive control and samples collected from healthy animals serving as true negatives. The results indicated that 53.49% of samples (n = 176) were positive for FMDV genome by qRT-PCR, with Ct values ranging from 14 to 32. In addition, molecular typing of the FMDV genome positive samples using serotype specific primers revealed the existence of several serotypes: serotype South Africa Territory 1 (SAT1) (34.25%, n = 60), serotype A (68.92%, n = 98), serotype O (59.20%, n = 98) and SAT2 (54.54%, n = 96). The virus protein 1 sequences analysis for 35 samples was performed and the collective results indicated: 54.28% serotype O, 25.71% serotype A, 14.28% serotype SAT1 and 2.85% serotype SAT2. Therefore in this study, both the phylogenetic trees and spatial distribution of serotypes elucidated the phylodynamics of multiple FMDV field strains in Tanzania and neighbouring countries.

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